초록 ▼

An improved reactor is disclosed wherein a high temperature product gas discharged from a catalyst bed within the reactor is cooled in a central heat exchanger installed within the reactor by heat exchange with a low temperature feed gas comprising gaseous raw materials for the reaction, and the pro

An improved reactor is disclosed wherein a high temperature product gas discharged from a catalyst bed within the reactor is cooled in a central heat exchanger installed within the reactor by heat exchange with a low temperature feed gas comprising gaseous raw materials for the reaction, and the product gas is thereafter flowed along the inner surface of an outer pressure vessel in order to maintain the outer pressure vessel at a low temperature. Inlet and outlet pipes for a coolant which coolant is circulated through a coolant passage structure which penetrates the catalyst bed in order to absorb the heat of reaction, both penetrate the top cover of the outer pressure vessel so that the coolant passage structure can be readily removed for maintenance and inspection, and the overall design of the reactor is simplified.

대표청구항 ▼

In a reactor including an outer pressure vessel having an inlet passage for feeding gaseous feed materials into said pressure vessel and an outlet passage for discharging a product gas therefrom, a bed of a granular catalyst and means for flowing a reactant gas comprising the gaseous feed materials

In a reactor including an outer pressure vessel having an inlet passage for feeding gaseous feed materials into said pressure vessel and an outlet passage for discharging a product gas therefrom, a bed of a granular catalyst and means for flowing a reactant gas comprising the gaseous feed materials through said granular catalyst so that it reacts to form a product gas, means for cooling the product gas and preheating the gaseous feed materials, and means for cooling the reactant gas as the reactant gas passes through said catalyst bed, the improvement which comprises: said outer pressure vessel is upright and cylindrical, and comprises a bottom cover and a removable top cover; said cooling and preheating means comprises a heat exchanger centrally mounted within said outer pressure vessel coaxially therewith, said heat exchanger comprising a substantially cylindrical outer shell, upper and lower partition plates subdividing the interior of said shell in the lengthwise direction thereof, a plurality of heat exchanger tubes extending from said upper partition plate to said lower partition plate, said heat exchanger tubes opening above said upper partition plate and opening below said lower partition plate, said partition plates being positioned so as to define a shell-side heat exchange compartment therebetween, an upper chamber above said upper partition plate and a lower chamber below said lower partition plate, said shell of said heat exchanger having openings at opposite end portions thereof so that a gas can enter said compartment near one end of said compartment and be discharged from the opening at the other end of said compartment, said inlet passage for the gaseous feed materials being in communication with said shell-side heat exchage compartment of said heat exchanger so that the gaseous feed materials undergo heat exchange and are thereby preheated before being fed to said catalyst bed; said catalyst bed comprises spaced-apart inner and outer cylindrical gas-permeable catalyst retainers being positioned and arranged so as to define an intercylinder space therebetween coaxial with said outer pressure vessel and said heat exchanger, said inner catalyst retainer being of smaller diameter than said outer catalyst retainer, and a bottom wall extending beneath said catalyst retainers and fixedly connecting said catalyst retainers to each other, said catalyst retainers and said bottom wall being spaced apart from the inner periphery of said outer pressure vessel, said granular catalyst being packed in the intercylinder space between said inner and outer catalyst retainers above said bottom wall; said cooling means comprises a cooling structure having a coolant inlet passage and a coolant outlet passage which both extend through said top cover of said outer pressure vessel, and a multiplicity of vertical cooling tubes which extend through said catalyst bed, said granular catalyst being packed around said cooling tubes, each of said cooling tubes being in communication with said coolant inlet passage and said coolant outlet passage so that a liquid coolant may be circulated through said cooling structure to absorb reaction heat generated in said catalyst bed; a cylindrical, gas-impermeable, outer, partition wall coaxial with said outer pressure vessel and located between said outer pressure vessel and said outer gas-permeable catalyst retainer and spaced therefrom and positioned so as to define a first outer gas flow passageway between said outer pressure vessel and said cylindrical outer partition wall and a second inner gas flow passageway between said cylindrical outer partition wall and said outer catalyst retainer, whereby the product gas from said catalyst bed is discharged through said outer catalyst retainer into said second inner gas flow passageway, flows through said second inner flow passageway and thence into the tubes of said heat exchanger, undergoes heat exchange with the gaseous feed materials, in said heat exchanger, thereby cooling the product gas, and then is fed through said first outer gas flow passageway to said product gas outlet formed on said outer pressure vessel.