초록 ▼

Apparatus for cutting of bags containing tricklable materials, as well as for separating the goods from bag parts, with a sieve drum and separate outlets for the bag parts, oversized particles, and the goods to be discharged, comprising a bag guidance with a floor inclined in dependence of the load,

Apparatus for cutting of bags containing tricklable materials, as well as for separating the goods from bag parts, with a sieve drum and separate outlets for the bag parts, oversized particles, and the goods to be discharged, comprising a bag guidance with a floor inclined in dependence of the load, in a quasi-uniform, upper-and-lower engagement of the cutters to the bag, the cutters being coaxially and peripherally aligned with respect to one another, as well as for a uniform fragmentation and distribution of the goods to be discharged over the length of the sieve drum through accumulation rings.

대표청구항 ▼

1. An apparatus for cutting bags into bag parts, wherein each bag contains powdery to granular goods, and/or granular to flocculent goods, as well as for loosening, fragmentation and separation of the goods from the bag, or from parts of the bag, and wherein each bag is made of paper, synthetic mate

1. An apparatus for cutting bags into bag parts, wherein each bag contains powdery to granular goods, and/or granular to flocculent goods, as well as for loosening, fragmentation and separation of the goods from the bag, or from parts of the bag, and wherein each bag is made of paper, synthetic material, jute or the like, comprising in combination, a receiving housing, a cutting mechanism disposed in said receiving housing, a conveyor arranged to feed said cutting mechanism, a drum housing communicating with said receiving housing, and having separate outlets for the bag parts, and for the goods to be discharged, respectively, a sieve drum disposed in said drum housing, and having a predetermined length, a directional chute having an inlet, being disposed in said receiving housing, and being provided with a floor, said cutting mechanism including a plurality of cutters disposed partly above said floor and partly therebelow, said cutters having an inlet region, said directional chute having through-going openings for said cutters, an axle secured to said chute near said inlet, said floor being disposed pivotably about said axle, said axle being inclined along the direction of said inlet region in dependence on a load acting thereon, at least one resilient element supported at least indirectly on said receiving housing so that the inclination of said floor for a practically equal penetration depth of said cutters into the bag is set independently of the weight and thickness of the bag, said cutters being arranged in pairs so that the cutters of each pair face one another, a first cutter of the pair being coaxially aligned with the first cutters of all remaining pairs, the second cutter of the pair being coaxially aligned with the second cutters of all remaining pairs, at least one accumulation ring extending in a discharge direction, starting from a supply side of said goods, at least over a partial region of the length of said sieve drum. 2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said resilient element is adjustable, and includes a gas-operated spring. 3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said resilient element is adjustable, and includes a spring operable by fluid pressure. 4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cutting mechanism further comprises a cutter carrier associated with each cutter, a shaft rotatably disposed within said cutter carrier, and partly external thereto, and cutter holding means located on a portion of said shaft disposed external of said cutter carrier, a corresponding cutter being replaceably connected to said cutter holding means. 5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cutter carrier includes a sleeve, and said cutting mechanism further comprises roller bearing means disposed within said sleeve, said shaft being rotatably disposed within said roller bearing means, and wherein said cutter holding means further includes a conical clamping bushing converging outwardly, being slidable onto, and disposed external of said cutter carrier, and being formed with a thread at the outer end thereof, two stress plates engaging one another, each being formed with a passage for receiving said clamping bushing, a corresponding cutter having an opening for receiving said bushing, and being disposed between said stress plates, and a stress nut threadable onto said thread, whereby said corresponding cutter is held on said shaft by said cutter holding means. 6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said roller bearing means includes a double roller bearing. 7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein each cutter has the shape of a truncated cone having opposite faces bounded by circles of small and large diameters, respectively, so as to result in a sharp cutting edge, the large and small diameters of each cutter of a pair of cutters being aligned with one another. 8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the periphery of each cutter is ridged. 9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein sad partial region extends over at least 60% of the length of said drum, and further comprising a ring of elastic material releasable attachable onto said accumulation ring along the interior thereof. 10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein said accumulation ring is made of rubber. 11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sieve drum includes a plurality of entrainment hooks distributed along an inner periphery thereof, said entrainment hooks being generally disposed in a row, and inclined along said discharge direction. 12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein each entrainment hook has an apex, and wherein said sieve drum has a floor portion, each entrainment hook being longitudinal, and having first and second portions of about equal length, said portions subtending an angle of about 170° with one another, and wherein said apices are aligned substantially within said sieve drum, and are spaced from said floor portion. 13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said receiving housing is formed in a discharge region thereof as an inlet guidance communicating with said sieve drum, and further comprising a skirt disposed near an end region of said sieve drum, and liftably closing off said sieve drum. 14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a pair of fulling rollers disposed upstream of said directional chute so as to guide the bag, and distribute the contents thereof, each roller being separately drivable, at least the peripheral velocity of one of said rollers being independently adjustable from that of said other roller, the axes of said rollers being spaced from one another at a predetermined distance, and positioning means for shifting at least said one of said rollers a variable settable distance from said other of said rollers, and for releasing an additional load-dependent buffer path for the goods during an overload. 15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a separate drive for each roller in the form of a motor. 16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a gear associated with each roller, and including take-off means providing a certain number of revolutions per minute, said gear including a gear member for variably adjusting said number of revolutions per minute. 17. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a U-shaped carrier frame having two legs for carrying said one of said rollers, and wherein said positioning means includes a sled movable between said legs, and actuatable by pressure means, a connecting bar joining said legs, and wherein said other of said rollers is stationary and disposed in a region of said connecting bar. 18. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, further comprising longitudinal entrainment elements forming squeezing rods around the periphery of each roller at substantially uniform respective spacings, and being parallel to the axis of a corresponding roller. 19. The apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein said longitudinal elements are rods, each having a round cross-section, and wherein each roller has a predetermined direction of rotation, and further comprising impact rods associated with at least two of said longitudinal entrainment elements displaced by about 180° from one another, and being inclined along said direction of rotation. 20. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a support structure, and wherein said cylindrical sieve includes a plurality of assembled, but individually replaceable sieve panels being carried by said support structure, each sieve panel having a cross-section in the form of a circular segment. 21. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a cylindrical sieve having a comparatively small mesh size, and being concentrically wrapped around said sieve drum at a predetermined spacing therefrom, and a closed longitudinal region serving as a discharge zone for oversized particles, and being disposed parallel to said axis, said cylindrical sieve communicating at least on a discharge side thereof with said closed longitudinal region.