IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0034739
(2001-12-26)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Breault, Richard D.
- Van Dine, Leslie L.
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
Chisholm, Jr., Malcolm J.
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
6 |
초록
▼
The invention reduces free water volume in a fuel cell power plant so support systems of the plant are freeze tolerant. The fuel cell power plant includes a coolant system having a sealed cooler plate that circulates an antifreeze coolant in heat exchange with a fuel cell and that collects fuel cell
The invention reduces free water volume in a fuel cell power plant so support systems of the plant are freeze tolerant. The fuel cell power plant includes a coolant system having a sealed cooler plate that circulates an antifreeze coolant in heat exchange with a fuel cell and that collects fuel cell water; a water vapor removal system that removes water vapor from the antifreeze coolant to regulate the antifreeze concentration; and a start-up system having a start-up heat exchanger and a start-up valve that selectively direct heated antifreeze coolant into the cooler plate for a start-up procedure. The plant may also include a fuel processing system that utilizes the removed water vapor, and that is in heat exchange with the start-up heat exchanger. The antifreeze coolant is a low vapor pressure solution, such as an alkanetriol or polyethylene glycol.
대표청구항
▼
The invention reduces free water volume in a fuel cell power plant so support systems of the plant are freeze tolerant. The fuel cell power plant includes a coolant system having a sealed cooler plate that circulates an antifreeze coolant in heat exchange with a fuel cell and that collects fuel cell
The invention reduces free water volume in a fuel cell power plant so support systems of the plant are freeze tolerant. The fuel cell power plant includes a coolant system having a sealed cooler plate that circulates an antifreeze coolant in heat exchange with a fuel cell and that collects fuel cell water; a water vapor removal system that removes water vapor from the antifreeze coolant to regulate the antifreeze concentration; and a start-up system having a start-up heat exchanger and a start-up valve that selectively direct heated antifreeze coolant into the cooler plate for a start-up procedure. The plant may also include a fuel processing system that utilizes the removed water vapor, and that is in heat exchange with the start-up heat exchanger. The antifreeze coolant is a low vapor pressure solution, such as an alkanetriol or polyethylene glycol. rein the surface glaze layer is absent on a part of the surface thereof. 5. The sanitary ware according to claim 1, which further comprises a glaze layer or layers between the sanitary ware body and the surface glaze layer. 6. The sanitary ware according to claim 1, wherein a color glaze layer or layers are provided between the sanitary ware body and the surface glaze layer and the surface glaze layer is transparent. 7. The sanitary ware according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the surface glaze layer is absent on a part of the surface thereof. 8. The sanitary ware according to claim 1, wherein the surface glaze layer has a contact angle with water of less than 30°. 9. The sanitary ware according to claim 8, wherein the contact angle of the surface glaze layer with water is not more than 25°. 10. The sanitary ware according to claim 8, wherein the contact angle of the surface glaze layer with water is not more than 20°. 11. The sanitary ware according to claim 1, which is a strainer for urinals, a toilet, a urinal, a flush tank for toilets or urinals, a washbowl in a washstand, or a wash hand basin. 12. The sanitary ware according to claim 1, which is a toilet or a urinal, said surface glaze layer being provided at least on the surface of a bowl of the toilet or the urinal, said surface glaze layer being absent on a part of the surface of the toilet or the urinal. 13. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 1, said process comprising the steps of: applying a particulate glaze material having a 50% particle diameter of not more than 1.5 μm onto a sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; and firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layer provided thereon. 14. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 1, said process comprising the steps of: applying an amorphous glaze material onto a sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; and firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layer provided thereon. 15. The process according to claim 14, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze material. 16. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 1, said process comprising the steps of: applying a mixed glaze comprised of an amorphous glaze material and a non-frit glaze material onto sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; and firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layer provided thereon. 17. The process according to claim 16, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze material. 18. The process according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the non-frit glaze material has been subjected to size reduction. 19. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 1, said process comprising the steps of: applying a colorant-containing glaze material onto a sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for a color glaze layer; applying a glaze material, capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer, onto the precursor layer to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layers provided thereon. 20. The process according to claim 19, wherein the glaze material capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer is a particulate glaze having a 50% particle diameter of not more than 1.5 μm. 21. The process according to claim 19, wherein the glaze material capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer is an amorphous glaze material. 22. The process according to claim 21, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze material. 23. The process according to claim 19, wherein the glaze material capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer is a mixed glaze comprised of an amorphous glaze material and a non-frit glaze material. 24. The process according to claim 23, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze mater ial. 25. A sanitary ware produced by the process according to claim 19. 26. A sanitary ware comprising: a sanitary ware body; and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, the surface glaze layer having a kurtosis Rku of less than 2.70. 27. The sanitary ware according to claim 26, wherein the kurtosis Rku is not more than 2.60. 28. The sanitary ware according to claim 26, wherein the kurtosis Rku is not more than 2.50. 29. The sanitary ware according to any one of claims 26 to 28, which further comprises a glaze layer or layers between the sanitary ware body and the surface glaze layer. 30. The sanitary ware according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein a color glaze layer or layers are provided between the sanitary ware body and the surface glaze layer and the surface glaze layer is transparent. 31. The sanitary ware according to claim 26, which is a strainer for urinals, a toilet, a urinal, a flush tank for toilets or urinals, a washbowl in a washstand, or a wash hand basin. 32. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 26, said process comprising the steps of: applying a particulate glaze material having a 50% particle diameter of not more than 1.5 μm onto a sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; and firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layer provided thereon. 33. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 26, said process comprising the steps of: applying an amorphous glaze material onto a sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; and firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layer provided thereon. 34. The process according to claim 33, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze material. 35. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 26, said process comprising the steps of: applying a mixed glaze comprised of an amorphous glaze material and a non-frit glaze material onto a sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; and firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layer provided thereon. 36. The process according to claim 35, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze material. 37. The process according to claim 35 or 36, wherein the non-frit glaze material has been subjected to size reduction. 38. A process for producing a sanitary ware according to claim 26, said process comprising the steps of: applying a colorant-containing glaze material onto a sanitary ware body to form a precursor layer for a color glaze layer; applying a glaze material, capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer, onto the precursor layer to form a precursor layer for the surface glaze layer; and firing the sanitary ware body with the precursor layers provided thereon. 39. The process according to claim 38, wherein the glaze material capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer is a particulate glaze having a 50% particle diameter of not more than 1.5 μm. 40. The process according to claim 38, wherein the glaze material capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer is an amorphous glaze material. 41. The process according to claim 40, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze material. 42. The process according to claim 38, wherein the glaze material capable of forming a transparent surface glaze layer is a mixed glaze comprised of an amorphous glaze material and a non-frit glaze material. 43. The process according to claim 42, wherein the amorphous glaze material is a vitrified frit glaze material. 44. A sanitary ware produced by the process according to claim 38. 45. A sanitary ware comprising: a sanitary ware body; and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, the surface of the surface glaze layer consisting essentially of a vitreous component and, in addition, being free from silica particles having a particle diameter o
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.