IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
공개
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0108245
(2008-04-23)
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공개번호 |
US-0269250
(2009-10-29)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Panagiotou, Thomai
- Mesite, Steven Vincent
- Fisher, Robert John
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
MCCARTER & ENGLISH, LLP STAMFORD
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
0 |
초록
▼
Apparatus, systems and methods are provided that utilize microreactor technology to achieve desired mixing and interaction at a micro and/or molecular level between and among feed stream constituents. Feed streams are fed to an intensifier pump at individually controlled rates, e.g., based on opera
Apparatus, systems and methods are provided that utilize microreactor technology to achieve desired mixing and interaction at a micro and/or molecular level between and among feed stream constituents. Feed streams are fed to an intensifier pump at individually controlled rates, e.g., based on operation of individually controlled feed pumps. The time during which first and second feed streams are combined/mixed prior to introduction to the microreactor is generally minimized, thereby avoiding potential reactions and other constituent interactions prior to micro-and/or nano-scale interactions within the microreactor. Various microreactor designs/geometries may be employed, e.g., "Z" type single or multi-slot geometries and "Y" type single or multi-slot geometries. Various applications benefit from the disclosure, including emulsion, crystallization, encapsulation and reaction processes.
대표청구항
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1. A system for continuously processing at least two liquid feed streams, comprising: a. a first feed pump that is adapted to pump a first feed stream downstream at a controlled rate; b. a second feed pump that is adapted to pump a second feed stream downstream at a controlled rate; c. at least one
1. A system for continuously processing at least two liquid feed streams, comprising: a. a first feed pump that is adapted to pump a first feed stream downstream at a controlled rate; b. a second feed pump that is adapted to pump a second feed stream downstream at a controlled rate; c. at least one intensifier pump positioned to receive the first and second feed streams from the first and second feed pumps, the intensifier pump adapted to pressurize the first and second feed streams to an elevated pressure; and d. a microreactor downstream of the intensifier pump, the microreactor adapted to effect high shear fields so as to achieve thorough mixing of the first and second feed streams. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first feed pump and the second feed pump is a peristaltic pump. 3. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a recycle feed stream that is introduced to the at least one intensifier pump for combination with the first and second feed streams. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the first and second feed streams are delivered to the at least one intensifier pump in a coaxial arrangement. 5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the microreactor is characterized by a geometry selected from the group consisting of: (i) a "Z" type single slot geometry, (ii) a "Y" type single slot geometry, (iii) a "Z" type multi-slot geometry; or (iv) a "Y" type multi-slot geometry. 6. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling unit downstream of the microreactor. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein at least one intensifier pump includes a plurality of spaced feed ports, and wherein the first feed stream is introduced to the at least one intensifier pump through a first feed port and the second feed stream is introduced to the at least one intensifier pump through a second feed port. 8. A system for controlling interaction of constituents at a nanoscale level, comprising: a. a first feed line for introducing a first constituent to at least one intensifier pump; b. a second feed line for introducing a second constituent to the at least one intensifier pump; and c. a microreactor downstream of the at least one intensifier pump, the microreactor adapted to effect nanoscale interaction between the first constituent and the second constituent; wherein the first feed constituent is delivered to the at least one intensifier pump at a controlled rate relative to the second constituent. 9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the first constituent and the second constituent are delivered to the at least one intensifier pump so as to control mixing of the first and second constituents prior to pressurization by the at least one intensifier pump. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein controlled mixing is achieved by introducing the first constituent to the at least one intensifier pump through a first port and the second constituent is introduced to the at least one intensifier pump through a second port spaced from the first port. 11. The system according to claim 8, further comprising a first feed pump for pumping the first constituent through the first feed line to the at least one intensifier pump. 12. The system according to claim 11, further comprising a second feed pump for pumping the second constituent through the second feed line to the at least one intensifier pump. 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein at least one of the first and second feed pumps is a peristaltic pump. 14. The system according to claim 12, wherein the feed rates of the first and second constituents is controlled by operation of the first and second feed pumps. 15. The system according to claim 8, wherein the microreactor is characterized by a geometry selected from the group consisting of: (i) a "Z" type single slot geometry, (ii) a "Y" type single slot geometry, (iii) a "Z" type multi-slot geometry; or (iv) a "Y" type multi-slot geometry. 16. A method for controlling interaction of constituents at a nanoscale level, comprising: a. feeding first and second constituents to one or more intensifier pumps at individually controlled rates such that interaction is substantially prevented prior to pressurization within the one or more intensifier pumps; b. pressurizing the first and second constituents in a combined stream within the one or more intensifier pumps; c. delivering the combined stream to a microreactor such that the first and second constituents interact within the microreactor at a nanoscale level. