$\require{mediawiki-texvc}$

연합인증

연합인증 가입 기관의 연구자들은 소속기관의 인증정보(ID와 암호)를 이용해 다른 대학, 연구기관, 서비스 공급자의 다양한 온라인 자원과 연구 데이터를 이용할 수 있습니다.

이는 여행자가 자국에서 발행 받은 여권으로 세계 각국을 자유롭게 여행할 수 있는 것과 같습니다.

연합인증으로 이용이 가능한 서비스는 NTIS, DataON, Edison, Kafe, Webinar 등이 있습니다.

한번의 인증절차만으로 연합인증 가입 서비스에 추가 로그인 없이 이용이 가능합니다.

다만, 연합인증을 위해서는 최초 1회만 인증 절차가 필요합니다. (회원이 아닐 경우 회원 가입이 필요합니다.)

연합인증 절차는 다음과 같습니다.

최초이용시에는
ScienceON에 로그인 → 연합인증 서비스 접속 → 로그인 (본인 확인 또는 회원가입) → 서비스 이용

그 이후에는
ScienceON 로그인 → 연합인증 서비스 접속 → 서비스 이용

연합인증을 활용하시면 KISTI가 제공하는 다양한 서비스를 편리하게 이용하실 수 있습니다.

[미국특허] Apparatus for applying two-part surgical fasteners in laparoscopic or endoscopic procedures 원문보기

IPC분류정보
국가/구분 United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
  • A61B-017/068
출원번호 US-0253208 (1994-06-02)
발명자 / 주소
  • Green David T. (Westport CT) Bolanos Henry (East Norwalk CT) Kolesa Michael S. (Norwalk CT) Toso Kenneth (Port Chester NY)
출원인 / 주소
  • United States Surgical Corporation (Norwalk CT 02)
인용정보 피인용 횟수 : 163  인용 특허 : 0

초록

Apparatus is disclosed for applying two-part surgical fasteners during endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures. The apparatus includes a handle portion, an elongated endoscopic portion which extends from the handle portion, and structure associated with a distal end portion of the endoscopic portion f

대표청구항

Apparatus for endoscopic application of two-part surgical fasteners, each two-part surgical fastener including a fastener portion and a retainer portion, which comprises: a) a handle assembly; b) an endoscopic portion extending distally from said handle assembly and defining a longitudinal axis; c)

