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A sensing element in the towbar of an aircraft towing tractor continuously measures the traction and pressure forces transmitted between the tractor and the aircraft. An automatic control unit uses the measured values to adjust the traction-effect of the tractor, and/or the braking of the aircraft -

A sensing element in the towbar of an aircraft towing tractor continuously measures the traction and pressure forces transmitted between the tractor and the aircraft. An automatic control unit uses the measured values to adjust the traction-effect of the tractor, and/or the braking of the aircraft -- either singly or in combination -- to keep the towbar forces within a predetermined permissible interval. In one operating mode, braking signals generated by the tractor operator actuate the aircraft brakes directly, the tractor brakes being applied by the automatic control unit only if the towbar traction force exceeds the permitted limits. For additional safety, a separate force sensor may actuate an emergency release system to separate the aircraft from the tractor in response to towbar forces outside a predetermined range. For additional safety, a separate force sensor may actuate an emergency release system to separate the aircraft from the tow bar, in response to towbar forces outside a predetermined tolerance range.

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