초록 ▼

A motorized fan of a heating module, mounted close to the ceiling of a room, draws the air from an upward location into the heating module through one or more inlets. The air drawn in is forced through and heated by one or more heating elements. The heated air is discharged as a heated primary airfl

A motorized fan of a heating module, mounted close to the ceiling of a room, draws the air from an upward location into the heating module through one or more inlets. The air drawn in is forced through and heated by one or more heating elements. The heated air is discharged as a heated primary airflow through one or more outlets. An auxiliary motor is preferably suspended from the heating module and supports one or more fan blades for producing an upwardly directed secondary airflow. The secondary airflow mixes with the primary airflow to produce a mixture of primary and secondary airflows having a temperature higher than that of the secondary airflow. The force of the secondary airflow causes the mixture of airflows to circulate throughout the room in a toroidal path to near uniformly heat the walls, windows and floor of the room and create an essentially uniform air temperature throughout the room.

대표청구항 ▼

A motorized fan of a heating module, mounted close to the ceiling of a room, draws the air from an upward location into the heating module through one or more inlets. The air drawn in is forced through and heated by one or more heating elements. The heated air is discharged as a heated primary airfl

A motorized fan of a heating module, mounted close to the ceiling of a room, draws the air from an upward location into the heating module through one or more inlets. The air drawn in is forced through and heated by one or more heating elements. The heated air is discharged as a heated primary airflow through one or more outlets. An auxiliary motor is preferably suspended from the heating module and supports one or more fan blades for producing an upwardly directed secondary airflow. The secondary airflow mixes with the primary airflow to produce a mixture of primary and secondary airflows having a temperature higher than that of the secondary airflow. The force of the secondary airflow causes the mixture of airflows to circulate throughout the room in a toroidal path to near uniformly heat the walls, windows and floor of the room and create an essentially uniform air temperature throughout the room. aveguide regions are filled with a filler material having a refractive index higher than 1. 11. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 10, wherein a dielectric pattern is provided on said waveguide region, and said dielectric pattern has a refractive index higher than a substance in contact with a top surface of said core layer. 12. A photonic crystal waveguide comprising: a substrate; a bottom cladding layer over said substrate; and a core layer with a uniform thickness over said bottom cladding layer, said core layer having a uniform distribution of holes; wherein said core layer has at least a waveguide region, on which a dielectric pattern is provided which has a refractive index higher than a substance in contact with a top surface of said core layer. 13. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein said substance in contact with said top surface of said core layer is an air, and said refractive index of said dielectric pattern is higher than 1. 14. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, further comprising a top cladding layer over said core layer, and said top cladding layer is made of the same material as said bottom cladding layer, and said substance in contact with said top surface of said core layer is the same material as said bottom cladding layer, and said refractive index of said dielectric pattern is higher than said top cladding layer. 15. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein a plurality of said waveguide region extends in parallel to each other and distanced from each other to form a directional copular. 16. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein said core layer is made of such a photonic crystal material that a wavelength of a light to be propagated through said waveguide region is in the vicinity of a photonic band gap edge of said photonic crystal material in order to utilize an intense dispersion phenomenon. 17. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a two-dimensional periodical array of through holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 18. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a three-dimensional periodical array of holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 19. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein said holes are filled with an air. 20. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein said waveguide region is thicker than a remaining region of said core layer to cause a refractive index guide effect. 21. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 12, wherein said holes except on said waveguide region are filled with an air, whilst said holes on said waveguide regions are filled with a filler material having a refractive index higher than 1. 22. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 21, wherein said waveguide region is thicker than a remaining region of said core layer to cause a refractive index guide effect. 23. A photonic crystal waveguide comprising: a substrate; a bottom cladding layer over said substrate; and a core layer with a uniform thickness over said bottom cladding layer, said core layer having a uniform distribution of holes; wherein said core layer has at least a waveguide region, and said holes except on said waveguide region are filled with an air, whilst said holes on said waveguide regions are filled with a filler material having a refractive index higher than 1. 24. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, wherein a plurality of said waveguide region extends in parallel to each other and distanced from each other to form a directional copular. 25. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, wherein said core layer is made of such a photonic crystal material that a wavele ngth of a light to be propagated through said waveguide region is in the vicinity of a photonic band gap edge of said photonic crystal material in order to utilize an intense dispersion phenomenon. 26. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a two-dimensional periodical array of through holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 27. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a three-dimensional periodical array of holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 28. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, further comprising a top cladding layer over said core layer. 29. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, wherein said filler material has a temperature coefficient which is inverse in sign to a temperature coefficient of a base material of said core layer. 30. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, wherein said waveguide region is thicker than a remaining region of said core layer to cause a refractive index guide effect. 31. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 23, wherein a dielectric pattern is provided on said waveguide region, and said dielectric pattern has a refractive index higher than a substance in contact with a top surface of said core layer. 32. The photonic crystal waveguide as claimed in claim 31, wherein said waveguide region is thicker than a remaining region of said core layer to cause a refractive index guide effect. 33. A directional coupler comprising: a substrate; a bottom cladding layer over said substrate; and a photonic crystal core layer over said bottom cladding layer, said core layer having a uniform distribution of holes, and said core layer being made of such a photonic crystal material that a wavelength of a light to be propagated through said waveguide region is in the vicinity of a photonic band gap edge of said photonic crystal material in order to utilize an intense dispersion phenomenon; and said core layer having a pair of stripe-shaped waveguide regions which extends in parallel to each other, wherein said stripe-shaped waveguide regions are thicker than a remaining region of said core layer to cause a refractive index guide effect. 34. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 33, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a two-dimensional periodical array of through holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 35. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 33, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a three-dimensional periodical array of holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 36. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 33, further comprising a top cladding layer over said core layer. 37. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 33, wherein said waveguide region has a ridged shape. 38. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 1, wherein said holes are filled with an air. 39. A directional coupler comprising: a substrate; a bottom cladding layer over said substrate; and a photonic crystal core layer over said bottom cladding layer, said core layer having a uniform distribution of holes, and said core layer being made of such a photonic crystal material that a wavelength of a light to be propagated through said waveguide region is in the vicinity of a photonic band gap edge of said photonic crystal material in order to utilize an intense dispersion phenomenon; and said core layer having a pair of stripe-shaped waveguide regions which extends in parallel to each other, wherein dielectric patterns is provided on said waveguide regions, and said dielectric patterns have a refractive index higher than a substance in contact with a top surface of said core layer. 40. The directional cou pler as claimed in claim 39, wherein said substance in contact with said top surface of said core layer is an air, and said refractive index of said dielectric pattern is higher than 1. 41. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 39, further comprising a top cladding layer over said core layer, and said top cladding layer is made of the same material as said bottom cladding layer, and said substance in contact with said top surface of said core layer is the same material as said bottom cladding layer, and said refractive index of said dielectric pattern is higher than said top cladding layer. 42. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 39, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a two-dimensional periodical array of through holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 43. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 39, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a three-dimensional periodical array of holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 44. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 12, wherein said holes are filled with an air. 45. A directional coupler comprising: a substrate; a bottom cladding layer over said substrate; and a photonic crystal core layer over said bottom cladding layer, said core layer having a uniform distribution of holes, and said core layer being made of such a photonic crystal material that a wavelength of a light to be propagated through said waveguide region is in the vicinity of a photonic band gap edge of said photonic crystal material in order to utilize an intense dispersion phenomenon; and said core layer having a pair of stripe-shaped waveguide regions which extends in parallel to each other, wherein said core layer has at least a waveguide region, and said holes except on said waveguide region are filled with an air, whilst said holes on said waveguide regions are filled with a filler material having a refractive index higher than 1. 46. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 45, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a two-dimensional periodical array of through holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 47. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 45, wherein said uniform distribution of said holes comprises a three-dimensional periodical array of holes at a constant pitch between centers of adjacent two of said through holes. 48. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 45, further comprising a top cladding layer over said core layer. 49. The directional coupler as claimed in claim 45, wherein said filler material has a temperature coefficient which is inverse in sign to a temperature coefficient of a base material of said core layer. ed to the first collimator. The final adjustment is made by aligning the second collimator within the housing tube to the core assembly. The resulting optical isolator has a smaller length and diameter, higher reliability and better manufacturing yields.