이 특허를 인용한 특허 (163) 인용/피인용 타임라인 분석

  1. Nicholas, David; Beardsley, John; Pribanic, Russell, Adapter assembly and loading units for surgical stapling devices.
  2. Jaworek, Gary S.; Koch, Jr., Robert L.; Auld, Michael D.; Kimsey, John S.; Baber, Daniel L.; Leimbach, Richard L.; Ulrich, Daniel J., Articulatable surgical instruments with conductive pathways for signal communication.
  3. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Yates, David C.; Baxter, III, Chester O.; Beckman, Andrew T., Charging system that enables emergency resolutions for charging a battery.
  4. Harris, Jason L.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Vendely, Michael J., Compressible adjuncts with bonding nodes.
  5. Williams, Justin, Curved guide member for articulating instruments.
  6. Sadowski, Magda; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Double fire stapling.
  7. Leimbach, Richard L.; Lytle, IV, Thomas W.; Sackett, Kevin D.; Overmyer, Mark D., Drive train control arrangements for modular surgical instruments.
  8. Aranyi, Ernest, Ejecting assembly for a surgical stapler.
  9. Leimbach, Richard L.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Schellin, Emily A., End effector detection and firing rate modulation systems for surgical instruments.
  10. Kortenbach, Juergen Andrew, End effector for use with a flexible endoscopic surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication.
  11. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Schmid, Katherine J.; Scheib, Charles J.; Aronhalt, Taylor W.; Swayze, Jeffrey S.; Contiliano, Joseph H.; Yang, Chunlin; Henderson, Cortney E.; Aldridge, Jeffrey L., End effector including an implantable arrangement.
  12. Kortenbach, Juergen A., Endoscopic instrument.
  13. Buesseler, Ryan K.; Hom, David B.; Erdman, Arthur G., Fastener deployment system.
  14. Buesseler, Ryan K.; Hom, David B.; Erdman, Arthur G., Fastener deployment system and method.
  15. Kortenbach Juergen Andrew, Flexible endoscopic surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication.
  16. Kortenbach Juergen Andrew, Flexible endoscopic surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication.
  17. Kortenbach, Juergen Andrew, Flexible endoscopic surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication.
  18. Kortenbach, Juergen Andrew, Flexible endoscopic surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication.
  19. Kortengbach, Juergen Andrew, Flexible endoscopic surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication.
  20. Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Implantable layer assemblies.
  21. Adams, Ronald, Implantable tissue fastener and system for treating a gastrointestinal tract.
  22. Adams Ronald, Implantable tissue fastener and system for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease.
  23. Adams, Ronald, Implantable tissue fastener and system for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease.
  24. Adams, Ronald, Implantable tissue fastener and system for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease.
  25. Ronald Adams, Implantable tissue fastener and system for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease.
  26. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw; Aranyi, Ernest; Scirica, Paul, In-situ loaded stapler.
  27. Farascioni, David, Knife bar for surgical instrument.
  28. Farascioni, David, Knife bar for surgical instrument.
  29. Farascioni, David, Knife bar for surgical instrument.
  30. Shah, Sachin, Knife lockout mechanisms for surgical instrument.
  31. Shah, Sachin, Knife lockout mechanisms for surgical instrument.
  32. Shah, Sachin, Knife/firing rod connection for surgical instrument.
  33. Shah, Sachin, Knife/firing rod connection for surgical instrument.
  34. Shah, Sachin, Knife/firing rod connection for surgical instrument.
  35. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Morgan, Jerome R., Manipulatable surgical systems with selectively articulatable fastening device.
  36. Shah, Sachin, Mechanically pivoting cartridge channel for surgical instrument.
  37. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Overmyer, Mark D.; Yates, David C.; Harris, Jason L., Mechanisms for compensating for drivetrain failure in powered surgical instruments.
  38. Adams, Ronald, Methods for treating a gastrointestinal tract.
  39. Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw; Marczyk, Stanislaw, Micro surgical instrument and loading unit for use therewith.
  40. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Micro surgical instrument and loading unit for use therewith.
  41. Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Motor-driven surgical instrument.
  42. Marczyk, Stanislaw; Grover, Simon R.; Ward, Alistair; Stacey, Gary, Multi-fire push rod stapling device.
  43. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw; Aranyi, Ernest; Scirica, Paul A.; Powers, William, Multi-use loading unit.
