초록 ▼

Multi-stage apparatuses are described, which operate with absorption cycles, can be used for harnessing heat energy and/or work and are distinguished by high efficiency and/or high adaptability. The apparatuses operate with a working fluid which can be absorbed in an absorbent and include as their p

Multi-stage apparatuses are described, which operate with absorption cycles, can be used for harnessing heat energy and/or work and are distinguished by high efficiency and/or high adaptability. The apparatuses operate with a working fluid which can be absorbed in an absorbent and include as their primary components so-called exchange units, and possibly at least one pressure machine in addition. The term “exchange unit”is intended to encompass absorbers, condensers, resorbers, evaporators, desorbers and absorbers such as are conventional in absorber and resorber machines; the term “pressure machines”is intended to encompass compressors and expansion machines. Preferred forms of embodiment of the present apparatus are heat pumps, which can be adapted over wide ranges to variable outdoor temperatures and variable heat requirements.

대표청구항 ▼

A multistage heat energy utilizing apparatus comprising a plurality of exchange units which operate in three different pressure ranges and which are comprised in first and second working fluid circuits and at least one absorbent circuit, in which circuits the pressure and temperature levels of the w

A multistage heat energy utilizing apparatus comprising a plurality of exchange units which operate in three different pressure ranges and which are comprised in first and second working fluid circuits and at least one absorbent circuit, in which circuits the pressure and temperature levels of the working fluid are changed by supplying or withdrawing available energy, the term “exchange unit”including units operating as generator, condensor, evaporator and absorber; the first working fluid circuit (A in FIG. 3) comprising first, second, third and fourth exchange units (A1, A2, A3, A4) of which said first unit A1 operates in a relative high temperature range of a first pressure range, which is a relatively high pressure range of said first working fluid circuit, said second unit A2 operates in relatively low temperature range of said first pressure range, said third unit A3 operates in a relatively low temperature range of a second pressure range which is a relatively low pressure range of said first working fluid circuit, and said fourth unit A4 operates in a relatively high temperature range of said second pressure range; said second working fluid circuit (B) comprising fifth, sixth, seventh and eigth exchange units (B1, B2, B3, B4) of which said fifth unit B1 operates in a relatively high temperature range of a third pressure range which is a relatively high pressure range of said first working fluid circuit, said sixth unit B2 operates in a relatively low temperature range of said third pressure range, said seventh unit B3 operates in a relatively low temperature range of a fourth pressure range which is the relatively low pressure range of said working fluid circuit, and said eighth unit B4 operates in a relatively high temperature range of said fourth pressure range; said first and second working fluid circuits having one exchange unit in common so that a specific exchange unit operates as exchange unit in both said first and said second working fluid circuits, which therefore comprise in total seven exchange units, and wherein further one condition of the following set of conditions is fulfilled: (a) the single exchange unit which is common to both of said first and second working fluid circuits forms any of the folllowing pairs of exchange units in said first and second circuits: A1,B1; A1,B2; A1,B3; A1,B4; A2,B1; A2,B2; A2,B4; A3,B1; A3,B4; A4,B1; A4,B2; A4,B3; A4,B4; (b) the single exchange unit which is common to both of said first and second working fluid circuits forms said second (A2) and said seventh (B3) exchange units; means for internal heat exchange is provided between at least two exchange units; (c) the single exchange unit which is common to both of said first and second working fluid circuits forms said second (A2) and said seventh (B3) exchange units; both working fluid circuits are heat pump circuits, said exchange units comprise first and second generators, said first generator operating in higher pressure range than said second; said first generator being comprised in an absorption circuit in which, at given pressures, the working fluid system has a vapor pressure curve which is at higher temperatures than the vapor pressure curve of a second absorption circuit comprising said second generator; (d) at least one of said working fluid circuits is a heat transformer circuit; (e) the single exchange unit which is common to both of said first and second working fluids forms said third (A3) and seventh (B3) exchange units; both working fluid circuits are heat pump circuits, means for internal heat exchange is provided between at least two exchange units, (f) the single exchange unit which is common to both of said first and second working fluids forms said third (A3) and seventh (B3) exchange units; both working fluid circuits are heat pump circuits; said exchange units comprise first and second generators, said first generator operating in higher pressure range than said second; said first generator being comprised in an absorption circuit in which, at given pressures, the working fluid system has a vapor pressure curve which is at lower temperature than the vapor pressure curve of a second absorption circuit comprising said second generator.