초록 ▼

Candles are disclosed that include a wick, a first phase and a second phase. In one embodiment, the first phase is substantially clear and has a first melting point, the second phase is visually distinct from the first phase and has a second melting point, and the second melting point is greater tha

Candles are disclosed that include a wick, a first phase and a second phase. In one embodiment, the first phase is substantially clear and has a first melting point, the second phase is visually distinct from the first phase and has a second melting point, and the second melting point is greater than or about equal to the first melting point. In another embodiment, the first phase contains a first concentration of gellant in first solvent, the second phase contains a second concentration of gellant in second solvent, and the first and second concentrations are non-identical. In another embodiment, the first and second phases each contain gellant, however the second phase contains components not present in the first phase.

대표청구항 ▼

Candles are disclosed that include a wick, a first phase and a second phase. In one embodiment, the first phase is substantially clear and has a first melting point, the second phase is visually distinct from the first phase and has a second melting point, and the second melting point is greater tha

Candles are disclosed that include a wick, a first phase and a second phase. In one embodiment, the first phase is substantially clear and has a first melting point, the second phase is visually distinct from the first phase and has a second melting point, and the second melting point is greater than or about equal to the first melting point. In another embodiment, the first phase contains a first concentration of gellant in first solvent, the second phase contains a second concentration of gellant in second solvent, and the first and second concentrations are non-identical. In another embodiment, the first and second phases each contain gellant, however the second phase contains components not present in the first phase. the full length of the catheter that becomes inserted in the patients vasculature. 8. A method according to claim 1 wherein the heat exchange apparatus is placed in the patient's venous vasculature. 9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the heat exchange apparatus is placed in the patient's vena cava. 10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the heat exchange apparatus is placed in the patient's inferior vena cava. 11. A method according to claim 9 wherein the heat exchange apparatus is placed in the patient's superior vena cava. 12. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of: (B) reversing the platelet inhibition by re-warming the patient to a temperature at which platelet inhibition no longer occurs. 13. A method according to claim 1 wherein at least one surface projection is formed on the heat exchanger to increase the effective heat exchange surface area of the heat exchanger. 14. A method according to claim 13 wherein the at least one surface projection comprises a fin. 15. A method according to claim 14 wherein said fin comprises a raised area on at least a blood-contacting surface of the heat exchanger. 16. A method according to claim 14 wherein said fin comprises a ridge. 17. A method according to claim 14 wherein said fin comprises a bulge. 18. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of: c. ceasing the use of the heat exchange apparatus to cool at least a portion of the patient's body; and, d. removing the heat exchange apparatus from the patient's body. 19. A method according to claim 1 wherein the method is carried out in a patient who been diagnosed with unstable angina. 20. A method according to claim 1 wherein the method is carried out in a patient who has been diagnosed with non-Q wave myocardial infarction. 21. A method according to claim 1 wherein the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger through which heat exchange fluid is circulated. 22. A method according to claim 21 wherein said heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange balloon. 23. A method according to claim 22 wherein the balloon is a single-lobed balloon. 24. A method according to claim 22 wherein the balloon is a multi-lobed balloon. 25. A method according to claim 1 wherein the heat exchange apparatus comprises a heat exchanger that is metallic. 26. A method according to claim 1 wherein the method is carried out without concomitant administration to the patient of platelet inhibiting drugs or other platelet inhibiting therapies. 27. A method according to claim 1 wherein at least Step b is carried out concurrently with treatment of the patient by platelet inhibiting drugs. 28. A method according to claim 1 wherein at least Step B is carried out concurrently with the presence within the patient's body of a platelet-inhibiting amount of at least one drug selected from the group consisting of: aspirin; non-steroidal antiinflamatories; ticlopidine; anticoagulants; heparin; warfarin; GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors; abcixmab; tirofiban; and, possible combinations thereof. 29. A method according to claim 28 wherein the platelet inhibiting effect of the drug is enhanced by the concurrent application of intravascular hypothermia. 30. A method according to claim 1 wherein the heat exchange apparatus is placed in contact with blood that reached the heart soon after exchanging heat with the heat exchange apparatus so that the temperature of the heart is selectively altered. 31. A method according to claim 1 wherein the unanesthetized patient has not been medicated to deter shivering and wherein Step b is carried out until the patient's core body temperature is lowered to a temperature at which platelet inhibition occurs but is above the temperature at which substantial shivering occurs. 32. A method according to claim 1 wherein the heat exchange catheter is a balloon catheter wherein said heat exchange region is a balloon having a balloon with an interior space and an exterior surface, said exte rior surface in heat exchange proximity with the blood flowing past said heat exchange region when said catheter is placed in contact with blood flowing to the heart, said balloon catheter having a shaft, said shaft having an inflow lumen and an outflow lumen, said inflow lumen in fluid communication with the interior space of said balloon, said outflow lumen in fluid communication with said interior space of said balloon, and including the additional step of circulating heat exchange fluid in said inflow lumen and out said outflow lumen. 33. A method according to claim 1 comprising the additional step of sensing the temperature of the patient, and adjusting the step of exchanging heat with the blood in response to the temperature sensed. 34. A method according to claim 33 wherein the temperature sensed is the temperature of the patient's blood at a location that is not within heat exchange proximity to the intravascular heat exchange apparatus. 35. A method according to claim 33 wherein the temperature sensed is the patient's body temperature as measured at the patient's tympanic membrane. 36. A method according to claim 33 wherein the temperature sensed is the patient's rectal temperature. 37. A method according to claim 33 wherein the temperature sensed is representative of the whole body temperature of the patient. 38. A method according to claim 33 comprising the additional steps of selecting a target temperature, maintaining the patient at said target temperature when said temperature is reached. 39. A method according to claim 38 comprising the additional steps of adding heat when the sensed temperature is below the target temperature, and removing heat from the blood when the sensed temperature is above the target temperature. 40. A method for inhibiting platelet activation, aggregation or adhesion an unanesthetized in a human or veterinary patient, said method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a catheter that is insertable into the patient's vasculature and has a heat exchanger for cooling the patient's blood; (b) inserting the catheter into the patient's vasculature; and, (c) using the heat exchanger to cool the patient's blood sufficiently to inhibit platelet activation, aggregation or adhesion. 41. A method according to claim 40 wherein the unanesthetized patient's blood is cooled to a temperature between approximately 30° C. and approximately 36° C. 42. A method according to claim 40 wherein it is desired to inhibit platelet activation, aggregation or adhesion in the coronary vasculature and wherein the heat exchanger is positioned in the vena cava or right atrium so as to cool venous blood entering the heart. 43. A method according to claim 42 wherein the unanesthetized patient is suffering from unstable angina non-Q wave myocardial infarction and wherein step C is continued until a hypothermic treatment terminating event occurs, said terminating event being selected from the group consisting of: i. initiation of antiplatelet drug therapy; ii. successful completion of an angioplasty or other catheter based interventional procedure; iii. induction of whole body hypothermia in preparation for the performance of coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass; iv. successful completion of coronary artery bypass surgery without whole body hypothermia or cardiopulmonary bypass; and, v. possible combinations of such events. 44. A method according to claim 40 wherein the patient is suffering from cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism or a transient ischemic attack and wherein Step C is continued until a hypothermic treatment terminating event occurs, said terminating event being selected from the group consisting of: i. initiation of antiplatelet drug therapy; ii. successful completion of an interventional procedure which obviates the clinical indication for ongoing platelet inhibition; iii. successful completion of a surgical procedure which obviates the clinical indication for o ngoing platelet inhibition; and, iv. spontaneous stabilization of the condition so as to render platelet inhibition no longer indicated.