초록 ▼

In a process for the determination of the concentration of a substance dissolved in a solvent by means of an osmometer, comprising a two-chamber system with a first chamber having an osmosis cell and a second chamber for the measurement solution, to shorten the measurement time and to improve the se

In a process for the determination of the concentration of a substance dissolved in a solvent by means of an osmometer, comprising a two-chamber system with a first chamber having an osmosis cell and a second chamber for the measurement solution, to shorten the measurement time and to improve the separation of permeating components during the measurement of the concentration of the substances in the measurement solution, the pressure in the osmosis cell is held constant with an incompressible membrane arrangement, whereby with a pressure measurement apparatus in the second chamber after the replacement of a solvent, a reference solution or a calibration solution by a measurement solution, a pressure curve which corresponds to the concentrations of the nonpermeating substance and permeating substances or to the flows of the permeating substances between the osmosis cell and the second chamber is measured, and by analysis of the curve, the concentration of the nonpermeating and permeating substances in the measurement solution is determined. In one embodiment, the volume of the chamber containing the osmotic cell is varied in response to the pressure vs. time curve so as to maintain the volume flow of solvent through the membrane at substantially zero.

대표청구항 ▼

A process for testing a test solution, said test solution comprising a solvent and at least one solute dissolved in said solvent, said process employing a first chamber defining a first volume, a second chamber defining a second volume, said first volume being less than said second volume and a memb

A process for testing a test solution, said test solution comprising a solvent and at least one solute dissolved in said solvent, said process employing a first chamber defining a first volume, a second chamber defining a second volume, said first volume being less than said second volume and a membrane interposed between said first and second chambers, said process comprising the steps of: (a) introducing an osmometer solution into said first chamber; (b) introducing a reference solution into said second chamber; (c) determining a reference pressure P0 established in one of said first and second chambers; (d) replacing said reference solution in said second chamber with said test solution; (e) limiting the amount of fluid exchange between said first and second chambers to a value equalling approximately zero; (f) limiting the amount of deflection of said membrane to a preselected value; (g) maintaining a constant fluid pressure in one of said first and second chambers; (h) determining at least one pressure change characteristic occurring in the other of said first and second chambers; and (i) using said at least one determined pressure change characteristic to determine the concentration of said at least one solute dissolved in said solvent.