초록 ▼

An ignition system (1) comprising fuel atomising means (6) for spraying fuel (10) therefrom for introduction into a combustion chamber (2). An electro-magnetic radiation generator (8) is connected to an emitter (12) which emits electro-magnetic radiation (11). The electro-magnetic radiation (11) irr

An ignition system (1) comprising fuel atomising means (6) for spraying fuel (10) therefrom for introduction into a combustion chamber (2). An electro-magnetic radiation generator (8) is connected to an emitter (12) which emits electro-magnetic radiation (11). The electro-magnetic radiation (11) irradiates the fuel (10) to cause ionisation and combustion of the fuel (10). A magnetic field may be provided in the combustion chamber to enhance atomic ionisation of the fuel in the combustion chamber.

대표청구항 ▼

An ignition system (1) comprising fuel atomising means (6) for spraying fuel (10) therefrom for introduction into a combustion chamber (2). An electro-magnetic radiation generator (8) is connected to an emitter (12) which emits electro-magnetic radiation (11). The electro-magnetic radiation (11) irr

An ignition system (1) comprising fuel atomising means (6) for spraying fuel (10) therefrom for introduction into a combustion chamber (2). An electro-magnetic radiation generator (8) is connected to an emitter (12) which emits electro-magnetic radiation (11). The electro-magnetic radiation (11) irradiates the fuel (10) to cause ionisation and combustion of the fuel (10). A magnetic field may be provided in the combustion chamber to enhance atomic ionisation of the fuel in the combustion chamber. ncy is selected from a group comprising an isolation level and at least one lock. 6. The method of claim 5 above, wherein the isolation level comprises repeatable read isolation. 7. The method of claim 5 above, wherein the lock comprises an exclusive lock when the materialized view is accessed. 8. The method of claim 5 above, wherein the lock comprises an update lock when the materialized view is accessed. 9. The method of claim 8 above, wherein the lock comprises an exclusive lock when the materialized view is modified. 10. The method of claim 9 above, further comprising: (1) examining and using next-key locking in the materialized view while determining that the modification to the base table results in a new record being inserted to the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the new record being inserted into the materialized view, creating the new record using the modification to the base table, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock, and inserting the new record into the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the insert. 11. The method of claim 9 above, further comprising: (1) examining and locking the materialized view to determine whether the modification to the base table results in an existing record being updated in the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the existing record being updated in the materialized view, creating new values for the existing record using the modification to the base table, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock for the existing record, and updating the existing record in the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the update. 12. The method of claim 9 above, further comprising: (1) examining and locking the materialized view to determine whether the modification to the base table results in an existing record being deleted from the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the existing record being deleted from the materialized view, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock, and deleting the existing record from the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the deletion. 13. An apparatus for maintaining a materialized view, comprising: (a) a computer system having a data storage device coupled thereto for storing a database, wherein the materialized view is derived from at least one base table stored in the database; (b) logic, performed by the computer system, for: (1) performing a modification to the base table in a transaction; and (2) accessing the materialized view to identify affected records therein using at least one mechanism to guarantee consistency while avoiding deadlocks with other transactions that modify at least one base table of the materialized view and to improve concurrency with other transactions that are accessing the materialized view when the modification to the base table is applied to the materialized view. 14. The apparatus of claim 13 above, wherein the modification is selected from a group comprising an update, delete and insert. 15. The apparatus of claim 13 above, wherein the logic for accessing comprises logic for performing an outerjoin between the materialized view and the modification to the base table to identify the affected records. 16. The apparatus of claim 15 above, further comprising logic for modifying the identified affected records in the materialized view incrementally using the modification to the base table. 17. The apparatus of claim 13 above, wherein the mechanism to guarantee consistency is selected from a group comprising an isolation level and at least one lock. 18. The apparatus of claim 17 above, wherein the isolation level comprises repeatable read isolation. 19. The apparatus of claim 17 above, wherein the lock comprises an exclusive lock when the materializ ed view is accessed. 20. The apparatus of claim 17 above, wherein the lock comprises an update lock when the materialized view is accessed. 21. The apparatus of claim 20 above, wherein the lock comprises an exclusive lock when the materialized view is modified. 22. The apparatus of claim 21 above, further comprising logic for: (1) examining and using next-key locking in the materialized view while determining that the modification to the base table results in a new record being inserted to the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the new record being inserted into the materialized view, creating the new record using the modification to the base table, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock, and inserting the new record into the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the insert. 