IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0492163
(1983-05-06)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
- Union Oil Company of California
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대리인 / 주소 |
Sandford, DeanWirzbicki, Gregory F.
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
6 인용 특허 :
46 |
초록
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Large surface area oxidation catalysts suitable for converting C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbons to maleic anhydride are disclosed, comprising the oxides of vanadium, phosphorus and tin in combination with a crystalline silica having a surface area between 100 M 2 /g to 450 M 2 /g and wherein the vanadium ha
Large surface area oxidation catalysts suitable for converting C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbons to maleic anhydride are disclosed, comprising the oxides of vanadium, phosphorus and tin in combination with a crystalline silica having a surface area between 100 M 2 /g to 450 M 2 /g and wherein the vanadium has an average valence in the range of from 3.5 to 4.9.
대표청구항
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1. A method for producing maleic anhydride which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising a gas containing molecular oxygen and a C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbon under reaction conditions, in contact with a catalyst comprising vanadium and phosphorus in combination with a microporous crystalline silica. 2
1. A method for producing maleic anhydride which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising a gas containing molecular oxygen and a C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbon under reaction conditions, in contact with a catalyst comprising vanadium and phosphorus in combination with a microporous crystalline silica. 2. The method defined in claim 1, wherein the catalyst contains tin. 3. The method defined in claim 2, wherein the hydrocarbon is a C 4 to C 10 alkane. 4. The method defined in claim 3, wherein the C 4 to C 10 alkane is a member selected from the group consisting of butane, pentane, isopentane, cyclohexane, hexane, heptane, cycloheptane, octane, nonane and decane and mixtures thereof. 5. The method defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon is a C 4 to C 10 olefin. 6. The method defined in claim 5, wherein the C 4 to C 10 olefin is a member selected from the group consisting of butene, 1, 3, butadiene, pentene, cyclopentene, hexene, cyclohexene, heptene, cycloheptene, octene, nonene and decene and mixtures thereof. 7. The method defined in claim 1, wherein the gas is a member selected from the group consisting of air and mclecular oxygen and mixtures thereof. 8. The method defined in claim 1, wherein the feedstream comprises a gas containing molecular oxygen and from 0.1 to about 2.5 mole percent of a C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbon. 9. The method defined in claim 6, wherein the reaction conditions comprise a temperature from 500° F. to 1,200° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g., and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours. 10. A method for producing maleic anhydride which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising a gas containing molecular oxygen and a C 4 to C 10 alkane in the vapor phase, under reaction conditions in contact with a catalyst having the following mole ratio: ##EQU##V a P b Sn c O d X wherein X is a microporous crystalline silica, a is 0.01 to 1, b is 1, c is 0.001 to 0.30 and d is a number which satisfies the valence requirements of the vanadium, phosphorus and tin present. 11. The method defined in claim 10 wherein the C 4 to C 10 alkane is a member selected from the group consisting of butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane and decane and mixtures thereof. 12. The method defined in claim 10, wherein the gas is a member selected from the group consisting of air and oxygen and mixtures thereof. 13. The method defined in claim 10, wherein the feedstream comprises a gas containing molecular oxygen and from 0.1 to 2.5 mole percent of a C 4 to C 10 alkane. 14. The method defined in claim 10 wherein the reaction conditions comprise a temperature from 750° F. to 1,200° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g., and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours. 15. A method for producing maleic anhydride which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising a gas containing molecular oxygen and a C 4 to C 10 olefin in the vapor phase, under reaction conditions in contact with a catalyst having the following mole ratio: ##EQU##V a P b Sn c O d X wherein X is a microporous crystalline silica, a is 0.10 to 1, b is 1, c is 0.001 to 0.30 and d is a number which satisfies the valence requirements of the vanadium, phosphorus and tin present. 16. The method defined in claim 15, wherein the C 4 to C 10 olefin is a member selected from the group consisting of butene, 1, 3 butadiene, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, nonene and decene and mixtures thereof. 17. The method defined in claim 15, wherein the gas is a member selected from the group consisting of air and oxygen and mixtures thereof. 18. The method defined in claim 15, wherein the feedstream comprises a gas containing molecular oxygen and from 0.1 to 2.5 mole percent of a C 4 to C 10 olefin. 19. The method defined in claim 15, wherein the reaction conditions comprise a temperature of from 500° F. to 900° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g., and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours. 20. A method for producing maleic anhydride which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising a gas containing molecular oxygen and a C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbon in the vapor phase at a temperature of from 300° F. to 1,200° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g., and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours, in contact with a catalyst comprising vanadium, phosphorus and tin in combination with silicalite. 21. The method defined in claim 20, wherein the hydrocarbon is a C 4 to C 10 alkane. 22. The method defined in claim 21, wherein the C 4 to C 10 alkane is a member selected from the group consisting of butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane and decane and mixtures thereof. 23. The method defined in claim 20, wherein the hydrocarbon is a C 4 to C 10 olefin. 