초록 ▼

A pulmonary dosing system and method for supplying to a patient a predetermined amount of respirable therapeutically active material is disclosed. The system comprises a patient interface to introduce the material into the patient's lungs and an apparatus for providing pulsed amounts of the material

A pulmonary dosing system and method for supplying to a patient a predetermined amount of respirable therapeutically active material is disclosed. The system comprises a patient interface to introduce the material into the patient's lungs and an apparatus for providing pulsed amounts of the material to a plenum chamber. The plenum chamber has a diffuser baffle which increases the efficiency of the dosing system by preventing axial flow of the active material thereby utilizing the available volume of the chamber for holding the aerosolized drug prior to inhalation.

대표청구항 ▼

A pulmonary dosing system and method for supplying to a patient a predetermined amount of respirable therapeutically active material is disclosed. The system comprises a patient interface to introduce the material into the patient's lungs and an apparatus for providing pulsed amounts of the material

A pulmonary dosing system and method for supplying to a patient a predetermined amount of respirable therapeutically active material is disclosed. The system comprises a patient interface to introduce the material into the patient's lungs and an apparatus for providing pulsed amounts of the material to a plenum chamber. The plenum chamber has a diffuser baffle which increases the efficiency of the dosing system by preventing axial flow of the active material thereby utilizing the available volume of the chamber for holding the aerosolized drug prior to inhalation. to F1'+(1-F1') P, where: F1' is a function of measured throttle load divided by measured airflow load and P=0 if pedal position is relatively low, 1 if pedal position exceeds a predetermined relatively high pedal position, or a proportional intermediate value between 0 and 1 if the pedal position is between the relatively low and relatively high pedal positions and applying such calculated factor to the signal fed to the electronically controlled throttle; and if the measured airflow load is less than the measured throttle load having the factor tr_intprv_ml equal to a value of 1. 5. An internal combustion engine system, comprising: an electronically controlled throttle disposed in the airflow to an intake manifold of the engine; an airflow meter disposed in such airflow to the intake manifold of the engine; an operator pedal: a controller programmed to respond to a torque demand input to the engine through the operator pedal, such torque demand increasing as such pedal position increases and such torque demand decreasing as such pedal position decreases, such torque demand producing a signal fed to the electronically controlled throttle, such processor comparing at least two independent estimates of torque with a commanded torque demand on the engine; and if the maximum of the two independent estimates of torque exceeds the commanded torque demand, torque demand on the engine is potentially intervened; and, if the load estimated from an air meter disposed in the path of air flow to the engine is greater than estimated load from throttle position, then the demand is reduced to prevent said potential intervention. 6. An internal combustion engine system, comprising: an electronically controlled throttle disposed in the airflow to an intake manifold of the engine; an airflow meter disposed in such airflow to the intake manifold of the engine; an operator pedal; a controller programmed to respond to a torque demand input to the engine through the operator pedal, such torque demand increasing as such pedal position increases and such torque demand decreasing as such pedal position decreases, such torque demand producing a signal fed to the electronically controlled throttle, such processor comparing torque demand with two independent torque estimates; if such comparison indicates the maximum of the two torque estimates exceeds the torque demand, potentially intervening in engine torque production, and, in order to prevent, or minimize, unnecessary engine torque production intervention, reducing a torque demand signal to the throttle by a factor, such factor being a function of airflow meter estimated demand divided by throttle position estimated demand. 7. The system recited in claim 6 wherein the factor is equal to F1'+(1-F1')P, where: F1' is a function of measured throttle load divided by measured airflow load and P=0 if pedal position is relatively low, 1 if pedal position exceeds a predetermined relatively high pedal position, or a proportional intermediate value between 0 and 1 if the pedal position is between the relatively low and relatively high pedal positions and if the measured airflow load is less than the measured throttle load the factor equals a value of 1 comparing at least two independent estimates of torque with a commanded torque demand on the engine; and if the maximum of the two independent estimates of torque exceeds the commanded torque demand, torque demand on the engine is potentially intervened; and, if the load estimated from an air meter disposed in the path of air flow to the engine is greater than estimated load from throttle position, then the demand is reduced to prevent said potential intervention. 8. An internal combustion engine system, comprising: an electronically controlled throttle disposed in the airflow to an intake manifold of the engine; an airflow meter disposed in such airflow to the intake manifold of the engine; an operator pedal; and a controller programmed t o respond to a torque demand input to the engine through the operator pedal, such torque demand increasing as such pedal position increases and such torque demand decreasing as such pedal position decreases, such torque demand producing a signal fed to the electronically controlled throttle, such processor: comparing, measured throttle load with measured airflow load; and if the measured airflow load is greater than the measured throttle load, calculating a factor tr_intprv_ml, where tr_intprv_ml is equal to F1'+(1-F1')P, where: F1' is a function of measured throttle load divided by measured airflow load and P=0 if pedal position is relatively low, 1 if pedal position exceeds a predetermined relatively high pedal position, or a proportional intermediate value between 0 and 1 if the pedal position is between the relatively low and relatively high pedal positions and applying such calculated factor to the signal fed to the electronically controlled throttle; and if the measured airflow load is less than the measured throttle load having the factor tr_intprv_ml equal to a value of 1. 9. An article of manufacture having thereon: computer code for controlling intervention of an internal combustion engine having an electronically controlled throttle, comprising: code for comparing at least two independent estimates of torque with a commanded torque demand on the engine; if the maximum of the two independent estimates of torque exceeds the commanded torque demand, torque demand on the engine is potentially intervened; and, if the load estimated from an air meter disposed in the path of air flow to the engine is greater than estimated load from throttle position, then the demand is reduced to prevent said potential intervention. 10. An article of manufacture having thereon: code for comparing torque demand with two independent torque estimates; if such comparison indicates the maximum of the two torque estimates exceeds the torque demand, potentially intervening in engine torque production, and, in order to prevent, or minimize, unnecessary engine torque production intervention, reducing a torque demand signal to the throttle by a factor, such factor being a function of airflow meter estimated demand divided by throttle position estimated demand. 11. The article of manufacture recited in claim 10 wherein the factor is equal to F1'+(1-F1') P, where: F1' is a function of measured throttle load divided by measured airflow load and P=0 if pedal position is relatively low, 1 if pedal position exceeds a predetermined relatively high pedal position, or a proportional intermediate value between 0 and 1 if the pedal position is between the relatively low and relatively high pedal positions and if the measured airflow load is less than the measured throttle load the factor equals a value of 1. 12. An article of manufacture having thereon: code for controlling intervention of an internal combustion engine having an electronically controlled throttle disposed in the airflow to an intake manifold of the engine and an airflow meter disposed in such airflow to the intake manifold of the engine, such engine having a torque demand input to the engine through an operator pedal, such torque demand increasing as such pedal position increases and such torque demand decreasing as such pedal position decreases, such torque demand producing a signal fed to the electronically controlled throttle, comprising: code for comparing, measured throttle load with measured airflow load; and if the measured airflow load is greater than the measured throttle load, calculating a factor tr_intprv_ml, where tr_intprv_ml is equal to F1'+(1-F1') P, where: F1' is a function of measured throttle load divided by measured airflow load and P=0 if pedal position is relatively low, 1 if pedal position exceeds a predetermined relatively high pedal position, or a proportional intermediate value between 0 and 1 if the pedal position is between the relatively low and relatively high pedal positions and applying such calculated factor to the signal fed to the electronically controlled throttle; and if the measured airflow load is less than the measured throttle load having the factor tr_intprv_ml equal to a value of 1.