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An outboard motor comprises an engine mounted within an engine compartment. The engine comprises an induction system having a throttle valve that controls the flow of air through the induction system. The engine also comprises a fuel injection system that controls the amount of fuel supplied to the

An outboard motor comprises an engine mounted within an engine compartment. The engine comprises an induction system having a throttle valve that controls the flow of air through the induction system. The engine also comprises a fuel injection system that controls the amount of fuel supplied to the engine. The amount of fuel injected into the engine is substantially reduced if the throttle valve rapidly close and a transmission of the outboard motor is engaged. If the transmission of the outboard motor is disengaged when the throttle valve rapidly closes, the amount of fuel injected into the engine is reduced to a lesser degree.

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An outboard motor comprises an engine mounted within an engine compartment. The engine comprises an induction system having a throttle valve that controls the flow of air through the induction system. The engine also comprises a fuel injection system that controls the amount of fuel supplied to the

An outboard motor comprises an engine mounted within an engine compartment. The engine comprises an induction system having a throttle valve that controls the flow of air through the induction system. The engine also comprises a fuel injection system that controls the amount of fuel supplied to the engine. The amount of fuel injected into the engine is substantially reduced if the throttle valve rapidly close and a transmission of the outboard motor is engaged. If the transmission of the outboard motor is disengaged when the throttle valve rapidly closes, the amount of fuel injected into the engine is reduced to a lesser degree. ut/output shaft crank to the offset of the second crankshaft crank, to cause the expansion stroke to be substantially longer than the intake or compression stroke. 5. An apparatus as described in claim 1, when operated as an internal combustion engine, which will produce both a moment about the output shaft axis which is greater throughout the expansion stroke than that of a conventional engine of equivalent intake stroke and an expansion stroke which is longer than that of said conventional engine. 6. An apparatus as described in claim 1, when operated as an internal combustion engine, in which the angular relationship between the input/output shaft and the second crankshaft is capable of being altered to vary the compression ratio. 7. An apparatus as described in claim 1, when operated as an internal combustion engine, in which high compression ratios are capable of being employed without impediment of flow or interference between the piston and valves. 8. An apparatus as described in claim 1, when operated to urge a fluid, which causes the piston to move more slowly on the stroke decreasing cylinder volume than the stroke increasing said cylinder volume. 9. An apparatus as described in claim 1 which, when operated as a compressor, enables two stage operation with a single cylinder and a single acting piston. 10. A machine comprising at least one piston reciprocating in a cylinder, said piston having four strokes of variable lengths, wherein the length of the expansion stroke is greater than the length of the other strokes and said piston both stops and starts in motion again four times, creating four strokes of the piston in one revolution of the input/output shaft. 11. An apparatus as described in claim 10, which is capable of being configured by a drive means to cause the top dead center position of the piston on its compression stroke to occur when the thrust line from the connecting rod attachment at said piston to the point of application of force to the input/output shaft is offset from the axis of said input/output shaft so as to produce a substantial moment arm. 12. An apparatus as described in claim 10, which is capable of being configured by said drive means and ratio of the offset of the input/output shaft crank to the offset of the second crankshaft crank to cause the expansion stroke to be substantially longer than the intake or compression stroke. 13. An apparatus as described in claim 10, which will produce both a moment about the input/output shaft axis which is greater throughout the expansion stroke than that of a conventional engine of equivalent intake stroke and an expansion stroke which is longer than that of said conventional engine. 14. An apparatus as described in claim 10 wherein the angular relationship between the input/output shaft and the second crankshaft is capable of being altered to vary the compression ratio. 15. An apparatus as described in claim 10 wherein high compression ratios are capable of being employed without impediment of flow or interference between the piston and valves. rs can have different diameters and widths.