IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0502962
(1974-09-03)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Firey Joseph Carl (1554 NE. 95th St. Seattle WA 98115)
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
8 인용 특허 :
0 |
초록
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This invention provides a valve drive mechanism which positively opens and closes the valves of a gasoline engine at all speeds and provides a flow of cooling oil to the valves. Additionally this mechanism permits control of engine torque by delay of the closing of the engine intake valve and thus r
This invention provides a valve drive mechanism which positively opens and closes the valves of a gasoline engine at all speeds and provides a flow of cooling oil to the valves. Additionally this mechanism permits control of engine torque by delay of the closing of the engine intake valve and thus reduces the emmissions of oxides of nitrogen. This valve drive mechanism consists of oil pumps driving the valve open and closed via selector valves connecting to a hydraulic valve actuator.
대표청구항
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The combination of a conventional four stroke cycle gasoline engine, with conventional intake valves and exhaust valves, wherein the improvement comprises replacing the usual torque controlling throttle plate and the conventional intake valve and exhaust valve driving mechanisms with oil flow, posit
The combination of a conventional four stroke cycle gasoline engine, with conventional intake valves and exhaust valves, wherein the improvement comprises replacing the usual torque controlling throttle plate and the conventional intake valve and exhaust valve driving mechanisms with oil flow, positive valve drive mechanisms, said oil flow positive valve drive mechanism comprising, positive displacement oil pump elements one such pump element for each engine intake valve and at least one such pump element for each set of four engine exhaust valves, valve opening elements, valve closing elements, valve actuator elements, and oil reservoir elements, a separate valve opening element and valve closing element and valve actuator element being required for each engine intake valve and each engine exhaust valve, at least one oil reservoir element being required for an engine; said positive displacement oil pump element being positively driven from an engine shaft so as to positively displace oil via the valve opening element into the opening end of the valve actuator to positively open the engine valve at the proper time relative to the engine piston motion and also so as to positively displace oil via the valve closing element into the closing end of the valve actuator to positively and fully close the engine valve at the proper time relative to the engine piston motion, the displacement of said positive displacement oil pump element being in excess of 4 and preferably in excess of 10 times the valve actuator displacement needed to open the valve and to close the valve, the excess oil thus displaced being directed via spill ports in the valve actuator element into the oil reservoir element and, via the relief ports therein, into the engine oil supply system, said positive displacement pump element being fitted with overpressure relief valves which spill oil back to the sump whenever a pump discharge passage is blocked; said valve opening element being a pair of valves opened and closed by the camshaft, one valve when open directing the oil from the positive displacement oil pump element to the opening end of the valve actuator element and this supply valve being opened by the camshaft at the time of starting of valve opening and being closed by the camshaft about 90°camshaft thereafter, the other valve when open directing return flow of oil from the closing end of the valve actuator element to the engine oil sump and this latter relief valve being opened by the camshaft when the engine valve has opened sufficiently to cause the spill ports in the valve actuator element to be covered and being closed by the camshaft about 90°camshaft thereafter; said valve closing element being of two different kinds, an exhaust valve closing element, used for the closing of the engine exhaust valves, and an intake valve closing element, used for the closing of the engine intake valves at times adjustable, via an engine torque control lever, from the conventional intake valve closing time at engine piston near bottom dead center after the engine intake stroke to anytime later than this up to 85 camshaft degrees minus one half the maximum spark ignition advance angle for the engine in crankshaft degrees before piston top dead center, this angle of adjustment being the torque control angle; said exhaust valve closing elEment being a pair of valves opened and closed by the camshaft, one valve when open directing the oil from the positive displacement oil pump element to the closing end of the valve actuator element and this supply valve being opened by the camshaft at the time of starting of valve closing and being closed by the camshaft about 90°camshaft thereafter, the other valve when open directing return flow of oil from the opening end of the valve actuator element to the engine oil sump and this latter relief valve being opened by the camshaft when the engine valve has closed sufficiently to cause the spill ports in the valve actuator element to be covered and being closed by the camshaft about 90°camshaft thereafter; said intake valve closing element being of the same description as the aforedescribed exhaust valve closing element except in that those portions of the supply valve and the relief valve which do not move integrally with the camshaft are secured to the torque control lever and are angularly adjustable with respect to those portions of the supply valve and the relief valve which do move integrally with the camshaft by adjustment of this torque control lever through the previously described torque control angle, said portions of the supply valve and the relief valve which do not move integrally with the camshaft being fitted with connection means which assure maintenance of connections between the portions of the supply valve and the relief valve which do not move integrally with the camshaft and the appropriate supply and delivery connections from the positive displacement oil pump element, to and from the valve actuator element and to the engine oil sump, throughout the full adjustment of the portions of the supply valve and the relief valve which do not move integrally with the camshaft through the torque control angle; said valve actuator element being a double acting, piston and cylinder actuator with the piston secured to the valve, and the cylinder secured to the engine block and fitted with pressure supply and relief connections at both ends and spill ports in the center which connect to the oil reservoir element, said spill ports being uncovered as the piston reaches the end of its travel to open the valve and to close the valve, cushion pistons and cylinders being fitted interally to the actuator cylinder and piston so as to slow down the velocity of the valve as it nears the fully open and fully closed positions, these cushion pistons being fitted with by pass passages and check valves which permit full application of oil pressure from the positive displacement oil pump element to the entire actuator piston area; said oil rservoir element being a closed cylindrical cavity with a spring loaded reservoir piston acting to maintain a high pressure within the reservoir, this high pressure acting via a connection to the actuator spill ports to hold the engine valve open when once opened and to hold the engine valve closed when once closed, the reservoir absorbing the excess flow of the positive displacement oil pump element which comes out the actuator spill ports when the engine valve is fully opened and when the engine valve is fully closed, said excess flow moving the reservoir piston against its spring until the reservoir piston has moved sufficiently to uncover a relief port in the reservoir cylinder, after which the excess flow passes via the relief port into the engine oil supply system, the reservoir cylinder being fitted with piston stops which assure that the piston spring always has a preset compression corresponding to that reservoir pressure adequate to hold the engine valve open and closed; the engine valve driving portion of the engine camshaft consisting of the several drive mechanisms for driving the positive displacement oil pump elements, the portions of the supply valve and the relief valve of the valve opening elements which move integrally with the camshaft, the portions of the supply valve and the relIef valve of the valve closing elements which move integrally with the camshaft, all of these being angularly positioned on the camshaft as to open and close the several engine exhaust valves and engine intake valves at the desired time relative to the engine pistons when the camshaft is driven positively, as by gears or chains, at exactly one half the rotative speed of the engine crankshaft.
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