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A method is disclosed for molding a part. The method includes steps of heating molding materials in a plasticator at a predetermined temperature; mixing the molding materials to create a molten suspension wherein a majority of the reinforcing fibers remain generally undamaged; extruding the molten s

A method is disclosed for molding a part. The method includes steps of heating molding materials in a plasticator at a predetermined temperature; mixing the molding materials to create a molten suspension wherein a majority of the reinforcing fibers remain generally undamaged; extruding the molten suspension to form a billet and then placing the billet in a compression mold and compressing the billet with the compression mold to mold a part. In one embodiment, the reinforcing fibers are distributed throughout the part.

대표청구항 ▼

A method is disclosed for molding a part. The method includes steps of heating molding materials in a plasticator at a predetermined temperature; mixing the molding materials to create a molten suspension wherein a majority of the reinforcing fibers remain generally undamaged; extruding the molten s

A method is disclosed for molding a part. The method includes steps of heating molding materials in a plasticator at a predetermined temperature; mixing the molding materials to create a molten suspension wherein a majority of the reinforcing fibers remain generally undamaged; extruding the molten suspension to form a billet and then placing the billet in a compression mold and compressing the billet with the compression mold to mold a part. In one embodiment, the reinforcing fibers are distributed throughout the part. ng to claim 1, wherein the material which exhibits ion-conducting properties is material (C). 14. A composite material according to claim 13, wherein material (C) is present as at least one amorphous and/or crystalline compound of Zr, which compounds bear some nonhydrolyzable groups, or a mixture of these compounds. 15. A composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ion-conducting composite material is flexible. 16. A composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ion-conducting composite is bendable to a minimum radius of as small as 1 mm. 17. A catalyst for acid or base catalyzed reactions comprising the permeable composite material of claim 1. 18. A membrane adapted for fuel cells comprising the permeable composite material of claim 1. 19. A membrane adapted for electrodialysis, membrane electrolysis or electrolysis comprising the permeable composite material of claim 1. 20. A pervaporation membrane comprising the permeable composite material of claim 1. 21. A vapor-permeation membrane comprising the permeable composite material of claim 1. 22. A permeable composite material comprising at least one porous and permeable support having pores in the interior thereof, which is provided on at least one side of the support and in the pores with at least one inorganic component, which comprises at least one compound of a metal, a semi-metal or a mixed metal with at least one element of Group 3 to Group 7, wherein the composite material exhibits ion-conducting properties and additionally contains at least one inorganic and/or organic material which exhibits ion conducting-properties, wherein the material is at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a sulfonated polytetrafluoroethylene, sulfonated polyvinylidene fluoride, aminolyzed polytetrafluorethylene, aminolyzed polyvinylidene fluoride, aminolyzed polysulfone, sulfonated polyether imide, and aminolyzed polyether imide. 23. A process for making the composite material according to claim 1, comprising making a non ion-conducting composite material ion-conducting. 24. A process according to claim 23, wherein the ion-conducting permeable composite material is obtained by treating a composite material which does not exhibit ion-conducting properties with at least one ion-conducting material or with at least one material which exhibits ion-conducting properties after a further treatment. 25. A process according to claim 23, wherein the ion-conducting permeable composite material is obtained by treating a composite material which has a pore width of 0.001 to 5 μm and does not exhibit ion-conducting properties with at least one ion-conducting material or with at least one material which exhibits ion-conducting properties after a further treatment. 26. A process according to claim 23, wherein the treatment of the composite material with at least one ion-conducting material or at least one material which exhibits ion-conducting properties after a further treatment is accomplished by impregnating, dipping, brushing, rolling on, doctoring on, spraying or other coating techniques. 27. A process according to claim 23, wherein after the treatment with at least one ion-conducting material or at least one material which exhibits ion-conducting properties after a further treatment, the composite material is heat-treated. 28. A process according to claim 27, wherein the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 100 to 700° C. 29. A process according to claim 23, wherein the ion-conducting material or the material which exhibits ion-conducting properties after a further treatment is applied in the form of a solution with a solvent proportion of 1 to 99%. 30. A process according to claim 23, wherein there is used as the material for making the ion-conducting composite material polyorganylsiloxanes which contain at least one ionic constituent. 