초록 ▼

A green uncured pre-form (10) for an exhaust aftertreatment filter includes first and second sheets (12 and 14) of regenerable filter material, the second sheet being pleated and forming with the first sheet a plurality of axially extending flow channels (32, 80, 81) having lateral cross-sectional s

A green uncured pre-form (10) for an exhaust aftertreatment filter includes first and second sheets (12 and 14) of regenerable filter material, the second sheet being pleated and forming with the first sheet a plurality of axially extending flow channels (32, 80, 81) having lateral cross-sectional shapes with two adjacent included angles (34 and 36, 56 and 58) each greater than 45° and less than 75° and having wall segments (18 and 20, 68 and 70) with a thickness less than 0.8 mm, a porosity greater than 80%, and an extension height (b) between pleat tips less than 10 mm. Forming apparatus (83, 84) and methods are provided.

대표청구항 ▼

A green uncured pre-form (10) for an exhaust aftertreatment filter includes first and second sheets (12 and 14) of regenerable filter material, the second sheet being pleated and forming with the first sheet a plurality of axially extending flow channels (32, 80, 81) having lateral cross-sectional s

A green uncured pre-form (10) for an exhaust aftertreatment filter includes first and second sheets (12 and 14) of regenerable filter material, the second sheet being pleated and forming with the first sheet a plurality of axially extending flow channels (32, 80, 81) having lateral cross-sectional shapes with two adjacent included angles (34 and 36, 56 and 58) each greater than 45° and less than 75° and having wall segments (18 and 20, 68 and 70) with a thickness less than 0.8 mm, a porosity greater than 80%, and an extension height (b) between pleat tips less than 10 mm. Forming apparatus (83, 84) and methods are provided. target site of the bone. 7. Apparatus for injecting an immobilizing substance into a target site of a bone comprising: a cannula having an inner surface defining a bore for transporting the immobilizing substance to the target site of the bone when a leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone, the bore having a diameter of at least about three millimeters and a non-reactive coating to prevent the immobilizing substance from contacting the inner surface of the cannula, thereby preventing a chemical reaction between the immobilizing substance and the bore; a rotary cutter element removably attachable to the cannula for easing insertion of the cannula into position so the leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone; a connector attached to at least one of the cannula and the cutter element for releasably connecting the cutter element to the cannula during insertion of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone; and a handle attached to the cutter element for turning the cutter element to advance the leading end of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone. 8. Apparatus for injecting an immobilizing substance into a target site of a bone comprising: a cannula having a bore for transporting the immobilizing substance to the target site of the bone when a leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone, the bore having a diameter of at least about three millimeters; a rotary cutter element removably attachable to the cannula for easing insertion of the cannula into position so the leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone; a connector attached to at least one of the cannula and the cutter element for releasably connecting the cutter element to the cannula during insertion of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone; a handle attached to the cutter element for turning the cutter element to advance the leading end of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone; and a tissue distraction device having a spreader mechanism adapted to move between a collapsed configuration in which the mechanism is sized and shaped to pass through the bore of the cannula and past the leading end to the target site and a deployed configuration in which the mechanism is enlarged thereby to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone, said spreader mechanism including an expandable bladder that is expandable to the deployed configuration by pressurizing the bladder to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone and a protective sheath sized and shaped to pass through the bore and past the leading end of the cannula to prevent the bladder from contacting the leading end of the cannula. 9. Apparatus as set forth in claim 8 wherein the protective sheath is adapted to spread outward when extended past the leading end of the cannula. 10. Apparatus for injecting an immobilizing substance into a target site of a bone comprising: a cannula having a bore for transporting the immobilizing substance to the target site of the bone when a leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone, the bore having a diameter of at least about three millimeters; a rotary cutter element removably attachable to the cannula for easing insertion of the cannula into position so the leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone; a connector attached to at least one of the cannula and the cutter element for releasably connecting the cutter element to the cannula during insertion of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone; a handle attached to the cutter element for turning the cutter element to advance the leading end of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone; and a tissue distraction device having a spreader m echanism adapted to move between a collapsed configuration in which the mechanism is sized and shaped to pass through the bore of the cannula and past the leading end to the target site and a deployed configuration in which the mechanism is enlarged thereby to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone, said spreader mechanism including an expandable bladder that is expandable to the deployed configuration by pressurizing the bladder to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone and a collapsible cage positioned inside the bladder to shape the bladder when expanded. 11. Apparatus for injecting an immobilizing substance into a target site of a bone comprising: a cannula having a bore for transporting the immobilizing substance to the target site of the bone when a leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone, the bore having a diameter of at least about three millimeters; a rotary cutter element removably attachable to the cannula for easing insertion of the cannula into position so the leading end of the cannula is positioned adjacent the target site of the bone; a connector attached to at least one of the cannula and the cutter element for releasably connecting the cutter element to the cannula during insertion of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone; a handle attached to the cutter element for turning the cutter element to advance the leading end of the cannula into position adjacent the target site of the bone; and a positioning device for positioning a plug at a selected site adjacent the target site of the bone for retaining the immobilizing substance at the target site of the bone, said positioning device comprising a stem sized and shaped for insertion through the bore of the cannula so an end of the stem protrudes through the leading end of the cannula, said end of the stem being adapted to releasably engage the plug to push the plug through the bore of the cannula and to deploy the plug at the selected site adjacent the target site of the bone. 12. Apparatus for moving tissue away from a target site of a bone comprising: a cannula having a bore extending through the cannula to a leading end positionable adjacent the target site of the bone; and a tissue distraction device having a spreader mechanism adapted to move between a collapsed configuration in which the mechanism is sized and shaped to pass through the bore of the cannula and past the leading end to the target site and a deployed configuration in which the mechanism is enlarged thereby to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone, said spreader mechanism including an expandable bladder that is expandable to the deployed configuration by pressurizing the bladder to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone and a protective sheath sized and shaped to pass through the bore and past the leading end of the cannula to prevent the bladder from contacting the leading end of the cannula. 13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12 wherein the protective sheath is adapted to spread outward when extended past the leading end of the cannula. 14. Apparatus for moving tissue away from a target site of a bone comprising: a cannula having a bore extending through the cannula to a leading end positionable adjacent the target site of the bone; and a tissue distraction device having a spreader mechanism adapted to move between a collapsed configuration in which the mechanism is sized and shaped to pass through the bore of the cannula and past the leading end to the target site and a deployed configuration in which the mechanism is enlarged thereby to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone, said spreader mechanism including an expandable bladder that is expandable to the deployed configuration by pressurizing the bladder to move surrounding tissue away from the target site of the bone and a collapsible cage