[특허]Radar detection of hazardous small scale weather disturbances

Radar detection of hazardous small scale weather disturbances 원문보기

IPC분류정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	G01S-013/95
출원번호	US-0279453 (1988-12-05)
발명자 / 주소	Atlas David (7420 Westlake Ter. Bethesda MD 20817)
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 52 인용 특허 : 0

초록 ▼

The detection and warning of microbursts, low level wind shear, and other weather disturbances, which are hazardous to aircraft operations and to the public at large, are accomplished with either an airport surveillance radar (ASR) or a multi-beam Doppler radar. ASR Doppler systems normally operate to receive one of two relatively large vertical fan beams having different elevation angles but which overlap one another so that they have equal gains at an elevation angle, called the null, at a relatively low angle, for example 5°. Below this null, the low beam antenna gain exceeds that of the high beam, and conversely above it. Accordingly, by subtracting the high beam Doppler spectrum from that on the low beam, a Difference Doppler Spectrum (DDS) is produced which is positive below the null and negative above. The velocity bounds of the positive portion of the DDS provide the wind speed components at the null and at heights near the surface. These wind speed components are then utilized to measure and map radial and horizontal shear, the boundaries of the disturbance and other signatures such as vertical shear and turbulence and the rate of change of all the parameters, thereby permitting the detection of the location and track of the disturbance. A multi-beam Doppler radar can be utilized to perform similar functions of measuring the mean Doppler velocity, Doppler spectral breadth, and reflectivity simultaneously at all elevations. Both systems provide effective enhancements in signal to clutter ratio through pattern recognition and motion detection.

대표청구항 ▼

A method for detecting hazardous relatively small scale weather disturbances in an area of surveillance, comprising the steps of: radiating at least one Doppler radar beam toward a region of scatterers; receiving echo signals in at least first and second vertically overlapping beams from said scatterers in said first and second beams from a sequence of range bins, wherein the effective differential two way beam gain of said first and second beams is of a first polarity at all angles below a predetermined null level and a second polarity at all angles above said null level, wherein said null level corresponds to the elevation angle at which the effective two way gain of said first beam equals that of said second beam, and wherein said first and second polarities may be mathematically operated upon selectively to provide first and second parameters equivalent to said first and second polarities; determining a set of predetermined parameters which are functions of the mathematical characteristics of the Doppler velocity spectra corresponding to said first and second beams from said sequence of range bins; operating mathematically upon said set of parameters to produce at least one parameter which is a measure of the radial wind component along the direction of the beam and which corresponds to the wind speed at a height representative of the near surface wind speed; and providing at least one indication of the variation of the near surface winds speed with respect to range and azimuth as a signature of the weather disturbances including wind shear.

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Radar detection of hazardous small scale weather disturbances 원문보기

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