31. A process according to claim 30, wherein the polyorganylsiloxanes contain among other substances a polyalkylsiloxane and/or polyarylsiloxane and/or further constituents. 32. A process according to claim 23, wherein Bronstedt acids or bases are used as the material for making the ion-conducting composite material. 33. A process according to claim 23, wherein at least one trialkoxysilane solution or suspension containing acid and/or basic groups is used as the material for making the ion-conducting composite material. 34. A process according to claim 33, wherein at least one of the acid or basic groups is a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium group or an alkylsulfonic acid, carboxylic acid or phosphonic acid group. 35. A process according to claim 33, wherein the solution or suspension for treating the composite material also contains acid or basic compounds and water in addition to a trialkoxysilane. 36. A process according to claim 33, wherein the acid or basic compounds comprise a Bronstedt or Lewis acid or base. 37. A process according to claim 23, wherein the ion-conducting composite material is obtained by using, during production of the composite material, at least one ion-conducting material or by using at least one material which exhibits ion-conducting properties after a further treatment. 38. A process according to claim 37, wherein the composite material is obtained by using at least one polymer-bound Bronstedt acid or base for making the composite material. 39. A process according to claim 37, wherein the ion-conducting composite material is obtained by using at least one sol, which contains polymer particles bearing fixed charges or polyelectrolyte solutions. 40. A process according to claim 39, wherein the polymer bearing fixed charges or the polyelectrolyte has a melting or softening point below 500° C. 41. A process according to claim 39, wherein the material is material (B). 42. A process according to claim 39, wherein the proportion of the polymer bearing fixed charges or of the polyelectrolyte in the sol being used lies between 0.001% and 50.0%. 43. A process according to claim 42, wherein the proportion of the polymer bearing fixed charges or of the polyelectrolyte in the sol being used lies between 0.01% and 25%. 44. A process according to claim 39, wherein the polymer undergoes chemical and physical or chemical or physical modification during processing. 45. A process according to claim 39, wherein the ion-conducting composite material is obtained by using, during production of the composite material, a sol which contains at least one ion-conducting material or at least one material which exhibits ion-conducting properties after a further treatment. 46. A process according to claim 45, wherein there are added to the sol materials which lead to formation of inorganic ion-conducting layers on the interior and or exterior surfaces of the particles contained in the composite material. 47. A process according to claim 45, wherein the sol is obtained by hydrolyzing at least one metal compound, at least one semi-metal compound or at least one mixed-metal compound or a combination of these compounds with a liquid, a gas and or a solid. 48. A process according to claim 47, wherein water, steam, ice, alcohol or acid or a combination of these compounds is used as the liquid, gas and/or solid for hydrolysis. 49. A process according to claim 47, wherein the compound to be hydrolyzed is added to alcohol and/or to an acid before hydrolysis. 50. A process according to claim 47, wherein there is hydrolyzed at least one nitrate, chloride, carbonate or one alcoholate of a metal or semi-metal. 51. A process according to claim 50, wherein the nitrate, chloride, carbonate or alcoholate is a compound of the elements Ti, Zr, V, Mn, W, Mo, Cr, Al, Si, Sn and/or Y. 52. A process according to claim 45, wherein there is added to the sol for making t he composite material at least one acid or base which is soluble in water and/or alcohol. 53. A process according to claim 52, wherein there is added an acid or base of the elements Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Ba, V, Y, Zn, Ti, Cr, W, Mo, Zr, Mn, Al, Si, P or S. 54. A process according to claim 45, wherein the sol contains nonstoichiometric metal, semi-metal or nonmetal oxides or hydroxides, generated by changing the oxidation number of the corresponding element. 55. A process according to claim 54, wherein the change in oxidation number is achieved by reaction with organic compounds or inorganic compounds or by electrochemical reactions. 56. A process according to claim 54, wherein the change of oxidation number is achieved by reaction with an alcohol, aldehyde, sugar, ether, olefin, peroxide or metal salt. 57. A process according to claim 54, wherein compounds of the elements Cr, Mn, V, Ti, Sn, Fe, Mo, W or Pb change the oxidation number. 58. A process according to claim 45, wherein there are added to the sol substances which lead to formation of inorganic ion-conducting structures. 59. A process according to claim 58, wherein zeolite and/or β-aluminosilicate particles are added to the sol. 60. A process according to claim 58, wherein a compound to be hydrolyzed bears nonhydrolyzable groups in addition to hydrolyzable groups. 61. A process according to claim 58, wherein a compound to be hydrolyzed is an alkyltrialkoxy or dialkyldialkoxy or trialkylalkoxy compound of silicon.