An engine with a valve suitable for containing compressed gas and expelling the same upon opening of the valve is provided. Upon application of sufficient force to an element of the valve, the compressed gas is released from the engine. In one embodiment, the engine is fitted with a reusable valve.
An engine with a valve suitable for containing compressed gas and expelling the same upon opening of the valve is provided. Upon application of sufficient force to an element of the valve, the compressed gas is released from the engine. In one embodiment, the engine is fitted with a reusable valve. In another embodiment, the engine includes an engine housing with a pop-out feature that indicates if the engine is critically overcharged. A method of implementing quality control schemes during the manufacture or production of the engine and its component parts is provided, as well as a method of filling the engine with a compressed gas.
대표청구항▼
An engine with a valve suitable for containing compressed gas and expelling the same upon opening of the valve is provided. Upon application of sufficient force to an element of the valve, the compressed gas is released from the engine. In one embodiment, the engine is fitted with a reusable valve.
An engine with a valve suitable for containing compressed gas and expelling the same upon opening of the valve is provided. Upon application of sufficient force to an element of the valve, the compressed gas is released from the engine. In one embodiment, the engine is fitted with a reusable valve. In another embodiment, the engine includes an engine housing with a pop-out feature that indicates if the engine is critically overcharged. A method of implementing quality control schemes during the manufacture or production of the engine and its component parts is provided, as well as a method of filling the engine with a compressed gas. ctuator coupled to each of the sub-arrays for mechanically pivoting the respective sub-array to adjust its orientation. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the mechanical controller comprises a pair of actuators coupled to each sub-array, the pair of actuators configured for pivoting the respective sub-array in substantially orthogonal directions. 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the actuator comprises a piezoelectric actuator. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein each sub-array includes a gimbal apparatus pivotably fixing the sub-arrays with respect to one another. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising an electrical controller coupled to the drive circuitry, the electrical controller configured for controlling phase shift values of the respective drive signals to further focus the acoustic energy emitted by the transducer elements towards the target region. 10. A system for performing a therapeutic procedure in a target region of a patient using focused ultrasound, comprising: a transducer array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays, each sub-array defining an acoustic emission surface and including one or more transducer elements configured for emitting acoustic energy from the acoustic emission surface, each sub-array being independently movable with respect to one another; drive circuitry coupled to the transducer elements, the drive circuitry configured for providing respective drive signals to the transducer elements, whereby the transducer elements may emit acoustic energy from their respective acoustic emission surfaces; a mechanical controller coupled to the sub-arrays and configured for moving the sub-arrays to adjust an orientation of the acoustic emission surfaces of respective sub-arrays to facilitate focusing of the acoustic energy emitted by the transducer elements towards the target region; and an electrical controller coupled to the drive circuitry, the electrical controller configured for controlling phase shift values of the respective drive signals to further focus the acoustic energy emitted by the transducer elements towards the target region, wherein the electrical controller is configured for controlling the phase shift values of the drive signals to the transducer elements of a respective sub-array for compensating for aberrations in intervening tissue between the transducer and the target tissue. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the transducer array is mounted within a fluid-filled casing. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the casing has a substantially concave inner contact surface configured for substantially engaging a head of a patient. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the sub-arrays are arranged within the casing such that the acoustic emission surfaces of the sub-arrays are generally oriented towards the inner contact surface. 14. A method for performing a therapeutic procedure in a target tissue region of a patient using focused ultrasound, the method comprising: providing a transducer array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays, each sub-array including one or more transducer elements, each sub-array being independently movable relative to one another about two respective axes of rotation for adjusting an orientation of the sub-arrays with respect to one another; driving the transducer elements with respective drive signals such that the transducer elements emit acoustic energy towards a target region; and moving the sub-arrays with respect to one another about the two respective axes of rotation to focus the acoustic energy generated by the transducer elements towards the target region. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the sub-arrays comprise an acoustic emission surface from which the transducer elements emit the acoustic energy, and wherein the step of moving the sub-arrays comprises pivoting the sub-arrays about a fixed point to adjust an angular orientation of their respective acoustic emission surfaces. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of pivoting the sub-arrays comprises pivoting the sub-arrays about two respective axes of rotation that are substantially perpendicular to one another. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the transducer array is acoustically coupled to a skull such that the target region is a tissue structure within the skull. 18. A method for performing a therapeutic procedure in a target tissue region of a patient using focused ultrasound, the method comprising: providing a transducer array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays, each sub-array including one or more transducer elements, each sub-array being movable relative to one another for adjusting an orientation of the sub-arrays with respect to one another, the transducer array being acoustically coupled to a skull such that the target region is a tissue structure within the skull; driving the transducer elements with respective drive signals such that the transducer elements emit acoustic energy towards a target region; and moving the sub-arrays with respect to one another to focus the acoustic energy generated by the transducer elements towards the target region; wherein the step of driving the transducer elements comprises controlling relative phase shift values of the respective drive signals to compensate for skull phase aberrations. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein the transducer elements are driven with respective drive signals such that the acoustic energy emitted by the transducer element substantially ablates the tissue structure. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the transducer elements are driven with respective drive signals, and wherein phase shift values of drive signals driving the transducer elements of each sub-array is controlled such that the acoustic energy emitted by the respective sub-array is focused at a predetermined focal distance or is focused at a focal zone having a predetermined shape. 21. A system for performing a therapeutic procedure in a target region of a patient using focused ultrasound, comprising: a transducer array comprising a plurality of sub-arrays, each sub-array defining an acoustic emission surface and including a plurality of transducer elements configured for emitting acoustic energy from the acoustic emission surface, each sub-array being independently movable with respect to one another; drive circuitry coupled to the transducer elements, the drive circuitry configured for providing respective drive signals to the transducer elements, whereby the transducer elements may emit acoustic energy from their respective acoustic emission surfaces; and a mechanical controller coupled to the sub-arrays and configured for moving the sub-arrays to adjust an orientation of the acoustic emission surfaces of respective sub-arrays to facilitate focusing of the acoustic energy emitted by the transducer elements towards the target region. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein each sub-array is pivotable about two respective axes of rotation. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the two respective axes of rotation that are substantially perpendicular to one another. edia blast procedure is between about 17N and about 26N. 9. A method of preparing a compressively stressed region on a tooth surface and a root radius of a plurality of gear teeth of a metallic gear to enhance the wear properties of the metallic gear comprising: positioning a metallic gear in a part holder; directing a ceramic media of a size, density and selected Almen intensity at the metallic gear to cause residual compressive stresses at a plurality of gear teeth of at least 80 Kpsi at depths between 0.000 inch and 0.002 inch in the tooth root radius thereby enhancing the wear properties of the metallic gear. 10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the residual compressive stress is at least 80 Kpsi at depths of 0.000 inch, 0.0005 inch and 0.001 inch. 11. A method according to claim 9 wherein the residual compressive stress is at least 130 Kpsi at a depth of between 0.000 inch and 0.001 inch. 12. The method according to claim 9 wherein the residual compressive stress is at least 120 Kpsi at a depth of 0.000 inch, at least 150 Kpsi at 0.0005 inch, at least 180 Kpsi at 0.001 inch, and at least 200 Kpsi at 0.0020 inch. 13. The method according to claim 9 wherein the diameter of the ceramic media is between about 50 mesh and about 100 mesh when added as virgin media. 14. The method according to claim 9 further comprising the step of collecting the ceramic media for reuse in a subsequent blasting operation and wherein the ceramic media is a recycled media mixture including a mixture of recycled and virgin media. 15. The method according to claim 9 wherein the step of exposing multiple surfaces of the workpiece to the ceramic media includes the step of rotating the workpiece at between 8-12 revolutions per minute. 16. The method according to claim 9 wherein the ceramic media is directed at the workpiece at a pressure of between about seventy to about eighty pounds per square inch. 17. The method according to claim 9 wherein the cycle time for directing media at a workpiece is between about 60 and about 80 seconds. 18. The method according to claim 9 wherein the flowrate of the ceramic media being directed at the workpiece is between about 1.5 and about 3 pounds per minute. 19. The method according to claim 9 wherein the ceramic medium is a ceramic bead including zirconia crystals enclosed in a silica glassy phase. 20. The method according to claim 9 wherein the ceramic media is directed at the metallic gear at a pressure of between about 50 and about 90 pounds per square inch and wherein the ceramic media has a mesh dimension of between about 50 and about 120 mesh when added as virgin media. 21. The method according to claim 9 wherein the Almen intensity of the media blast procedure is between about 18N and about 26N. 22. A method of processing a metallic gear with a fine steel media blast stream to enhance the wear properties of the metallic gear comprising the steps of: positioning the metallic gear in a part holder to maintain the metallic gear in one or more predetermined positions during a blasting operation; directing a fine steel media having a diameter of of less than 250 microns at the metallic gear part at a nressure of between about 50 and 90 pounds per square inch; and expos
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