  44. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw; Aranyi, Ernie; Scirica, Paul; Powers, William, Multi-use loading unit.
  45. Marczyk, Stanislaw; Pribanic, Russell; Ross, Adam J.; Zemlok, Michael A., One handed stapler.
  46. Marczyk, Stanislaw; Pribanic, Russell; Ross, Adam J.; Zemlok, Michael A., One handed stapler.
  47. Czernik, Roman, Pivot mechanism for surgical device.
  48. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Harris, Jason L.; Beckman, Andrew T.; Baxter, III, Chester O., Power adapter for a surgical instrument.
  49. Aranyi, Ernie; Hessler, Tom, Shipping wedge.
  50. Aranyi, Ernie; Hessler, Tom, Shipping wedge.
  51. Shah, Sachin, Small diameter cartridge design for a surgical stapling instrument.
  52. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Small diameter endoscopic stapler.
  53. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Small diameter endoscopic stapler.
  54. Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Staple cartridges for forming staples having differing formed staple heights.
  55. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Staple formed over the wire wound closure procedure.
  56. Scirica, Paul; Olson, Lee, Stapler cartridge and channel interlock.
  57. Swayze, Jeffrey S.; Hueil, Joseph C.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Stapling assembly configured to produce different formed staple heights.
  58. Williams, Justin, Stapling device with features to prevent inadvertent firing of staples.
  59. Cappola, Kenneth M., Stapling device with grasping jaw mechanism.
  60. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Harris, Jason L., Stapling end effector configured to compensate for an uneven gap between a first jaw and a second jaw.
  61. Schmid, Katherine J.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Korvick, Donna L.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Stapling system comprising an adjunct and a flowable adhesive.
  62. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Baxter, III, Chester O.; Aronhalt, Taylor W.; Young, Joseph E., Stapling system including an actuation system.
  63. Cappola, Kenneth; Maffei, Frank; Olson, Lee Ann, Surgical apparatus.
  64. Beckman, Andrew T.; Nalagatla, Anil K.; Hibner, John A.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Surgical apparatus configured to assess whether a performance parameter of the surgical apparatus is within an acceptable performance band.
  65. Beckman, Andrew T.; Nalagatla, Anil K.; Koch, Jr., Robert L.; Hibner, John A.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Surgical apparatus configured to track an end-of-life parameter.
  66. Marczyk, Stanislaw, Surgical apparatus for applying tissue fasteners.
  67. Cappola, Kenneth; Aranyi, Ernie, Surgical apparatus with conductor strain relief.
  68. Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Surgical cutting and fastening instrument.
  69. Dhakad, Harshottam Singh; Agarwal, Manoj Kumar; Katre, Nikhil R.; Garikipati, Kiran; Varghese, Cinish P.; Gupta, Arvind Kumar; Vivekanandan, Vinayan, Surgical fastener applying aparatus.
  70. Gupta, Arvind Kumar; Dhakad, Harshottam Singh; Agarwal, Manoj Kumar; Katre, Nikhil R.; Vivekanandan, Vinayan, Surgical fastener applying apparatus.
  71. Gupta, Arvind Kumar; Katre, Nikhik R.; Garilkipati, Kiran; Perumal, Sekar; Shelke, Rajesh T.; Varghese, Cinish P.; Bueno, Richard Roland, Surgical fastener applying apparatus.
  72. Gurumurthy, Aditya Nanditale; Gupta, Arvind Kumar; Garikipati, Kiran; Dongala, Nagaraju; Katre, Nikhil R., Surgical fastener applying apparatus.
  73. Katre, Nikhil R.; Varghese, Cinish P.; Gupta, Arvind Kumar; Kapadia, Salman; Ambardekar, Sandeep H., Surgical fastener applying apparatus.
  74. Katre, Nikhil R.; Varghese, Cinish P.; Gupta, Arvind Kumar; Kapadia, Salman; Ambardekar, Sandeep H., Surgical fastener applying apparatus.
  75. Marczyk, Stanislaw, Surgical fastener applying apparatus.
  76. Patankar, Mangesh; Gupta, Arvind Kumar, Surgical fastener applying apparatus.
  77. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Swayze, Jeffrey S.; Baxter, III, Chester O., Surgical fastening apparatus with a rotary end effector drive shaft for selective engagement with a motorized drive system.
  78. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical fastening assembly.
  79. Cappola, Kenneth, Surgical instrument.
  80. Cappola, Kenneth, Surgical instrument.
  81. Cappola, Kenneth, Surgical instrument.
  82. Cappola, Kenneth, Surgical instrument.
  83. Cappola, Kenneth M., Surgical instrument.
  84. Cappola, Kenneth M., Surgical instrument.
  85. Cappola, Kenneth M.; Olson, Lee Ann; Maffei, Frank C., Surgical instrument and bushing.
  86. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical instrument and cartridge for use therewith.
  87. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical instrument and cartridge for use therewith.
