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An inspection apparatus and method is provided for inspecting external lead connectors in a grid array of an electronic package. The inspection apparatus includes a plurality of reflecting devices for directing a plurality of different oblique images to a partially reflective beam splitter, wherein

An inspection apparatus and method is provided for inspecting external lead connectors in a grid array of an electronic package. The inspection apparatus includes a plurality of reflecting devices for directing a plurality of different oblique images to a partially reflective beam splitter, wherein each of the plurality of images corresponds to a different perspective view of the grid array. The apparatus is further configured such that each of the plurality of images share a single, common X,Y coordinate system for describing point locations within each image. An image capturing device captures each oblique image from the beam splitter. By comparing the relative location of image points in at least two captured images, the spatial coordinates and physical parameters of each solder ball may be calculated. The calculated values are converted to absolute values and compared against predetermined values for determining whether the electronic package meets manufacturing standards.

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An inspection apparatus and method is provided for inspecting external lead connectors in a grid array of an electronic package. The inspection apparatus includes a plurality of reflecting devices for directing a plurality of different oblique images to a partially reflective beam splitter, wherein

An inspection apparatus and method is provided for inspecting external lead connectors in a grid array of an electronic package. The inspection apparatus includes a plurality of reflecting devices for directing a plurality of different oblique images to a partially reflective beam splitter, wherein each of the plurality of images corresponds to a different perspective view of the grid array. The apparatus is further configured such that each of the plurality of images share a single, common X,Y coordinate system for describing point locations within each image. An image capturing device captures each oblique image from the beam splitter. By comparing the relative location of image points in at least two captured images, the spatial coordinates and physical parameters of each solder ball may be calculated. The calculated values are converted to absolute values and compared against predetermined values for determining whether the electronic package meets manufacturing standards. rcuits, line width variations. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative phase of the source of parasitic radiation is determined by the length of the lines of the feed array. 4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed array is a symmetrical array. 5. Device for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic waves comprising at least one antenna with at least one radiating element transmitting and/or receiving signals of given polarization and a feed array produced in microstrip technology consisting of lines comprising bends giving parasitic radiation wherein in the case of a circularly polarized antenna, comprising at least two radiating elements, the lengths of lines Li (i=1,2), L'i (i=1,2) of the feed array formed of a T circuit with two bends are given by the following equations: L'2=L2+k1λ2/4k1=1,2,3 where L'2 and L2 are the two branches of the T; L'3 =L3+k2λ3/4k2=1,2,3 where L3 and L'3 are the lines connecting to the radiating elements, where λi represents the wavelength guided in the line of the feed array of length Li with: λi=30/(fεreff) with f: working frequency εreff: effective permittivity of the material for the portion of line of length Li, L'i. 6. Device according to claim 5, wherein the feed array is a symmetrical array. 7. Device according to claim 5, wherein the parasitic radiation is generated by discontinuities in the lines of the feed array, such as elbows, T circuits, line width variations. 8. Device according to claim 5, wherein the relative phase of the source of parasitic radiation is determined by the length of the lines of the feed array. tric sheet. 9. A radome having an etched copper film functioning as a frequency selective surface, the film made with reproducible precision to close tolerance with controlled undercut to provide substantially the same electrical performance from radome to radome by: (a) masking the film with photoresist; (b) patterning the photoresist to expose portions of the film where fine-line elements will be etched; (c) immersing the patterned mask and film in an aqueous etchant solution of cupric chloride and at least about 125 NaCl g/l and pH 3.6-3.8 for a period of time sufficient to etch the film in the exposed portions to achieve the fine-line elements to a line tolerance of at least about +0.25 mil; and (d) stripping the remaining photoresist to leave a patterned film. 10. A radome including a patterned copper film functioning as a frequency selective surface, the film having complex curvature, a nominal thickness of about 0.1 mil, and fine-line circuit elements with controlled undercut etched in the area of complex curvature to line widths ranging from about 3-10±0.25 mils, and at least one dielectric sheet to support the film, wherein the element is a Jerusalem Cross shape having a nominal line width of about 8 mil. 11. A radome including a patterned copper film functioning as a frequency selective surface, the film having complex curvature, a nominal thickness of about 0.1 mil, and fine-line circuit elements with controlled undercut etched in the area of complex curvature to line widths ranging from about 3-10±0.25 mils, and at least one dielectric sheet to support the film, wherein the elements are of at least two sizes. 12. The radome of claim 11 wherein the elements have a repeating unit cell illustrated in FIG. 2. one of the patches is slotted. 9. The antenna of claim 7 wherein at least one of the patches comprises two spaced-apart segments. 10. The antenna of claim 9 wherein the conductor is connected to only one of the two spaced-apart segments. 11. The antenna of claim 9 wherein the two segments are spaced apart by a serpentine gap. 12. The antenna of claim 7 wherein the antenna feed comprises a signal feed coupled to at least one of the patches and a ground coupled to the conductor. 13. An antenna comprising: first and second conductive patches having respective first edges separated by a gap and respective second edges; at least one conductor joining the respective second edges of the first and second patches, the conductor being routed in a loop away from the patches in a direction perpendicular thereto; an antenna feed coupled to at least one of the patches; and a filter having first and second ports, the conductor joining the second edge of the first patch to the first port of the filter and joining the second edge of the second patch to the second port of the filter. 