초록 ▼

Multilayer films are contemplated. Specifically, films containing 3, 4, 5, 6 or more layers. Anti-block will be included in a tie layer, contiguous to a skin layer and a core layer. The film may contain one or two skin layers. If there are two tie layers, the anti-block may be found in one or both.

Multilayer films are contemplated. Specifically, films containing 3, 4, 5, 6 or more layers. Anti-block will be included in a tie layer, contiguous to a skin layer and a core layer. The film may contain one or two skin layers. If there are two tie layers, the anti-block may be found in one or both. Metallized films made from the multilayer films are also contemplated. Use of the multilayer films in packaging, imaging, or labeling, is further contemplated.

대표청구항 ▼

Multilayer films are contemplated. Specifically, films containing 3, 4, 5, 6 or more layers. Anti-block will be included in a tie layer, contiguous to a skin layer and a core layer. The film may contain one or two skin layers. If there are two tie layers, the anti-block may be found in one or both.

Multilayer films are contemplated. Specifically, films containing 3, 4, 5, 6 or more layers. Anti-block will be included in a tie layer, contiguous to a skin layer and a core layer. The film may contain one or two skin layers. If there are two tie layers, the anti-block may be found in one or both. Metallized films made from the multilayer films are also contemplated. Use of the multilayer films in packaging, imaging, or labeling, is further contemplated. in an amount between about 0.0014 and about 0.0113 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer, the standardized polymer being unmodified polyethylene terephthalate; and wherein said copolyester fiber has a zero-shear melt viscosity of between about 1000 and about 3500 poise when heated to 260° C. 2. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein said copolyester fiber is comprised of polymer chains formed from structural units consisting essentially of diol monomers, non-substituted diacid monomers, and branching agent monomers. 3. A copolyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein said non-substituted diacid monomer consists essentially of an aromatic non-substituted diacid monomer. 4. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the chain branching agent is present in said copolyester fiber in an amount between about 0.0036 and about 0.0051 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer. 5. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between about 4 percent and about 20 percent. 6. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between about 4 percent and about 6 percent. 7. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between about 10 and about 20 percent. 8. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between 10 percent and 12 percent. 9. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of between about 300 g/mol and about 1000 g/mol. 10. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 400 g/mol. 11. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein said copolyester fiber has a mean tenacity of less than 3 grams per denier. 12. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein said chain branching agent is selected from the group consisting of trifunctional alcohols, trifunctional acids, tetrafunctional alcohols, tetrafunctional acids, pentafunctional alcohols, pentafunctional acids, hexafunctional alcohols, and hexafunctional acids t hat will copolymerize with polyethylene terephthalate. 13. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein said chain branching agent is selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic dianhydride, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, trimethylol propane, ditrimethylol propane, ethoxylated glycerols, ethoxylated pentaerythritol, and ethoxylated trimethylol propane. 14. A copolyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein said copolyester fiber is a staple fiber. 15. A yarn formed from copolyester fibers according to claim 1. 16. A yarn according to claim 15, wherein said yarn is a partially oriented yarn. 17. A yarn according to claim 15, wherein said yarn is a drawn yarn. 18. A yarn according to claim 15, wherein said yarn is a blended yarn further comprising a second kind of fiber selected from the group consisting of cotton fibers, rayon fibers, acetate fibers, polypropylene fibers, nylon fibers, spandex fibers, biconstituent fibers, and conventional polyester fibers. 19. A blended yarn according to claim 18, wherein said copolyester fibers are staple fibers. 20. A blended yarn according to claim 18, wherein said copolyester fibers are in the form of a partially oriented yarn. 21. A blended yarn according to claim 18, wherein said copolyester fibers are in the form of a drawn yarn. 22. A yarn according to claim 15, wherein said yarn is a blended yarn further comprising a nylon fibers. 23. A yarn according to claim 15, wherein said yarn is a blended yarn further comprising cellulosic fibers. 24. A blended yarn according to claim 15, wherein said yarn is a blended yarn further comprising spandex fibers. 25. A blended yarn according to claim 24, wherein said spandex fibers form a core of spandex filaments; and said copolyester fibers are staple fibers that surround said spandex filament core. 26. A blended yarn according to claim 24, wherein said spandex fibers are spandex filaments; and said copolyester fibers are copolyester filaments that are wrapped around said spandex filaments. 27. A fabric formed from copolyester fibers according to claim 1. 28. A fabric according to claim 27, wherein said fabric further comprises a second kind of fiber selected from the group consisting of cotton fibers, rayon fibers, acetate fibers, polypropylene fibers, nylon fibers, spandex fibers, biconstituent fibers, and conventional polyester fibers. 