The present invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids. More particularly, the invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluid compositions comprising the combination of a trialkoxyalkyl-phosphate, a diluent selected from the group consisting of a natural triglyceride, a synthetic este
The present invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids. More particularly, the invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluid compositions comprising the combination of a trialkoxyalkyl-phosphate, a diluent selected from the group consisting of a natural triglyceride, a synthetic ester, and a polypropylene glycol, and a high molecular weight polymer.
대표청구항▼
The present invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids. More particularly, the invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluid compositions comprising the combination of a trialkoxyalkyl-phosphate, a diluent selected from the group consisting of a natural triglyceride, a synthetic este
The present invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids. More particularly, the invention relates to fire-resistant hydraulic fluid compositions comprising the combination of a trialkoxyalkyl-phosphate, a diluent selected from the group consisting of a natural triglyceride, a synthetic ester, and a polypropylene glycol, and a high molecular weight polymer. thioether groups, thiazole groups, thiocyanine groups, thiol groups, thourenium groups, amino groups, polyethylene imine groups, derivatives thereof, and combinations thereof. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein the adsorbent material is a crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having immobilized dithiocarbamate groups bound thereto. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the adsorbent material is a macroporous polyacrylic resin having immobilized dithiocarbamate groups bound thereto. 21. The method of claim 1, wherein the adsorbent material is an inorganic matrix selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, titania, clays, zeolites, and zirconia, said inorganic matrix having immobilized mercury-selective groups bound thereto. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein said immobilized mercury-selective adsorbing groups are resistant to oxidation. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein the mercury-selective adsorbing groups are selected from the group consisting of dithiocarbamate groups, thiophene groups, thioether groups, thiazole groups, thiocyanine groups, thiol groups, thiourenium groups, amino groups, polyethylene imine groups, derivative thereof, and combinations thereof. 24. A method of disposing of water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: (a) treating said water with an excess amount of an oxidizing agent to generate free mercury ions from elemental and complexed mercury to produce pretreated water; (b) removing an effluent stream of pretreated water; (c) passing the effluent stream of pretreated water through a mercury-selective adsorbent material to produce an effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content; and (d) discharging the effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content to a disposal site. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the adsorbent material is a porous resin having immobilized mercury-selective chelating groups bound thereto. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the adsorbent material is a crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having immobilized dithiocarbamate groups bound thereto. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of hypochlorite, hypobromite, iodinates, chlorine dioxide, brominating agents, hydrogen peroxide, Fenton's reagent, and ozone. 28. A method of disposing water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: a) treating said water with an excess of an oxidizing agent to generate free mercury ions from elemental and complexed mercury to produce pretreated water; b) treating the pretreated water with an amount of a mild reducing agent sufficient to neutralize substantially all unreacted oxidizing agent present in the pretreated water; c) passing the pretreated water from step (b) through a column of mercury-selective adsorbent material to produce an effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content; d) determining a concentration of said mercury-containing contaminants in the effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content; e) discharging the effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content to a disposal site if the concentration of mercury-containing contaminants in the effluent stream of water is below a predetermined level; and f) returning the effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content to the reaction chamber of step (a) for further treatment if theconcentration of mercury-containing contaminants in the effluent stream of water is above the predetermined level. 29. A method of disposing water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: a) treating said water with an excess of an oxidizing agent to generate free mercury ions from elemental and complexed mercury to produce pretreated water; b) treating the pretreated water with an amount of a mild reducing agent sufficient to neutralize substantially all unreacted oxidizing agent present in the pretreated water; c) passing the pretreated water into a vessel containing a mercury-selective adsorbent material; d) withdrawing an effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content from the vessel; e) determining a concentration of mercury-containing contaminants in the effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content; f) discharging the effluent stream of said water having a reduced mercury content to a disposal site if the concentration of mercury-containing contaminants in the effluent stream of water is below a predetermined level; and g) returning the effluent stream of water having a reduced mercury content for further treatment if the concentration of mercury-containing contaminants in the effluent stream of water is above the predetermined level. 30. A method of removing mercury from water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: (a) treating said water with an excess amount of an oxidizing agent at a temperature between 60° F. and 90° F. to generate free mercury ions from elemental and complexed mercury to produce pretreated water; and (b) treating the pretreated water with a mercury-selective adsorbent material. 31. A method of removing mercury from water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: (a) treating said water with an excess amount of an oxidizing agent to generate free mercury ions from elemental and complexed mercury to produce pretreated water; and (b) treating the pretreated water with a mercury-selective adsorbent material to produce water containing less than 1 ppb mercury. 32. A method of removing mercury from water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: (a) treating said water with an excess amount of an oxidizing agent for a time between 5 minutes and 30 minutes to generate free mercury ions from elemental and complexed mercury to produce pretreated water; and (b) treating the pretreated water with a mercury-selective adsorbent material. 33. A method of removing mercury from water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: (a) treating said water with an excess amount of an oxidizing agent to generate free mercury ions from elemental and complexed mercury to produce pretreated water; b) treating the pretreated water with an amount of a mild reducing agent sufficient to neutralize substantially all unreacted oxidizing agent present in the pretreated water; and (c) treating the pretreated water with a mercury-selective adsorbent material. 34. A method of removing mercury from water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: (a) treating said water with an excess amount of an oxidizing agent sufficiently strong to oxidize elemental mercury to ionic mercury and release complexed mercury ions into solution as a non-complexed ionic form to produce pretreated water; and (b) treating the pretreated water with a mercury-selective adsorbent material. 35. A method of removing mercury from water containing at least elemental and complexed mercury-containing contaminants, comprising the steps of: (a) treating said water with an excess amount of an oxidizing agent to oxidize elemental mercury and release complexed mercury thereby producing pretreated water containing free mercury ions; and (b) treating the pretreated water with a mercury-selective adsorbent material to remove said ions.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (13)
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