14. An electronic device comprising: electronic circuitry for receiving or transmitting an electromagnetic signal; a housing enclosing the electronic circuitry; an antenna electrically coupled to the electronic circuitry, the antenna comprising first and second conductive patches disposed proximate to a first surface of the housing having respective first edges separated by a gap and respective second edges, the antenna further comprising at least one conductor joining the respective second edges of the first and second patches, the conductor routed proximate to a second surface of the housing opposite the first surface and spaced apart therefrom; and wherein the conductor is one of a plurality of spaced apart conductors, each joining the respective second edges of the first and second patches and routed proximate to the second surface. 15. The electronic device of claim 14 wherein at least one of the patches is slotted. 16. The electronic device of claim 14 wherein at least one of the patches comprises two spaced-apart segments. 17. The electronic device of claim 16 wherein the conductor is connected to only one of the two-spaced apart segments. 18. The electronic device of claim 16 wherein the two segments are spaced apart by a serpentine gap. 19. The electronic device of claim 14 further comprising an antenna feed coupled to at least one of the patches. 20. The electronic device of claim 19 wherein the antenna feed comprises a signal feed coupled to at least one of the patches and a ground coupled to the conductor. 21. An electronic device comprising: electronic circuitry for receiving or transmitting an electromagnetic signal; a housing enclosing the electronic circuitry; an antenna electrically coupled to the electronic circuitry, the antenna comprising first and second conductive patches disposed proximate to a first surface of the housing having respective first edges separated by a gap and respective second edges, the antenna further comprising at least one conductor joining the respective second edges of the first and second patches, the conductor routed proximate to a second surface of the housing opposite the first surface and spaced apart therefrom; wherein the first and second conductive patches comprise one of a plurality of pairs of conductive patches, each pair disposed proximate to the first surface and having respective first edges separated by a gap and at least one conductor routed proximate to the second surface joining respective second edges of the pair of patches; and wherein at least one of the pairs of patches is oriented orthogonally to another of the pairs of patches. 22. The electronic device of claim 21 wherein at least one of the patches is slotted. 23. The electronic device of claim 21 wherein at least one of the patches comprises two spaced-apart segments. 24. The electronic device of claim 23 wherein the c onductor is connected to only one of the two-spaced apart segments. 25. The electronic device of claim 23 wherein the two segments are spaced apart by a serpentine gap. 26. The electronic device of claim 21 further comprising an antenna feed coupled to at least one of the patches. 27. The electronic device of claim 26 wherein the antenna feed comprises a signal feed coupled to at least one of the patches and a ground coupled to the conductor. 28. An electronic device comprising: electronic circuitry for receiving or transmitting an electromagnetic signal; a housing enclosing the electronic circuitry; an antenna electrically coupled to the electronic circuitry, the antenna comprising first and second conductive patches disposed proximate to a first surface of the housing having respective first edges separated by a gap and respective second edges, the antenna further comprising at least one conductor joining the respective second edges of the first and second patches, the conductor routed proximate to a second surface of the housing opposite the first surface and spaced apart therefrom; and a filter having first and second ports, the conductor joining the second edge of the first patch to the first port of the filter and joining the second edge of the second patch to the second port of the filter. 29. An antenna comprising: first and second conductive patches having respective first edges separated by a gap and respective second edges, at least one of the patches comprising two spaced-apart segments; at least one conductor joining the respective second edges of the first and second patches, the conductor being connected to only one of the two spaced-apart segments and the conductor being routed in a loop away from the patches in a direction perpendicular thereto; and an antenna feed coupled to at least one of the patches. 30. The antenna of claim 29 wherein the two segments are spaced apart by a serpentine gap. 31. An electronic device comprising: electronic circuitry for receiving or transmitting an electromagnetic signal; a housing enclosing the circuitry; and an antenna electrically coupled to the electronic circuitry, the antenna comprising first and second conductive patches disposed proximate to a first surface of the housing having respective first edges, at least one of the patches comprising two spaced-apart segments, the antenna further comprising at least one conductor joining the respective second edges of the first and second patches, the conductor being connected to only one of the two spaced-apart segments and the conductor being routed proximate to a second surface of the housing opposite the first surface and spaced apart therefrom. 32. The electronic device of claim 31 wherein the two segments are spaced apart by a serpentine gap. 33. The electronic device of claim 31 further comprising an antenna feed coupled to at least one of the patches. 34. The electronic device of claim 33 wherein the antenna feed comprises a signal feed coupled to at least one of the patches and a ground coupled to the conductor. 8902, WO; WO99/006390, WO; WO99/006431, WO; WO99/006432, WO; WO99/006433, WO; WO99/006434, WO; WO99/006435, WO; WO99/006436, WO; WO99/006437, WO; WO99/010312, WO; WO99/010313, WO; WO99/020272, WO; WO99/026921, WO; WO99/026922, WO; WO99/026945, WO; WO99/030709, WO; WO99/031061, WO; WO99/031099, WO; WO99/032457, WO; WO99/035163, WO; WO99/036393, WO; WO99/037618, WO; WO99/043642, WO; WO99/044994, WO; WO99/048879, WO; WO99/052879, WO; WO99/052896, WO; WO99/052898, WO; WO99/060015, WO; WO99/061465, WO; WO99/064395, WO; WO99/067230, WO; WO 00/00486, WO; WO 00/01383, WO; WO 00/06169, WO; WO 00/07544, WO; WO 00/17197, WO; WO 00/20396, WO; WO 00/31067, WO; WO 00/35855, WO; WO 00/73260, WO