초록 ▼

A process is disclosed for the production of high octane gasoline and/or other valuable lower molecular weight products from carbo-metallic oils. Examples include crude oil, topped crude, reduced crude, residua, the extract from solvent de-asphalting and other heavy hydrocarbon fractions. These carb

A process is disclosed for the production of high octane gasoline and/or other valuable lower molecular weight products from carbo-metallic oils. Examples include crude oil, topped crude, reduced crude, residua, the extract from solvent de-asphalting and other heavy hydrocarbon fractions. These carbo-metallic oils contain quantities of coke precursors and heavy metal catalyst poisons substantially in excess of what is normally considered acceptable for FCC processing (fluid catalytic cracking) and substantial amounts of sulfur, nitrogen and other troublesome components may also be present. Such carbo-metallic oils are converted to the desired products in a catalytic conversion process. Named “RCC”(Reduced Crude Conversion) after a particularly common or useful carbo-metallic feed, the present process is by no means restricted to reduced crude or to oils of petroleum origin, having utility in the processing of oils from coal, shale and other sources.

대표청구항 ▼

A process for economically converting carbo-metallic oils to lighter products, comprising: I. providing a converter feed containing 650°F.+material, said 650°F.+material being characterized by a carbon residue on pyrolysis of at least about 1 and by containing at least about 4 parts per million of N

A process for economically converting carbo-metallic oils to lighter products, comprising: I. providing a converter feed containing 650°F.+material, said 650°F.+material being characterized by a carbon residue on pyrolysis of at least about 1 and by containing at least about 4 parts per million of Nickel Equivalents of heavy metal(s); II. bringing said converter feed together with cracking catalyst bearing an accumulation of heavy metal(s) on said catalyst corresponding to substantially more than 600 ppm Nickel Equivalents, by weight, expressed as metal(s) on regenerated equilibrium catalyst; III. bringing said converter feed together with liquid water in a weight ratio relative to feed in the range of about 0.04 to about 0.15; IV. forming a stream containing a mixture of said converter feed, said catalyst and steam resulting from the vaporization of said liquid water and causing the resultant stream to flow through a progressive flow type reactor having an elongated reaction chamber which is at least in part vertical or inclined at a lineal velocity of at least about 25 feet per second for a vapor residence time in the range of about 0.5 to about 10 seconds at a reaction chamber outlet temperature of about 900°to about 1400°F. and under a pressure of about 10 to about 50 pounds per square inch absolute sufficient for causing a conversion per pass in the range of about 50% to about 90% while producing coke in amounts in the range of about 6 to about 14% by weight based on fresh feed, and laying down coke on the catalyst in amounts in the range of about 0.3 to about 3% by weight; V. at at least one location along the elongated reaction chamber, including an outlet means at the downstream end of the elongated reaction chamber or an extension thereof, ballistically separating said catalyst from at least a substantial portion of the stream comprising said catalyst, steam and resultant cracking products formed in the elongated reaction chamber, by projecting catalyst particles in a direction established by said elongated reaction chamber or said extension thereof, diverting vapors in said stream, including said steam and said products, by an abrupt change of direction relative to the direction in which said catalyst particles are projected and interposing wall means between the thus projected catalyst and the diverted steam and products; VI. stripping hydrocarbons from said separated catalyst; VII. regenerating said catalyst by burning the coke in at least one regeneration zone with oxygen-containing combustion-supporting gas while forming combustion product gases comprising CO and/or CO2, and maintaining the CO:CO2 molar ratio of the combustion product gases formed from the burning of at least the major weight portion of the coke at a level of at least about 0.25 while such gases are in heat exchange contact with the catalyst; and VIII. recycling the regenerated catalyst to the reactor for contact with fresh feed.