LCO ELECTRODES AND BATTERIES FABRICATED THEREFROM
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IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
공개
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H01M-004/525
H01M-010/0525
H01M-004/66
H01M-004/131
C01G-051/00
출원번호
17151133
(2021-01-16)
공개번호
20210242460
(2021-08-05)
발명자
/ 주소
Kiggins, Chadd
Ates, Mehmet
Cook, John
출원인 / 주소
XERION ADVANCED BATTERY CORP.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
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초록
Electrodes for batteries, active stacks for batteries, batteries and methods of fabrication are described where the electrode has an LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer with a (110), (101), (104), or (003) crystallographic orientation or combinations thereof.
대표청구항▼
1. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising: a LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 2. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the electrode is a component of a battery. 3. In a battery having an electr
1. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising: a LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 2. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the electrode is a component of a battery. 3. In a battery having an electrode layer, an improvement comprising: a LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 4. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising: a LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);the electrode layer comprising a material having one or more following properties:(i) a high density;(ii) a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;(iii) at least one smooth surface; and(iv) surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 5. The electrode of claim 4, wherein the electrode is a component of a battery. 6. In a battery having an electrode layer, an improvement comprising: a LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);the electrode layer comprising a material having one or more following properties:a high density;(ii) a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;(iii) at least one smooth surface; and(iv) surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 7. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising: a fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer;said electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 8. The electrode of claim 7, wherein the electrode is a component of a battery. 9. In a battery having an electrode layer, an improvement comprising: a fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer;said electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 10. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising: a layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material;said layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 11. The electrode of claim 10, wherein the electrode is a component of a battery. 12. In a battery having an electrode layer, an improvement comprising: a layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material;said layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 13. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising: a fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer;said electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);said electrode layer having a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;said electrode layer having at least one smooth surface;said electrode layer having surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 14. The electrode of claim 13, wherein the electrode is a component of a battery. 15. In a battery having an electrode layer, an improvement comprising: a fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode layer;said electrode layer having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);said electrode layer having a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;said electrode layer having at least one smooth surface;said electrode layer having surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 16. An electrode for a battery, the electrode comprising: an electrode layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material;said electrode layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);said electrode layer having a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;said electrode layer having at least one smooth surface;said electrode layer having surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 17. The electrode of claim 16, wherein the electrode is a component of a battery. 18. In a battery having an electrode layer, an improvement comprising: an electrode layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material;said electrode layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);said electrode layer having a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;said electrode layer having at least one smooth surface;said electrode layer having surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 19. An active stack for a battery, the active stack comprising: an anode layer;a cathode layer; andan electrolyte layer between the anode layer and the cathode layer;wherein the cathode layer comprises a layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material; andwherein the LiCoO2 (LCO) material has a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of (110); (101); (104); and (003). 20. The active stack of claim 19: wherein the electrolyte layer comprises a solid-state electrolyte layer; andwherein the layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material has a smooth surface facing the electrolyte layer. 21. The active stack of claim 19, wherein the anode layer comprises a layer of lithium-ion based active material. 22. An active stack for a battery, the active stack comprising: an anode layer;a cathode layer; andan electrolyte layer between the anode layer and the cathode layer;said cathode layer comprising a layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material;said LiCoO2 (LCO) material having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);said cathode layer having a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;said cathode layer having at least one smooth surface;said cathode layer having surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 23. The active stack of claim 22: wherein the electrolyte layer comprises a solid-state electrolyte layer; andwherein the layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material has a smooth surface facing the electrolyte layer. 24. The active stack of claim 22, wherein the anode layer comprises a layer of lithium-ion based active material. 25. A battery, comprising: a first current collector;an anode layer adjacent the first current collector;an electrolyte layer adjacent the anode layer;a cathode layer adjacent the electrolyte layer; anda second current collector adjacent the cathode layer;wherein the cathode layer comprises a layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material; andwherein the LiCoO2 (LCO) material has a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003). 26. The battery of claim 25: wherein the electrolyte layer comprises a solid-state electrolyte layer; andwherein the layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material has a smooth surface facing the electrolyte layer. 27. The battery of claim 25, wherein the anode layer comprises a layer of lithium-ion based active material. 28. The battery of claim 25, wherein the first current collector comprises a copper-based material. 29. The battery of claim 25, wherein the second current collector comprises an aluminum-based material. 30. A battery, comprising: a first current collector;an anode layer adjacent the first current collector;an electrolyte layer adjacent the anode layer;a cathode layer adjacent the electrolyte layer; anda second current collector adjacent the cathode layer;said cathode layer comprising a layer of fully dense LiCoO2 (LCO) material; andsaid LiCoO2 (LCO) material having a crystal orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);said cathode layer having a thickness from less than about 1 μm to about 200 μm or greater;said cathode layer having at least one smooth surface;said cathode layer having surfaces with continuous grains between the surfaces that create conductive pathways between the surfaces. 31. The battery of claim 30: wherein the electrolyte layer comprises a solid-state electrolyte layer; andwherein the layer of LiCoO2 (LCO) material has a smooth surface facing the electrolyte layer. 32. The battery of claim 30, wherein the anode layer comprises a layer of lithium-ion based active material. 33. The battery of claim 30, wherein the first current collector comprises a copper-based material. 34. The battery of claim 30, wherein the second current collector comprises an aluminum-based material. 35. A method of forming an electrode material, comprising: forming a mixture of LiOH and KOH;forming a melt by heating the mixture of LiOH and KOH;adding CoO and dissolving the CoO in the melt; andinserting an aluminum substrate into the melt and electroplating LiCoO2 onto the aluminum substrate with a crystallographic orientation selected from the group consisting of: (110); (101); (104); and (003);wherein the crystallographic orientation is a function of the electroplating. 36. The method of claim 35, wherein the mixture of LiOH and KOH comprises about 8 g KOH and about 0.75 g LiOH. 37. The method of claim 36, further comprising: heating the mixture of LiOH and KOH to about 350° C.; andadding about 0.5 g CoO to the mixture. 38. The method of claim 35, further comprising forming (003) oriented LiCoO2 by applying a low constant current density of about 1 mA/cm2 between a working electrode and a counter electrode. 39. The method of claim 35, further comprising forming (001) oriented LiCoO2 by applying about 30 mA/cm2 pulses between a working electrode and a counter electrode for about 2 seconds with about 5 seconds rest between pulses. 40. The method of claim 35, further comprising forming polycrystalline (110), (001) oriented LiCoO2 by applying about 20 mA/cm2 pulses between a working electrode and a counter electrode for about 5 seconds with about 5 seconds rest between pulses. 41. The method of claim 35, further comprising forming (110) oriented LiCoO2 by applying about 20 mA/cm2 pulses between a working electrode and a counter electrode for about 2 seconds with about 5 seconds rest between pulses.
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