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first and second constituents are fed to the one or more intensifier pumps in feed lines that are coaxially aligned. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the first and second constituents are introduced to the one or more intensifier pumps through spaced ports defined by the one or more intensifier pumps. 19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the first and second constituents are fed to the at least one intensifier pump through a first feed line and a second feed line that is coaxially positioned within the first feed line so as to prevent substantial mixing of the first and second constituents prior to pressurization by the at least one intensifier pump. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the microreactor is characterized by a geometry selected from the group consisting of: (i) a "Z" type single slot geometry, (ii) a type single slot geometry, (iii) a "Z" type multi-slot geometry; or (iv) a "Y" type multi-slot geometry. 21. The method of claim 16, further comprising recycling at least a portion of effluent from the microreactor to the one or more intensifier pumps. 22. The method of claim 16, wherein the individually controlled rates for delivery of the first and second constituents to the one or more intensifier pumps are effected by individually controlled feed pumps for the first and second constituents. 23. The method of claim 16, wherein the individually controlled rates are effective to control the ratio of first constituent to second constituent fed to the one or more intensifier pumps. 24. The method of claim 16, further comprising cooling or quenching the combined stream after interaction within the microreactor. 25. A method for controlled crystallization, comprising: a. delivering a solvent stream and an antisolvent to at least one intensifier pump at a predetermined ratio; b. pressurizing the solvent and the antisolvent in the at least one intensifier pump; c. feeding the pressurized solvent and antisolvent to a microreactor on a continuous basis, the microreactor being effective to define a nanosuspension and effect interaction of the solvent stream and antisolvent stream at a nanoscale level; d. obtaining constituent nanoparticle crystals from the nanosuspension that define a median particle size. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the solvent stream is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP), methanol, ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane, octanol and isopropyl alcohol, and the antisolvent stream is selected from the group consisting of water, hexane and heptane. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the solvent stream is DMSO and nanoparticles of azithromycin are obtained at a median particle size of about 50-100 nm. 28. The method of claim 26, wherein the solvent stream is DMSO and nanoparticles of oxycarbazepine are obtained at a median particle size less than 1000 nm. 29. The method of claim 26, wherein the solvent stream is DMSO or NMP and nanoparticles of loratadine are obtained at a median particle size of less than 500 nm. 30. The method of claim 25, further comprising cooling or quenching the nanosuspension after interaction within the microreactor. 31. A method for controlling a reaction, comprising: a. delivering a first reactant and a second reactant to at least one intensifier pump at individually controlled feed rates; b. pressurizing the first and second reactants in the at least one intensifier pump; c. feeding the first and second reactants to microreactor that is adapted to effect interaction of the first and second reactants at a nanoscale level; d. adjusting reaction selectivity by controlling interaction between the first and second reactants prior to the nanoscale level interaction within the microreactor. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein control of the interaction between the first and second reactants is effected by limiting contact between the first and second reactants prior to pressurization in the at least one intensifier pump. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the first and second reactants are delivered to the at least one intensifier pump through spaced ports defined by the at least one intensifier pump. 34. The method of claim 31, further comprising cooling or quenching the first and second reactants after interaction within the microreactor. 35. A method for accelerating a reaction, comprising: a. delivering a first reactant and a second reactant to at least one intensifier pump at individually controlled rates; b. pressurizing the first and second reactants in the at least one intensifier pump; and c. reacting the first and second reactants within a microreactor that is adapted to effect interaction of the first and second reactants at a nanoscale level; wherein the first and second reactants react at an accelerated rate due to enhanced surface interaction between the first and second reactants within the microreactor. 36. The method of claim 35, further comprising cooling or quenching the first and second reactants after reaction within the microreactor. 37. A method for controlling polymorph production, comprising: a. delivering a first stream and a second stream to at least one intensifier pump at individually controlled rates; b. pressurizing the first and second streams in the at least one intensifier pump; c. contacting the first and second streams within a microreactor to effect interaction of the first and second streams at a nanoscale level; wherein polymorph production is controlled through control of operational parameters associated with the microreactor. 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the operational parameters are selected from the group consisting of microreactor design, microreactor geometry, pressure generated by the intensifier pump, supersaturation ratio, solvents, antisolvents, temperature and combinations thereof. 41. The method of claim 37, further comprising cooling or quenching the first and second streams after interaction within the microreactor.
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