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In a process and apparatus for two-stage supercharging of process air for a fuel cell, in one of the two charging stages, supercharging taking place by means of a displacement machine. In the other charging stage, supercharging is performed by means of a combined expansion and compression machine. E

In a process and apparatus for two-stage supercharging of process air for a fuel cell, in one of the two charging stages, supercharging taking place by means of a displacement machine. In the other charging stage, supercharging is performed by means of a combined expansion and compression machine. Energy is recovered from the exhaust gas of a fuel cell by means of the combined expansion and compression machine.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A two stage process for charging process air for a fuel cell, comprising: supercharging said process air by means of a displacement machine in one charging stage; supercharging said process air by means of a combined expansion and compression machine in another charging stage; and introducin

1. A two stage process for charging process air for a fuel cell, comprising: supercharging said process air by means of a displacement machine in one charging stage; supercharging said process air by means of a combined expansion and compression machine in another charging stage; and introducing said process air into the fuel cell; wherein energy is recovered from exhaust gas of the fuel cell in one of said charging stages. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the combined expansion and compression machine comprises a compression wave charger. 3. Process according to claim 2, wherein a rotor surface of the compression machine is divided at 1/3 and 2/3 into different registers. 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the combined expansion and compression machine comprises an exhaust gas turbocharger. 5. The process according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust gas turbocharger has a variable turbine geometry. 6. The process according to claim 1, further comprising: supplying at least one of a cathode exhaust gas and an anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell to a catalytic burner; supplying an exhaust gas of the catalytic burner to the combined expansion and compression machine. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the displacement machine comprises one of a reciprocating piston compressor and a rotary piston compressor. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein a pressure control valve for limiting the pressure is provided downstream of the displacement machine in a charge air line. 9. The process according to claim 8, further comprising: supplying air discharged by way of the pressure control valve to the combined expansion and compression machine. 10. A method for operating a fuel cell, comprising: passing process air through a first supercharging stage and a second supercharging stage; and supplying said process air as an input to said fuel cell; wherein one of said first and second supercharging stages comprises a displacement machine, and the other comprises a combined expansion and compression machine; and energy is recovered from exhaust gas of the fuel cell, in one of said supercharging stages. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein said process air passes first through said displacement machine, and thereafter through said combined expansion and compression machine. 12. The method according to claim 10, wherein said process air passes first through said combined expansion and compression machine, and thereafter through said displacement machine. 13. The process according to claim 10, further comprising: supplying at least one of a cathode exhaust gas and an anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell to a catalytic burner; supplying an exhaust gas of the catalytic burner to the combined expansion and compression machine. 14. A fuel cell system, comprising: a fuel cell unit; a supercharging apparatus for supplying compressed air to said fuel cell unit; wherein, said supercharging apparatus includes a first supercharging stage and a second supercharging stage; one of said first and second supercharging stages comprises a displacement machine, and the other comprises a combined expansion and compression machine; and energy is recovered from exhaust gas of the fuel cell, in one of said first and second stages. 15. The process according to claim 14, further comprising: supplying at least one of a cathode exhaust gas and an anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell to a catalytic burner; supplying an exhaust gas of the catalytic burner to the combined expansion and compression machine.