  88. Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical instrument and cartridge for use therewith.
  89. Hessler, Thomas R.; Switalski, Christopher, Surgical instrument and cartridge members for use therewith.
  90. Farascioni, David; Kasvikis, Dino; Scirica, Paul A.; Racenet, Danyel; Robbins, Michael, Surgical instrument and loading unit for use therewith.
  91. Kortenbach, Juergen A., Surgical instrument and related methods.
  92. Yates, David C.; Huitema, Thomas W.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Surgical instrument comprising a control system.
  93. Parihar, Shailendra K.; Kimsey, John S.; Koch, Jr., Robert L.; Nalagatla, Anil K.; Nguyen, Anthony T., Surgical instrument comprising a gap setting system.
  94. Overmyer, Mark D.; Auld, Michael D.; Adams, Shane R.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Harris, Jason L., Surgical instrument comprising a lockable battery housing.
  95. Leimbach, Richard L.; Beckman, Andrew T.; Schultz, Darwin L.; Adams, Shane R., Surgical instrument comprising a rotatable shaft.
  96. Kortenbach, Juergen A., Surgical instrument for invagination and fundoplication.
  97. Beardsley, John W.; Marczyk, Stanislaw, Surgical instrument including a locking assembly.
  98. Kerr, Wendy A.; Lytle, IV, Thomas W.; Overmyer, Mark D.; Swensgard, Brett E.; Sackett, Kevin D.; Leimbach, Richard L.; Houser, Kevin L.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Surgical instrument system comprising lockable systems.
  99. Yates, David C.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Giordano, James R., Surgical instrument system for evaluating tissue impedance.
  100. Williams, Justin, Surgical instrument with actuator spring arm.
  101. Williams, Justin, Surgical instrument with actuator spring arm.
  102. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Baxter, III, Chester O., Surgical instrument with an anvil that is selectively movable about a discrete non-movable axis relative to a staple cartridge.
  103. Hunter, Morgan R.; Schultz, Darwin L.; Worthington, Sarah A.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Weaner, Lauren S.; Vendely, Michael J., Surgical instrument with articulating and axially translatable end effector.
  104. Srinivas, Jitendra Bhargava; Shankarsetty, Jeevan Maddur, Surgical instrument with articulation assembly.
  105. Cappola, Kenneth M., Surgical instrument with articulation mechanism.
  106. Cappola, Kenneth M.; Marini, Frank; Horn, Kenneth M., Surgical instrument with articulation mechanism.
  107. Cappola, Kenneth M.; Marini, Frank; Horn, Kenneth M., Surgical instrument with articulation mechanism.
  108. Hunter, Morgan R.; Schultz, Darwin L.; Dunki-Jacobs, Adam R.; Baxter, III, Chester O.; Swayze, Jeffrey S., Surgical instruments with tensioning arrangements for cable driven articulation systems.
  109. Adams, Shane R.; Yates, David C.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Harris, Jason L., Surgical shaft assemblies with watertight housings.
  110. Harris, Jason L.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Zeiner, Mark S.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Surgical staple and driver arrangements for staple cartridges.
  111. Murray, Michael A.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Hess, Christopher J.; Weisenburgh, II, William B.; Zwolinski, Andrew M., Surgical staple cartridge.
  112. Bucciaglia, Joseph D.; Granger, Richard N.; Lyle, Allison B.; Schneider, Robert E.; Smith, Robert J., Surgical stapler.
  113. Hemmann, Ronald, Surgical stapler flexible distal tip.
  114. Johnson, Paul Anthony; Edwards, Daniel Robert Morgan, Surgical stapler having cartridge with adjustable cam mechanism.
  115. Johnson, Paul Anthony; Edwards, Daniel Robert Morgan, Surgical stapler having cartridge with adjustable cam mechanism.
  116. Overmyer, Mark D.; Yates, David C.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Adams, Shane R.; Leimbach, Richard L., Surgical stapler having motor control based on an electrical parameter related to a motor current.
  117. Marczyk, Stanislaw; Grover, Simon, Surgical staples and end effectors for deploying the same.
  118. Aranyi, Ernest, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  119. Aranyi, Ernest; Slisz, Kevin Robert, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  120. Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth; Maffei, Frank C., Surgical stapling apparatus.
