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An improved efficiency thermoelectric system is disclosed wherein convection is actively facilitated through a thermoelectric array. Thermoelectrics are commonly used for cooling and heating applications. Thermal power is convected through a thermoelectric array toward at least one side of the therm

An improved efficiency thermoelectric system is disclosed wherein convection is actively facilitated through a thermoelectric array. Thermoelectrics are commonly used for cooling and heating applications. Thermal power is convected through a thermoelectric array toward at least one side of the thermoelectric array, which leads to increased efficiency. Several different configurations are disclosed to provide convective thermal power transport, using a convective medium. In addition, a control system is disclosed which responds to one or more inputs to make adjustments to the thermoelectric system.

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An improved efficiency thermoelectric system is disclosed wherein convection is actively facilitated through a thermoelectric array. Thermoelectrics are commonly used for cooling and heating applications. Thermal power is convected through a thermoelectric array toward at least one side of the therm

An improved efficiency thermoelectric system is disclosed wherein convection is actively facilitated through a thermoelectric array. Thermoelectrics are commonly used for cooling and heating applications. Thermal power is convected through a thermoelectric array toward at least one side of the thermoelectric array, which leads to increased efficiency. Several different configurations are disclosed to provide convective thermal power transport, using a convective medium. In addition, a control system is disclosed which responds to one or more inputs to make adjustments to the thermoelectric system. hod for operating an engine control system, such engine system having an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold, exhaust gas in such exhaust manifold fed to a variable geometry turbine, such turbine being connected to a compressor, such compressor feeding air to the intake manifold through an electronically controlled throttle, such variable geometry turbine being controlled by a variable geometry turbine control signal, such electronically variable throttle being controlled by a throttle control signal, such method comprising: determining engine torque demand and engine speed; determining from the determined torque demand and engine speed a desired intake manifold pressure pintake,desiredand a desired exhaust manifold pressure pexhaust,desired; determining a feed forward throttle signal uthrottle,desiredand a feed forward VGT signal uvgt,desiredin accordance with the measured engine speed and determined desired intake manifold pressure pintake,desired; measuring engine intake manifold pressure pintakeand engine exhaust manifold pressure pexhaust; forming a first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredbetween measured and the desired intake pressure and a second error signal pexhaust-pexhaust,desired; forming a weighted sum signal evgtas: evgt=w·(pintake-pintake,desired)+(1-w)·(pexhaust-pexhaust,desired) where w is a number between 0 and 1; combining the determined feed forward throttle signal uthrottle,desired,with the formed first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredmultiplied by a gain kp,throttleand the integral state of the formed first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredmultiplied by a gain ki,throttleto produce a signal e'throttle(t); combining the determined feed forward VGT signal uvgt,desiredwith a signal e'vgt(t) where e'vgt(t) is the formed signal evgtmultiplied by a gain kp,vgtand the integral state of the formed signal evgtmultiplied by ki,vgt; adding the signal e'throttle(t) to the determined feed forward signal uthrottle,desiredto produce a first composite signal uthrottle; feeding such first composite signal to the throttle; adding the signal e'vgt(t) to the signal uvgt(t) to produce a second composite signal uvgt(t); feeding such second composite signal uvgt(t) to the VGT. 9. An article of manufacture, comprising: a computer storage medium having a computer program encoded therein for executing a method for operating a engine control system, such engine system having an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold, exhaust gas in such exhaust manifold fed to a variable geometry turbine, such turbine being connected to a compressor, such compressor feeding air to the intake manifold through an electronically controlled throttle, such variable geometry turbine being controlled by a variable geometry turbine control signal, such electronically variable throttle being controlled by a throttle control signal, such computer storage medium comprising: code for combining a difference between an actual intake manifold pressure and a desired intake manifold pressure and a difference between an actual exhaust manifold pressure and a desired exhaust gas pressure into a composite signal to provide the variable geometry turbine control signal and the difference between the actual intake manifold pressure and the desired intake manifold pressure to produce the throttle control signal. 