23. The apparatus of claim 21 above, further comprising logic for: (1) examining and locking the materialized view to determine whether the modification to the base table results in an existing record being updated in the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the existing record being updated in the materialized view, creating new values for the existing record using the modification to the base table, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock for the existing record, and updating the existing record in the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the update. 24. The apparatus of claim 21 above, further comprising logic for: (1) examining and locking the materialized view to determine whether the modification to the base table results in an existing record being deleted from the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the existing record being deleted from the materialized view, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock, and deleting the existing record from the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the deletion. 25. An article of manufacture embodying logic for performing a method of maintaining a materialized view derived from at least one base table in a database stored on the computer, the method comprising: (a) performing a modification to the base table in a transaction; and (b) accessing the materialized view to identify affected records therein using at least one mechanism to guarantee consistency while avoiding deadlocks with other transactions that modify at least one base table of the materialized view and to improve concurrency with other transactions that are accessing the materialized view when the modification to the base table is applied to the materialized view. 26. The method of claim 25 above, wherein the modification is selected from a group comprising an update, delete and insert. 27. The method of claim 25 above, wherein the accessing step comprises performing an outerjoin between the materialized view and the modification to the base table to identify the affected records. 28. The method of claim 27 above, further comprising modifying the identified affected records in the materialized view incrementally using the modification to the base table. 29. The method of claim 25 above, wherein the mechanism to guarantee consistency is selected from a group comprising an isolation level and at least one lock. 30. The method of claim 29 above, wherein the isolation level comprises repeatable read isolation. 31. The method of claim 29 above, wherein the lock comprises an exclusive lock when the materialized view is accessed. 32. The method of claim 29 above, wherein the lock comprises an update lock when the materialized view is accessed. 33. The method of claim 32 above, wherein the lock comprises an exclusive lock when the materialized view is modified. 34. The method of claim 33 above, further comprising: (1) examining and using next-key locking in the materia lized view while determining that the modification to the base table results in a new record being inserted to the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the new record being inserted into the materialized view, creating the new record using the modification to the base table, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock, and inserting the new record into the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the insert. 35. The method of claim 33 above, further comprising: (1) examining and locking the materialized view to determine whether the modification to the base table results in an existing record being updated in the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the existing record being updated in the materialized view, creating new values for the existing record using the modification to the base table, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock for the existing record, and updating the existing record in the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the update. 36. The method of claim 33 above, further comprising: (1) examining and locking the materialized view to determine whether the modification to the base table results in an existing record being deleted from the materialized view; and (2) when the modification to the base table results in the existing record being deleted from the materialized view, escalating the update lock to the exclusive lock, and deleting the existing record from the materialized view, wherein the exclusive lock is released upon completion of the deletion. ntain a plurality of louvers to assist in the aiming of an air stream exiting from said louvered directional vents. 7. The air blowing assembly of claim 6 wherein said louvered vents may be moved through a generally horizontal arc about a generally vertical axis. 8. An air blowing assembly for providing cooling air to the user of a spa supported in a cabinet completely surrounding the spa and said cabinet having an interior volume and an outer peripheral surface, said spa having a lip surrounding said spa, said assembly comprising: an air blower having an air blower inlet, an air blower outlet and means for energizing said air blower; means for providing outside air to said air blower inlet; an air-conducting manifold having a manifold air inlet connected to said air blower outlet, said air-conducting manifold having a plurality of manifold air outlets; and a plurality of louvered directional vents supported over said lip and each of said vents having a cooling air inlet and a cooling air outlet, said cooling air outlet including means for aiming the direction of air flow exiting through said cooling air outlet comprising a plurality of adjustable louvers in said cooling air outlet and said cooling air inlet receiving cooling air from one of said plurality of manifold air outlets whereby a spa user can direct the flow of outside air from said cooling air outlet towards a face or body above the water level, replacing hot, humid air with cooler, dryer air to alleviate discomfort from an otherwise moist and hot atmosphere.