29. A fabric according to claim 27, wherein said fabric further comprises cellulosic fibers. 30. A fabric according to claim 27, wherein said copolyester fibers are staple fibers. 31. A fabric according to claim 30, wherein said fabric is a knit fabric formed from said staple fibers and spandex fibers that are laid into said knit fabric. 32. A method of dyeing the fabric of claim 27, comprising dyeing the fabric at a temperature of less than about 250° F. 33. A method of dyeing the fabric of claim 27, comprising dyeing the fabric at a temperature of less than about 230° F. 34. A method of dyeing the fabric of claim 27, comprising dyeing the fabric at or below a temperature defined by the boiling point of water at atmospheric pressure. 35. A polyethylene glycol modified copolyester fiber that can be formed into exceptionally comfortable fabrics, comprising: polyethylene terephthalate in an amount sufficient for said copolyester fiber to possess dimensional stability properties substantially similar to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers; polyethylene glycol in an amount sufficient for said copolyester fiber to possess wicking properties that are superior to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of less than about 5000 g/mol; and chain branching agent in an amount between about 0.0014 and about 0.0113 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer, the standardized polymer being unmodified polyethylene terephthalate; wherein said copolyester fiber is comprised of polymer chains formed from structural units consisting essentially of diol monomers, aromatic non-substituted diacid monomers, and branching agent monomers; and wherein said copolyester fiber has a zero-shear melt viscosity of between about 1000 and about 3500 poise when heated to 260° C. 36. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between about 4 percent and about 20 percent. 37. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between about 4 percent and about 6 percent. 38. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between about 10 and about 20 percent. 39. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fiber is between 10 percent and 12 percent. 40. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of between about 300 and about 1000 g/mol. 41. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 400 g/mol. 42. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein said chain branching agent is selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic dianhydride, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, trimethylol propane, d itrimethylol propane, ethoxylated glycerols, ethoxylated pentaerythritol, and ethoxylated trimethylol propane. 43. A copolyester fiber according to claim 35, wherein said copolyester fiber has a mean tenacity of less than 3 grams per denier. 44. A yarn formed from copolyester fibers according to claim 35. 45. A fabric formed from copolyester fibers according to claim 35. 46. A nonwoven fabric formed of polyethylene glycol modified copolyester fibers that provide exceptional moisture management characteristics, said copolyester fibers comprising: polyethylene terephthalate in an amount sufficient for said copolyester fibers to possess dimensional stability properties substantially similar to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers; polyethylene glycol in an amount sufficient for said copolyester fibers to possess wicking characteristics that are superior to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers; and chain branching agent in an amount between about 0.0014 and about 0.0113 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer, the standardized polymer being unmodified polyethylene terephthalate; wherein said copolyester fibers have a zero-shear melt viscosity of between about 1000 and about 3500 poise when heated to 2.60° C. 47. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein said copolyester fibers comprise polymer chains formed from structural units consisting essentially of diol monomers, non-substituted diacid monomers, and branching agent monomers. 48. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 47, wherein said non-substituted diacid monomer consists essentially of an aromatic diacid monomer. 49. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fibers is between about 4 percent and about 20 percent. 50. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fibers is between about 4 percent and about 6 percent. 51. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fibers is between about 10 percent and about 20 percent. 52. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the weight fraction of the polyethylene glycol in said copolyester fibers is between about 15 percent and about 20 percent. 53. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight less than about 5000 g/mol. 54. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of between about 300 g/mol and about 1000 g/mol. 55. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 400 g/mol. 56. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein said copolyester fibers have a mean tenacity of less than 3 grams per denier. 57. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the chain branching agent is capable of copolymerizing with polyethylene terephthalate, the chain branching agent being selected from the group consisting of trifunctional alcohols, trifunctional acids, tetrafunctional alcohols, tetrafunctional acids, pentafunctional alcohols, pentafunctional acids, hexafunctional alcohols, and hexafunctional acids. 58. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein said chain branching agent is selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic dianhydride, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, trimethylol propane, ditrimethylol propane, ethoxylated glycerols, ethoxylated pentaerythritol, and ethoxylated trimethylol propane. 59. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the chain branching agent consists essentially of pentaerythritol that is present in said copolyester fibers in an amount between about 500 and about 4000 ppm. 60. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46 wherein the chain branching agent is present in said copolyester fibers in an amount between about 0.0036 and about 0.0051 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer. 61. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric possesses improved wicking characteristics as compared to a nonwoven fabric formed of a similar percentage of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers. 62. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a calendar-bonded nonwoven fabric. 63. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a hydroentangled nonwoven fabric. 64. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a through-air-bonded nonwoven fabric. 65. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a needlepunched nonwoven fabric. 66. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a stitch-bonded nonwoven fabric. 67. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a melt spun-bonded nonwoven fabric. 68. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a melt-blown nonwoven fabric. 69. A disposable wipe comprising the nonwoven fabric of claim 46. 70. A disposable undergarment comprising the nonwoven fabric of claim 46. 71. A durable good comprising the nonwoven fabric of claim 46, said durable good possessing the appearance and performance of a traditional textile good. 72. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 46, wherein said nonwoven fabric is a blended nonwoven fabric comprising a second kind of fiber. 73. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 72, wherein said second kind of fiber is selected from the group consisting of cotton fibers, rayon fibers, acetate fibers, polypropylene fibers, nylon fibers, spandex fibers, and conventional polyester fibers. 74. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 72, wherein said second kind of fiber comprises cellulosic fibers. 75. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 74, wherein the cellulosic fibers comprise rayon fibers that are present in the nonwoven fabric in an amount sufficient to provide excellent absorbency, and the copolyester fibers are present in the nonwoven fabric in an amount sufficient to provide excellent wickability. 76. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 72, wherein said second kind of fiber comprises biconstituent fibers. 77. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 76, wherein the biconstituent fibers comprise a polyester core surrounded by a sheath of either polypropylene or low-melt polyester. 78. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 72, wherein the nonwoven fabric possesses an improved ability to retain its wicking characteristics even after several liquid insults, as compared to a nonwoven fabric formed of an equivalent fraction of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers. 79. A nonwoven fabric according to claim 72, wherein the nonwoven fabric possesses improved dyeing characteristics as compared to a nonwoven fabric formed of an equivalent fraction of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers. 80. A polyethylene glycol modified copolyester composition that is particularly suitable for fibers, comprising: polyethylene terephthalate in an amount sufficient for a fiber made from said composition to possess dimensional stability properties substantially similar to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers; polyethylene glycol in an amount sufficient for a fiber made from said composition to possess wicking properties that are superior to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of less than about 5000 g/mol; and chain branching agent selected from the group consisting of trifunctional alcohols, trifunctional acids, tetrafunctional alcohols, tetrafunctional acids, pentafunctional alcohols, pentatunctional acids, hexatunction al alcohols, and hexafunctional acids that will copolymerize with polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the chain branching agent is present in said composition in an amount between about 0.0014 and about 0.0113 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer, the standardized polymer being unmodified polyethylene terephthalate; and wherein said composition is comprised of polymer chains formed from structural units consisting essentially of diol monomers, non-substituted diacid monomers, and branching agent monomers; and wherein said composition achieves a zero-shear melt viscosity of between about 1000 and about 3500 poise when to 260° C. 81. A polyester composition according to claim 80, wherein said non-substituted diacid monomer consists essentially of an aromatic diacid monomer. 82. A copolyester composition according to claim 80, wherein the chain branching agent is present in the copolyester composition in an amount between about 0.0036 and about 0.0051 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer. 83. A copolyester composition according to claim 80, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of between about 300 g/mol and about 1000 g/mol. 84. A copolyester composition according to claim 80, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 400 g/mol. 85. A copolyester composition according to claim 80, wherein said composition achieves a zero-shear melt viscosity of between about 2000 and about 3500 poise when heated to 260° C. 86. A copolyester composition according to claim 80, wherein the chain branching agent is selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic dianhydride, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, trimethylol propane, ditrimethylol propane, ethoxylated glycerols, ethoxylated pentaerythritol, and ethoxylated trimethylol propane. 