  121. Williams, Justin, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  122. Williams, Justin; Penna, Christopher; Olson, Lee Ann; Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth M.; Hessler, Thomas R.; Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  123. Williams, Justin; Penna, Christopher; Olson, Lee Ann; Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth M.; Hessler, Thomas R.; Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  124. Williams, Justin; Penna, Christopher; Olson, Lee Ann; Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth M.; Hessler, Thomas R.; Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  125. Williams, Justin; Penna, Christopher; Olson, Lee Ann; Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth M.; Hessler, Thomas R.; Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  126. Williams, Justin; Penna, Christopher; Olson, Lee Ann; Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth M.; Hessler, Thomas R.; Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  127. Williams, Justin; Penna, Christopher; Olson, Lee Ann; Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth M.; Hessler, Thomas R.; Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  128. Williams, Justin; Penna, Christopher; Olson, Lee Ann; Marczyk, Stanislaw; Cappola, Kenneth M.; Hessler, Thomas R.; Aranyi, Ernest; Kostrzewski, Stanislaw, Surgical stapling apparatus.
  129. Huang, Zhifan F.; Morgan, Jerome R.; Shelton, IV, Frederick E., Surgical stapling apparatus comprising a tissue stop.
  130. Marczyk, Stanislaw; Pribanic, Russell, Surgical stapling apparatus having articulation mechanism.
  131. Milliman, Keith L.; Viola, Frank J.; Orban, Joseph P.; Lehn, Randolph F., Surgical stapling apparatus including a drive beam.
  132. Milliman, Keith L.; Viola, Frank J.; Orban, Joseph P.; Lehn, Randolph F., Surgical stapling apparatus including sensing mechanism.
  133. Milliman, Keith L.; Viola, Frank J.; Orban, Joseph P.; Lehn, Randolph F., Surgical stapling apparatus including sensing mechanism.
  134. Milliman, Keith L.; Viola, Frank J.; Orban, Joseph P.; Lehn, Randolph F., Surgical stapling apparatus including sensing mechanism.
  135. Cappola, Kenneth M., Surgical stapling apparatus with firing lockout mechanism.
  136. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Setser, Michael E.; Weisenburgh, II, William B., Surgical stapling instrument with lockout features to prevent advancement of a firing assembly unless an unfired surgical staple cartridge is operably mounted in an end effector portion of the instrument.
  137. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  138. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  139. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  140. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  141. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  142. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  143. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  144. Holsten, Henry E.; Viola, Frank J.; Emmons, Clifford L.; Beardsley, John W.; Heinrich, Russell; Cullinan, Nicola, Surgical stapling instruments including a cartridge having multiple staples sizes.
  145. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Morgan, Jerome R., Surgical stapling instruments with rotatable staple deployment arrangements.
  146. Murthy Aravalli, AVVLN Srinivasa, Surgical stapling loading unit with stroke counter and lockout.
  147. Murthy Aravalli, AVVLN Srinivasa, Surgical stapling loading unit with stroke counter and lockout.
  148. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Harris, Jason L.; Yates, David C., System for controlling articulation forces.
  149. Wheeler, William K.; Mohan, Ashik A., Systems and methods of tissue closure.
  150. Wheeler, William K.; Mohan, Ashik A., Systems and methods of tissue closure.
  151. Shelton, IV, Frederick E.; Harris, Jason L.; Swensgard, Brett E.; Leimbach, Richard L.; Adams, Shane R.; Overmyer, Mark D., Time dependent evaluation of sensor data to determine stability, creep, and viscoelastic elements of measures.
  152. Kortenbach,Juergen A., Tissue fasteners and related methods.
  153. Farascioni, David, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  154. Farascioni, David, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  155. Farascioni, David, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  156. Farascioni, David, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  157. Farascioni, David, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  158. Farascioni, David, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  159. Marczyk, Stanislaw, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  160. Marczyk, Stanislaw, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  161. Marczyk, Stanislaw, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  162. Marczyk, Stanislaw, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.
  163. Marczyk, Stanislaw, Tissue stop for surgical instrument.

활용도 분석정보

상세보기
다운로드
내보내기

활용도 Top5 특허

해당 특허가 속한 카테고리에서 활용도가 높은 상위 5개 콘텐츠를 보여줍니다.
더보기 버튼을 클릭하시면 더 많은 관련자료를 살펴볼 수 있습니다.

섹션별 컨텐츠 바로가기

AI-Helper ※ AI-Helper는 오픈소스 모델을 사용합니다.

AI-Helper 아이콘
AI-Helper
안녕하세요, AI-Helper입니다. 좌측 "선택된 텍스트"에서 텍스트를 선택하여 요약, 번역, 용어설명을 실행하세요.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.

선택된 텍스트

맨위로