10. An article of manufacture, comprising: a computer storage medium having a computer program encoded therein for executing a method for operating a engine control system, such engine system havi ng an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold, exhaust gas in such exhaust manifold fed to a variable geometry turbine, such turbine being connected to a compressor, such compressor feeding air to the intake manifold through an electronically controlled throttle, such variable geometry turbine being controlled by a variable geometry turbine control signal, such electronically variable throttle being controlled by a throttle control signal, such storage medium comprising: code for determining engine torque demand and engine speed; code for determining from the determined torque demand and engine speed a desired intake manifold pressure pintake,desiredand a desired exhaust manifold pressure pexhaust,desired; code for determining a feed forward throttle signal uthrottle,desiredand a feed forward VGT signal uvgt,desiredin accordance with the measured engine speed and determined desired intake manifold pressure pintake,desired; code for measuring engine intake manifold pressure pintakeand engine exhaust manifold pressure pexhaust; code for forming a first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredbetween measured and the desired intake pressure and a second error signal pexhaust-pexhaust,desired; code for forming a weighted sum signal evgtas: evgt=w·(pintake-pintake,desired)+(1-w)·(pexhaust-pexhaust,desired), where w is a number between 0 and 1; code for combining the determined feed forward throttle signal uthrottle,desired,with the formed first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredmultiplied by a gain kp,throttleand the integral state of the formed first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredmultiplied by a gain ki,throttleto produce a signal e'throttle(t); code for combining the determined feed forward VGT signal uvgt,desiredwith a signal e'vgt(t) where e'vgt(t) is the formed signal evgtmultiplied by a gain kp,vgtand the integral state of the formed signal evgtmultiplied by ki,vgt; code for adding the signal e'throttle(t) to the determined feed forward signal uthrottle,desiredto produce a first composite signal uthrottle; code for feeding such first composite signal to the throttle; code for adding the signal e'vgt(t) to the signal uvgt(t) to produce a second composite signal uvgt(t); code for feeding such second composite signal uvgt(t) to the VGT. 11. An engine control system comprising: an engine having: an intake manifold; an exhaust manifold; a compressor; an electronically controllable throttle; a variable geometry turbine fed by exhaust in such exhaust manifold, such turbine being connected to the compressor; wherein the compressor feeds air to the intake manifold through an electronically controlled throttle, such variable geometry turbine being controlled by a variable geometry turbine control signal, such electronically variable throttle being controlled by a throttle control signal a processor for combining a difference between an actual intake manifold pressure and a desired intake manifold pressure and a difference between an actual exhaust manifold pressure and a desired exhaust gas pressure into a composite signal to provide the variable geometry turbine control signal and the difference between the actual intake manifold pressure and the desired intake manifold pressure to produce the throttle control signal. 12. The system recited in claim 11 wherein the processor: forms a first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredbetween a measured intake pressure pintake,desiredand a desired intake pressure pintake,desiredand a second error signal pexhaust-pexhaust,desiredbetween a desired exhaust manifold pressure intake pressure pexhaust,desiredand a desired exhaust manifold pressure pexhaust; feeds a first function of the difference between the first error signal and the second error signal to the signal to the VGT; feeds a second function of the first error signal to the throttle. 13. The system recited in claim 12 wherein the first function comprises forming a weighted sum signal evgtas: evgt=w·(pintake-pintake,desired)+(1-w)·(pexhaust-pexhaust,desired) where w is a number between 0 and 1. 14. The system recited in claim 13 wherein the processor: forms a signal e'vgt(t) where e'vgt(t) is the formed signal evgtmultiplied by a gain kp,vgtand the integral state of the formed signal evgtmultiplied by ki,vgt; and feeds the signal e'vgt(t) to the VGT. 15. The system recited in claim 14 wherein the processor forms a signal e'throttle(t), where e'throttle(t) is the first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredmultiplied by a gain kp,throttleand the integral state of the formed first error signal pintake-pintake,desiredmultiplied by a gain ki,throttle.