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In a method for the production of carbon dioxide, an oxygen-containing first process gas is flowed along a cathode side of a first oxygen selective ion transport membrane. The membrane is at operating conditions effective to transport a first permeate oxygen portion from the cathode side to an oppos

In a method for the production of carbon dioxide, an oxygen-containing first process gas is flowed along a cathode side of a first oxygen selective ion transport membrane. The membrane is at operating conditions effective to transport a first permeate oxygen portion from the cathode side to an opposite anode side. A carbon-containing second process gas is flowed along the anode side at a flow rate effective to provide a stoichiometric surplus of oxygen on combination with the first permeate oxygen portion. A first mixture of a second process gas and the first permeate oxygen portion is combusted such that substantially all of the second process gas is converted into a second mixture of water and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is separated from such second mixture.

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In a method for the production of carbon dioxide, an oxygen-containing first process gas is flowed along a cathode side of a first oxygen selective ion transport membrane. The membrane is at operating conditions effective to transport a first permeate oxygen portion from the cathode side to an oppos

In a method for the production of carbon dioxide, an oxygen-containing first process gas is flowed along a cathode side of a first oxygen selective ion transport membrane. The membrane is at operating conditions effective to transport a first permeate oxygen portion from the cathode side to an opposite anode side. A carbon-containing second process gas is flowed along the anode side at a flow rate effective to provide a stoichiometric surplus of oxygen on combination with the first permeate oxygen portion. A first mixture of a second process gas and the first permeate oxygen portion is combusted such that substantially all of the second process gas is converted into a second mixture of water and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is separated from such second mixture. let port, inlet pathway, reaction chamber and product outlet port comprises an opening through at least one simple plate aligned with at least a portion of an opening through an adjacent simple plate. 3. The reactor of claim 2, wherein said simple plates comprise a material selected from the group consisting of crystalline wafers, ceramics, glasses; polymers, composite materials and metals. 4. The reactor of claim 3, wherein said simple plates are fabricated from a stainless steel. 5. The reactor of claim 3, wherein the material used for the crystalline wafers is selected from the group consisting of silicon and germanium. 6. The reactor of claim 2, wherein openings in said simple plates are configured to accommodate carrying out a plurality of operations that affect the chemical process. 7. The reactor of claim 6, wherein said plurality of operations includes at least one of controlling a temperature, controlling a chemical residence time, mixing the chemicals, and reacting the chemicals. 8. The reactor of claim 7, wherein at least one of the simple plates operates as a heat exchanger to control the temperature of at least one of the chemicals within the reactor. 9. The reactor of claim 7, wherein said reactor includes an opening through at least one of the simple plates that comprises a mixing pathway, said opening comprising the mixing pathway being sized so that at least one of the chemicals achieves a stacked laminar flow through the mixing pathway with respect to at least one other of the chemicals, said mixing pathway being in fluid communication with an inlet pathway corresponding to each of said at least two chemicals, and in fluid communication to said reaction chamber. 10. A chemical reactor for processing at least two reactants to form a desired chemical product, comprising: (a) a stack of simple plates, including two outer simple plates and at least one intermediate simple plate; (b) at least two inlet openings for receiving the reactants, such that each different reactant is directed into a different inlet opening, and an outlet opening for discharging the chemical product, each inlet opening and said outlet opening being formed in at least one of the outer simple plates; and (c) an opening through at least one intermediate simple plate forming a reaction chamber, said reaction chamber being in fluid communication with each inlet opening for receiving the reactants, said at least two reactants mixing in said chemical reactor and reacting therein to produce the chemical product, said reaction chamber also being in fluid communication with the outlet opening, so that said chemical product is discharged from the chemical reactor through the outlet opening. 11. The chemical reactor of claim 10, further comprising: (a) a first heat exchange fluid inlet port and a first heat exchange fluid outlet port through which a first heat transfer fluid is introduced into and discharged from the chemical reactor, said first heat exchange fluid inlet port and said first heat exchange fluid outlet port being disposed in at least one of the simple plates; and (b) a first heat exchanger defined by an opening in at least one intermediate simple plate in the stack and by adjacent simple plates disposed on opposite sides of said opening, said opening being in fluid communication with the first heat exchange fluid inlet port and the first heat exchange fluid outlet port. 12. The chemical reactor of claim 11, wherein said first heat exchanger is used to modify the temperature of at least one of the reactants and a chemical product produced as a result of mixing said at least two reactants. 13. The chemical reactor of claim 11, further comprising: (a) a second heat exchange fluid inlet port and a second heat exchange fluid outlet port through which a second heat transfer fluid is introduced into and discharged from the chemical reactor, said second heat exchange fluid inlet port and said second heat exchange fluid outlet po