Piezoelectric Vibrational Energy Harvesting Systems Incorporating Parametric Bending Mode Energy Harvesting
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
공개
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F03G-007/08
H02N-002/18
H01L-041/047
H01L-041/113
출원번호
US-0532322
(2008-03-21)
공개번호
US-0072759
(2010-03-25)
국제출원번호
PCT/US2008/057865
(2008-03-21)
발명자
/ 주소
Andosca, Robert G.
Wu, Junru
출원인 / 주소
The University of Vermont and State Agricultural College
대리인 / 주소
DOWNS RACHLIN MARTIN PLLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
0
초록▼
Vibrational energy harvesting (VEH) structures that include resonant beams each having a fundamental resonance frequency and a parametric mode frequency and including at least one piezoelectric layer for generating electrical charge in response to each of fundamental-resonance excitation and paramet
Vibrational energy harvesting (VEH) structures that include resonant beams each having a fundamental resonance frequency and a parametric mode frequency and including at least one piezoelectric layer for generating electrical charge in response to each of fundamental-resonance excitation and parametric-mode excitation of that beam. Circuitry is provided for harvesting the electrical charge from the resonant beam. In some embodiments, the parametric mode frequency of the beam is tuned to be close to its fundamental resonance frequency so as to increase the effective bandwidth of a VEH structure. The effective bandwidth of a VEH structure can be further increased by tuning ones of multiple parametric-mode-enabled resonant beams to slightly different fundamental resonance frequencies and parametric mode frequencies.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A vibrational energy harvester, comprising: a resonator beam having transverse cross-sectional properties, a fundamental resonance frequency in a first bending direction and a parametric mode frequency in a second bending direction perpendicular to said first bending directio
What is claimed is: 1. A vibrational energy harvester, comprising: a resonator beam having transverse cross-sectional properties, a fundamental resonance frequency in a first bending direction and a parametric mode frequency in a second bending direction perpendicular to said first bending direction, wherein said cross-sectional properties are selected to tune said fundamental resonance frequency to a first desired frequency and to tune said parametric mode frequency to a second desired frequency, said resonant beam including piezoelectric material for generating electrical energy in response to bending of said resonator beam in each of said first and second bending directions. 2. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 1, wherein said resonator beam has a first bending axis for said first bending direction and a second bending axis for said second bending direction, said first and second bending axes defining first, second, third and fourth quadrants such that said first and second quadrants are opposite one another on opposite sides of said first bending axis and said second and third quadrants are opposite one another on opposite sides of said second bending axis, said resonator further including first, second, third and fourth electrodes spaced from one another and located in corresponding respective ones of said first, second, third and fourth quadrants. 3. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 2, wherein a first portion of said piezoelectric material is located between said first and second electrodes and a second portion of said piezoelectric material is located between said third and fourth electrodes. 4. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 3, wherein said first and second portions of said piezoelectric material are spaced from one another. 5. A vibrational energy harvester to claim 2, further comprising a fifth electrode located between, and spaced from, said first and second electrodes, and a sixth electrode located between, and spaced from said third and fourth electrodes, wherein a first portion of said piezoelectric material is located between said first and fifth electrodes, a second portion of said piezoelectric material is located between said fourth and sixth electrodes, a third portion of said piezoelectric material is located between said fifth and second electrodes and a fourth portion of said piezoelectric material is located between said sixth and third electrodes. 6. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 5, wherein said first and second portions are spaced from one another and said third and fourth portions are spaced from one another. 7. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 5, wherein each of said fifth and sixth electrodes straddles said first bending axis. 8. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 5, further including harvesting circuitry in electrical communication with each of said first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth electrodes and configured for harvesting said electrical energy from each of said first, second, third and fourth quadrants independently of one another. 9. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 1, wherein said resonator beam is a cantilever beam. 10. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 1, wherein said fundamental resonance frequency is in a range of 50 Hz to 1500 Hz. 11. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 10, wherein said fundamental resonance frequency is in a range of 50 Hz to 250 Hz. 12. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 1, wherein said transverse cross-sectional properties of said resonator beam are selected so that said parametric mode frequency falls within 5 Hz of said fundamental resonance frequency. 13. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 1, wherein said transverse cross-sectional properties include a thickness in a direction parallel to said first bending direction and a thickness in a direction parallel to said second bending direction, wherein said width is in a range of 1 to 8 times said thickness. 14. A vibrational energy harvester according to claim 13, wherein said width is in a range of 1 to 3 times said thickness. 15. A vibrational energy harvesting unit, comprising: a plurality of piezoelectric vibrational energy harvesting (PVEH) modules electrically connected with one another, wherein each of said PVEH modules includes a plurality of parametric mode enabled (PME) PVEH beams each configured to harvest electrical charge from each of fundamental resonance excitation and parametric mode excitation. 16. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 15, wherein each of said PME PVEH beams has a parametric mode bending neutral axis and includes first and second piezoelectric/electrode stacks located on opposite sides of said parametric mode bending neutral axis. 17. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 16, wherein said first piezoelectric/electrode stack includes a first plurality of electrodes and said second piezoelectric/electrode stack includes a second plurality of electrodes spaced from said first plurality of electrodes across said parametric mode bending neutral axis. 18. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 16, wherein each of said plurality of PME PVEH beams is a bimorph piezoelectric beam. 19. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 15, wherein said plurality of PME PVEH beams of each of said plurality of PVEH modules lie along a common plane and said plurality of PVEH modules are securely stacked with one another in a direction perpendicular to said common plane. 20. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 15, wherein said plurality of PME PVEH beams are provided in a plurality of sets having corresponding respective differing tunings, wherein said differing tunings include different fundamental resonance frequencies and different parametric mode frequencies. 21. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 20, wherein ones of said different fundamental resonance frequencies differ by less than 5 Hz from any immediately adjacent one of said different fundamental resonance frequencies. 22. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 21, wherein ones of said different parametric mode frequencies differ by less than 5 Hz from corresponding respective ones of said different fundamental resonance frequencies. 23. A vibrational energy harvesting unit according to claim 15, wherein each of said plurality of PME PVEH beams has a fundamental resonance frequency and a parametric mode frequency within 5 Hz of said fundamental resonance frequency. 24. A wireless sensor, comprising: a transducer for collecting data; a wireless transmitter for transmitting the data to a receiver spaced from the wireless sensor; and a parametric mode enabled (PME) piezoelectric vibrational energy harvesting (PVEH) power supply electrically communicating with each of said transducer and said wireless sensor, said PME PVEH power supply configured to scavenge vibrational energy in an environment ambient to the wireless sensor when in use so as to generate electrical power for use in powering said transducer and said wireless transmitter during use. 25. A wireless sensor according to claim 24, wherein said PME PVEH power supply includes a plurality of resonant beams each having a parametric mode bending neutral axis and including first and second piezoelectric/electrode stacks located on opposite sides of said parametric mode bending neutral axis. 26. A wireless sensor according to claim 25, wherein said first piezoelectric/electrode stack includes a first plurality of electrodes and said second piezoelectric/electrode stack includes a second plurality of electrodes spaced from said first plurality of electrodes across said parametric mode bending neutral axis. 27. A wireless sensor according to claim 25, wherein each of said plurality of beams is a bimorph piezoelectric beam. 28. A wireless sensor according to claim 23, wherein said PME PVEH power supply includes a plurality of modules each having a plurality of resonant beams and ones of said plurality of beams of each of said plurality of modules lie along a common plane and said plurality of modules are securely stacked with one another in a direction perpendicular to said common plane. 29. A wireless sensor according to claim 23, wherein said PME PVEH power supply includes a plurality of resonant beams provided in a plurality of sets having corresponding respective differing tunings, wherein said differing tunings include different fundamental resonance frequencies and different parametric mode frequencies. 30. A wireless sensor according to claim 28, wherein ones of said different fundamental resonance frequencies differ by less than 5 Hz from any immediately adjacent one of said different fundamental resonance frequencies. 31. A wireless sensor according to claim 29, wherein ones of said different parametric mode frequencies differ by less than 5 Hz from corresponding respective ones of said different fundamental resonance frequencies. 32. A wireless sensor according to claim 24, wherein said PME PVEH power supply includes a plurality of resonant beams each having a fundamental resonance frequency and a parametric mode frequency within 5 Hz of said fundamental resonance frequency. 33. A wireless sensor network, comprising a plurality of wireless sensors according to claim 24.
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