Apparatus, systems and methods for processing and treating a biological fluid with light
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
A61L-002/00
A61L-009/00
A61M-001/14
출원번호
US-0325325
(1999-06-03)
발명자
/ 주소
Hanley, Kathleen A.
Cimino, George D.
Stark, Peter R. H.
Power, Wendy M.
Franzosa, Paul A.
Homza Stark, Daniela
Beittel, David F.
Metzel, Peyton S.
출원인 / 주소
Baxter International Inc., Cerus Corporation
대리인 / 주소
Mayo, MichaelSerewicz, DeniseKolomayets, Andrew
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
29인용 특허 :
121
초록▼
Apparatus, systems and methods are disclosed for treating a biological fluid with light. A container of biological fluid is introduced into a fluid treatment chamber where it is contacted with light provided by one or more light sources in proximity to the fluid treatment chamber. A drawer for holdi
Apparatus, systems and methods are disclosed for treating a biological fluid with light. A container of biological fluid is introduced into a fluid treatment chamber where it is contacted with light provided by one or more light sources in proximity to the fluid treatment chamber. A drawer for holding containers of biological fluid introduces the containers into the chamber. Containers for holding the biological fluid are marked by the apparatus to indicate the status of the treatment.
대표청구항▼
Apparatus, systems and methods are disclosed for treating a biological fluid with light. A container of biological fluid is introduced into a fluid treatment chamber where it is contacted with light provided by one or more light sources in proximity to the fluid treatment chamber. A drawer for holdi
Apparatus, systems and methods are disclosed for treating a biological fluid with light. A container of biological fluid is introduced into a fluid treatment chamber where it is contacted with light provided by one or more light sources in proximity to the fluid treatment chamber. A drawer for holding containers of biological fluid introduces the containers into the chamber. Containers for holding the biological fluid are marked by the apparatus to indicate the status of the treatment. ogether by a washer, one of said two legs having a protrusion such that when the other of said two legs is driven, said other of said two legs will spread by riding on said protrusion, said method comprising: pressing a nail stock having a round shank with a tip at one end thereof and a head at the other end thereof, except a portion of said nail stock near said tip, to form a trunk portion having a semicircular section, said head into a head portion, and said tip into a tip portion; and forming said portion near said tip into said protrusion, thereby forming said one of said two legs. 14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said portion near said tip is pressed from both sides to form said protrusion protruding from a flat surface of said trunk portion. 15. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said protrusion has a height equal to or larger than its width. 16. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said trunk portion has a width larger than a width of said protrusion. 17. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said protrusion has tapered surfaces at both sides thereof. 18. A nail manufactured by the method as claimed in claim 13. 19. A method of manufacturing a nail comprising two legs bound together by a washer, one of said two legs having a protrusion such that when the other of said two legs is driven, said other of said two legs will spread by riding on said protrusion, said method comprising pressing a semicircular rod stock, except a portion thereof, to form a head at one end of said semicircular rod stock, a tip portion at the other end of said semicircular rod stock, and said protrusion between said portion and said tip portion. 20. The method as claimed in claim 19, wherein said protrusion has a height equal to or larger than its width. 21. The method as claimed in claim 19, wherein said trunk portion has a width larger than a width of said protrusion. 22. The method as claimed in claim 19, wherein said protrusion has tapered surfaces at both sides thereof. 23. A nail manufactured by the method as claimed in claim 19. tantially parallel with the shaft. 5. A method according to claim 1 wherein suction is applied in dependence upon the instantaneous output power of the generator, thereby to prevent quenching of the vapour pocket. 6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the electrodes are located on the instrument shaft. 7. A method according to claim 6 wherein the agitated electrode is located in the aperture, and is agitated by a cyclic motion thereof within the aperture. 8. A method of operating an electrosurgical system comprising an electrosurgical generator which generates an oscillating radio frequency voltage across a pair of output terminals, an electrosurgical instrument having a pair of electrodes supported relative to an instrument shaft, and a channel extending from an aperture located in the region of at least one of the electrodes, for the aspiration of waste products from a treatment site, the electrodes being connected to the output terminals of the generator, the method comprising the steps of: immersing the electrodes of the instrument in an electrically conductive fluid supplied to the treatment site; applying, with the generator, a radio frequency oscillating voltage across the electrodes, causing an electrical current to flow through the conductive fluid, and boiling the fluid in the region of the electrodes thereby creating a vapour pocket; manipulating the instrument shaft to cause tissue at the treatment site to encroach in the vapour pocket to thereby vapourise or cut said tissue; applying suction to aspirate waste products along the shaft and away from the treatment site; and morcellating tissue which is bridging the aperture by agitating one of the electrodes relative to the aperture thereby to agitate the vapour pocket, wherein morcellation of said bridging tissue occurs as a result of the agitation of the vapour pocket causing bridging tissue to encroach within the vapour pocket, and wherein agitation of the electrode is provided by a cyclical motion of the electrode within the aperture of the channel provided in the instrument shaft. 9. A method according to claim 8 wherein suction is applied in dependence upon the instantaneous output of the electrosurgical generator. 10. A method according to claim 8 wherein suction is only applied at times when radio frequency power is applied to the electrodes on the instrument. 11. A method according to claim 8 wherein agitation of said one of the electrodes occurs within the aperture. 12. A method according to claim 8 wherein the cyclical motion of said one of the electrodes is rotary motion thereof. 13. A method according to claim 8 further comprising the step of mechanically agitating sublimation products within the channel. 14. A method according to claim 8 wherein the electrically conducting fluid is isotonic saline. 15. A method of operating an electrosurgical system including an electrosurgical generator which generates an oscillating radio frequency output across a pair of output terminals, an electrosurgical instrument having a shaft and at least an active tissue treatment electrode located on the shaft and an aspiration channel which has an aperture in the region of the active electrode and by means of which waste products may be removed from the treatment site, the method comprising the steps of: immersing the active electrode in an electrically conductive liquid supplied to the treatment site; operating the generator to cause an alternating current to flow in the region of the active electrode; thereby heating the liquid, and creating a vapour pocket in the region of the active electrode; manipulating the instrument to bring the vapour pocket into proximity with tissue in the region of the treatment site, thereby to vapourise tissue which encroaches within the vapour pocket; applying suction to the channel to aspirate waste products away from the treatment site; and causing an agitation of the vapour pocket in order to move the vapour pocket rela
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