[특허]Process for gasification of cellulosic materials

[미국특허] Process for gasification of cellulosic materials 원문보기

IPC분류정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	C10J-003/54
출원번호	US-0865056 (1986-05-20)
발명자 / 주소	Babu Suresh P. (Willow Springs IL) Anderson Gerald L. (Romeoville IL) Nandi Satyendra P. (Downers Grove IL)
출원인 / 주소	Institute of Gas Technology (Chicago IL 02)
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 64 인용 특허 : 4

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A process for gasification of cellulosic materials in a single gasification vessel wherein the cellulosic materials are introduced directly into a single back-mixed fluidized bed of high heat capacity inert solids. The fluidized bed is maintained at temperatures of about 1200°to about 1600°F., pressures of up to about 500 psig devolatilizing the cellulosic materials. A substantial portion of the heavier hydrocarbons produced by devolatilization of the cellulosic materials is reformed within the gasification vessel and a substantial portion of the devolatilized cellulosic materials is gasified by reaction with hydrogen and steam within the fluidized bed. Cellulosic materials residue is combusted in an oxygen-rich atmosphere in the lower portion of the fluidized bed to principally form heat and cellulosic materials ash. The highly back-mixed fluidized bed results in temperature variation along the height of the bed, including the combustion zone, of less than 100°F. and preferably less than about 90°F. Introduction of cellulosic materials feed to the fluidized bed is vertically adjustable and maintained at a position where the combustion consumes principally cellulosic materials residue. Formed gases, vapor and biomass ash are removed from the top of the gasification vessel in the gas stream. The process provides high throughput, efficient production of low and medium Btu fuel gas. The medium Btu fuel gas may be readily upgraded to high Btu SNG. At least half of the methane required for SNG is produced in the gasification vessel.

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A process for gasification of cellulosic materials in a single gasification and combustion vessel comprising the steps: introducing cellulosic materials feed of up to about 50 weight percent moisture directly into a single, highly back-mixed fluidized bed of high heat capacity inert solids in said vessel; maintaining said fluidized bed at temperatures of about 1200°to about 1600°F., said highly back-mixed fluidized state maintaining the temperature variation throughout the height of said fluidized bed at less than about 90°F., at a pressure of up to about 500 psig, devolatilizing said cellulosic materials in hydrogen-rich atmosphere in an upper portion of said bed forming methane, heavier hydrocarbons, carbon oxides, steam, hydrogen and devolatilized cellulosic materials; reforming a substantial portion of said heavy hydrocarbons into methane, carbon oxides and steam within said fluidized bed and in the head space of said vessel; mixing said devolatilized cellulosic materials throughout said fluidized bed and gasifying a substantial portion of said devolatilized cellulosic materials by reaction with hydrogen and steam within said upper portion of said bed producing methane, carbon oxides, hydrogen and cellulosic materials residue; combusting said cellulosic materials residue in an oxygen-rich atmosphere in a combustion zone in a lower portion of said bed to principally form heat and cellulosic materials ash, said heat being directly transferred to said inert solids in said single fluidized bed to maintain said fluidized bed temperatures; introducing and distributing oxygen containing gas to said bed below said combustion zone to maintain said oxygen-rich atmosphere, said oxygen introduced in an amount which is substantially less than stoichiometrically required for combustion of said cellulosic materials residue, so that said oxygen containing gas is substantially consumed in said combustion zone; removing formed gases, vapor and substantially all of said cellulosic materials ash in a gas stream from the top of said gasification vessel; and maintaining said introduction of cellulosic materials to said bed at a point where said combustion consumes principally cellulosic materials residue.

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[미국특허] Process for gasification of cellulosic materials 원문보기

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