24. The method defined in claim 23, wherein the C 4 to C 10 olefin is a member selected from the group consisting of butene, 1, 3 butadiene, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, nonene or decene or a mixture thereof. 25. The method defined in claim 20, wherein the gas is a member selected from the group consisting of air and oxygen and mixtures thereof. 26. The method defined in claim 20 wherein the feedstream comprises a gas containing molecular oxygen and from 0.1 to 2.5 mole percent of a C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbon. 27. A method for producing maleic anhydride, which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising a gas containing molecular oxygen and a C 4 to C 10 alkane in the vapor phase at a temperature of from 750° F. to 1,200° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g., and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours, in contact with a catalyst comprising vanadium, phosphorus and a crystalline silica molecular sieve. 28. The method defined in claim 27 wherein the catalyst contains tin. 29. The method defined in claim 27 wherein the C 4 to C 10 alkane is a member selected from the group consisting of butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane and decane and mixtures thereof. 30. The method defined in claim 22 wherein the gas is a member selected from the group consisting of air and oxygen and mixtures thereof. 31. The method defined in claim 27 wherein the feedstream comprises a gas containing molecular oxygen and from 1.0 to 2.5 mole percent of a C 4 to C 10 alkane. 32. A method for producing maleic anhydride which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising a gas containing molecular oxygen and a C 4 to C 10 olefin in the vapor phase, at a temperature of from 300° F. to 900° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g., and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours in contact with a catalyst comprising vanadium, phosphorus and a crystalline silica molecular sieve. 33. The method defined in claim 32, wherein the catalyst contains tin. 34. The method defined in claim 32, wherein the C 4 to C 10 olefin is a member selected from the group consisting of butene, 1, 3 butadiene, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, nonene and decene and mixtures thereof. 35. The method defined in claim 32, wherein the gas is a member selected from the group consisting of air and oxygen and mixtures thereof. 36. The method defined in claim 32, wherein the feedstream comprises a gas containing molecular oxygen and from 0.1 to 2.5 mole percent of a C 4 to C 10 olefin. 37. A method for producing maleic anhydride, which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising air containing from 0.1 to 2.5 mole percent of butane in the vapor phase at a temperature of from 750° F. to 1,200° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g. and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours, in contact with a catalyst comprising vanadium, phosphorus, tin and silicalite. 38. A method for producing maleic anhydride, which comprises reacting a feedstream comprising air containing from 0.1 to 2.5 mole percent of butene in the vapor phase at a temperature of from 300° F. to 900° F., a pressure of from atmospheric pressure to 200 p.s.i.g. and a gas hourly space velocity of from 700 to 5,000 reciprocal hours, in contact with a catalyst comprising vanadium, phosphorus, tin and silicalite. 39. A process for oxidizing a hydrocarbon in the presence of an oxidation catalyst which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon in the gas phase with a catalyst comprising vanadium, phosphorus, and a microporous crystalline silica under oxidizing conditions producing maleic anhydride. 40. The process defined in claim 39 wherein the catalyst includes tin. 41. The process defined in claim 39 including contacting the hydrocarbon with the catalyst in the presence of a gas containing molecular oxygen. 42. A process for oxidizing a hydro-carbon with an oxidation catalyst which comprises contacting a C 4 to C 1O hydrocarbon with a catalyst comprising vanadium, phosphorus, tin and a microporous crystalline silica under oxidizing conditions producing maleic anhydride. 43. The process defined in claim 42 including contacting the hydrocarbon with the catalyst in the presence of a gas containing molecular oxygen. 44. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said crystalline silica comprises silicalite. 45. A method as defined in claim 5 wherein said crystalline silica comprises silicalite. 46. A process as defined in claim 39 wherein said crystalline silica comprises silicalite. 47. A method as defined in claim 1, 2, 10, 15, 20, 21, 23, 27, 28, 32, 33, 44, or 45 wherein said catalyst is prepared by a method comprising: (A) forming a catalyst precursor by reacting a vanadium compound and a phosphorus compound in an acidic aqueous solution with a divalent tin compound under reaction conditions which will provide vanadium having an average oxidation state of 3.50 to 4.90; (B) combining the catalyst precursor with a microporous crystalline silica; and (C) calcining the resultant material at an elevated temperature. 48. A process as defined in claim 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, or 46 wherein said catalyst is prepared by a method comprising: (A) forming a catalyst precursor by reacting a vanadium compound and a phosphorous compound in an acidic aqueous solution with a divalent tin compound under reaction conditions which will provide vanadium having an average oxidation state of 3.50 to 4.90; (B) combining the catalyst precursor with a microporous crystalline silica; and (C) calcining the resultant material at an elevated temperature. 49. A method as defined in claim 1, 2, 5, 15, 27, 32, 33, 38, 44, or 45 wherein said catalyst contains vanadium in an average valence state in the range of 3.5 to 4.9. 50. A method as defined in claim 49 wherein said catalyst has surface area from 100 to 450 M 2/ gm, and said vanadium is in an average valence state in the range of 4.1 to 4.7. 51. A process as defined in claim 39, 42, 43, or 46 wherein said catalyst contains vanadium in an average valence state in the range of 3.5 to 4.9. 52. A process as defined in claim 51 wherein said catalyst has surface area from 100 to 450 M 2/ gm, and said vanadium is in an average valence state in the range of 4.1 to 4.7.
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