87. A copolyester fiber formed from said composition according to claim 80. 88. A copolyester chip formed from said composition according to claim 80. 89. A method of preparing polyethylene glycol modified copolyester fibers that can be formed into exceptionally comfortable fabrics, comprising: copolymerizing polyethylene glycol and a chain branching agent into polyethylene terephthalate in the melt phase to form a copolyester composition that achieves a zero-shear melt viscosity of between about 1000 and about 3500 poise when heated to 260° C.; wherein the polyethylene terephthalate is present in the copolyester composition in an amount sufficient for a fiber made from the copolyester composition to possess dimensional stability properties substantially similar to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers; wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of less than about 5000 g/mol and is present in an amount sufficient for a fiber made from the copolyester composition to possess wicking properties that are superior to those of conventional, unmodified polyethylene terephthalate fibers; and wherein the chain branching agent is present in the copolyester composition in an amount between about 0.0014 and about 0.0113 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer, the standardized polymer being unmodified polyethylene terephthalate; and thereafter spinning the copolyester composition into a filament. 90. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the step of copolymerizing polyethylene glycol and a chain branching agent into polyethylene terephthalate yields a copolyester composition that is comprised of polymer chains formed from structural units consisting essentially of diol monomers, non-substituted diacid monomers, and branching agent monomers. 91. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the non-substituted diacid monomer consists essentially of aromatic non-substituted diacid monomers. 92. A method of prep aring copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the weight fraction of polyethylene glycol in the copolyester composition is between about 4 percent and about 20 percent. 93. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the weight fraction of polyethylene glycol in the copolyester composition is between about 4 percent and about 6 percent. 94. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the weight fraction of polyethylene glycol in the copolyester composition is between 10 percent and 20 percent. 95. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the copolyester composition achieves a zero-shear melt viscosity of between about 2000 and about 3500 poise when heated to 260° C. 96. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of between about 300 g/mol and about 1000 g/mol. 97. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 400 g/mol. 98. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the chain branching agent is present in the copolyester composition in an amount between about 0.0036 and about 0.0051 mole-equivalent branches per mole of standardized polymer. 99. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the step of spinning filaments from the copolyester comprises spinning copolyester filaments at a temperature between about 240° C. and about 300° C. 100. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, further comprising the step of forming the copolyester into chips after the step of copolymerizing polyethylene glycol and a chain branching agent into polyethylene terephthalate in the melt phase and before the step of spinning the copolyester composition into a filament. 101. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the step of spinning the copolyester composition into a filament comprises spinning filaments having a mean tenacity of less than 3 grams per denier. 102. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the chain branching agent is selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic dianhydride, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, trimethylol propane, ditrimethylol propane, ethoxylated glycerols, ethoxylated pentaerythritol, and ethoxylated trimethylol propane. 103. A method of preparing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein: the chain branching agent is pentaerythritol; and the pentaerythritol is present in the copolyester composition in an amount between about 500 ppm and about 4000 ppm. 104. A method for producing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, further comprising dyeing the copolyester filament at a temperature of less than about 250° F. 105. A method for producing copolyester fibers according to claim 104, wherein the step of dyeing the copolyester filament at a temperature of less than about 250° F. comprises dyeing the copolyester filament at a temperature of less than about 230° F. 106. A method for producing copolyester fibers according to claim 105, wherein the step of dyeing the copolyester filament at a temperature of less than about 230° F. comprises dyeing the copolyester filament at or below a temperature defined by the boiling point of water at atmospheric pressure. 107. A method for producing copolyester fibers according to claim 89, wherein the step of spinning a filament from the copolyester comprises spinning POY from the copolyester. 108. A method for producing copolyester fibers according to claim 107, further comprising drawing the POY to form drawn yarn. 109. A method for producing copolyester fibers according to claim 108, further comprising: forming the drawn yarn into a fabric; and finishing the fabr