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The present invention is further directed to a refreshable display system with a flexible surface, with one application being a refreshable Braille display systems for use as a monitor for computer systems. In one embodiment, the present invention is a refreshable Braille display system or a module

The present invention is further directed to a refreshable display system with a flexible surface, with one application being a refreshable Braille display systems for use as a monitor for computer systems. In one embodiment, the present invention is a refreshable Braille display system or a module from such a system comprising a) a plurality of microelectromechanical valves having a top surface and a bottom surface, each microelectromechanical valves having an opening or positioned in line with an opening, each of which represents a Braille dot and each opening arranged in a pattern of Braille cells with the Braille cells forming a Braille display; and b) an elastomeric polymer having a upper and a lower surface, the lower surface of the elastomeric polymer being sealed about each openings which represent the Braille dots; wherein during operation of the display system the upper surface of the elastomeric polymer forms a plurality of Braille dots which are extended and retracted based upon the operation of each of the electromechanical valves. In other embodiments, the refreshable Braille display system uses microelectromechanical piezoelectric devices or microelectromechanical shape memory alloy actuated devices in place of the microelectromechanical valves.

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1. A refreshable Braille display system or module from such a system comprising a) a plurality of microelectromechanical valves having a top surface and a bottom surface, each microelectromechanical valves having an opening or positioned in line with an opening each of which represents a Braille d

1. A refreshable Braille display system or module from such a system comprising a) a plurality of microelectromechanical valves having a top surface and a bottom surface, each microelectromechanical valves having an opening or positioned in line with an opening each of which represents a Braille dot and each opening arranged in a pattern of Braille cells with the Braille cells forming a Braille display; and b) an elastomeric polymer having a upper and a lower surface, the lower surface of the elastomeric polymer being sealed about each opening which represent the Braille dots; wherein during operation of the display system the upper surface of the elastomeric polymer forms a plurality of Braille dots which are extended and retracted based upon the operation of the electromechanical valves. 2. The system or module in claim 1, wherein the elastomeric polymer is a continuous coating or film over the top of the housing for the Braille display.3. The system or module in claim 2, wherein the elastomeric polymer has a modulus of elasticity less than 500,000 psi.4. The system or module in claim 3, wherein the continuous coating or film has a thickness from 0.001 to 1.25 mm.5. The system or module in claim 4, wherein the microelectromechanical valves are electrostatically actuated.6. The system or module in claim 5, wherein the elastomeric polymer is a thermoplastic polyolefin.7. A refreshable Braille display system of a module from such a system comprising a) a plurality of microelectromechanical piezoelectric based devices having a top surface and a bottom surface, each microelectromechanical piezoelectric based device having an opening or positioned in line with an opening each of which represents a Braille dot and each opening arranged in a pattern of Braille cells with the Braille cells forming a Braille display; and b) an elastomeric polymer having a upper and a lower surface, the lower surface of the elastomeric polymer being sealed about the openings which represent the Braille dots; wherein during operation of the display system the upper surface of the elastomeric polymer forms a plurality of Braille dots which are extended and retracted based upon the operation of the electromechanical piezoelectric based devices. 8. The system or module in claim 7, wherein the elastomeric polymer is a continuous coating or film over the top of the housing for the Braille display.9. The system or module in claim 8, wherein the elastomeric polymer has a modulus of elasticity of less than 500.000 psi.10. The system or module in claim 9, wherein the continuous coating or film has a thickness from 0.001 to 1.25 mm.11. The system or module in claim 10, wherein the elastomeric polymer is a thermoplastic polyolefin.12. A refreshable Braille display system or module from such a system comprising a) a plurality of microelectromechanical shape memory alloy based devices having a top surface and a bottom surface, each microelectromechanical shape memory alloy based device having an opening or positioned in line with an opening each of which represents a Braille dot and each opening arranged in a pattern of Braille cells with the Braille cells forming a Braille display; and b) an elastomeric polymer having a upper and a lower surface, the lower surface of the elastomeric polymer being sealed about the openings which represent the Braille dots; wherein during operation of the display system the upper surface of the elastomeric polymer forms a plurality of Braille dots which are extended and retracted based upon the operation of the electromechanical shape memory alloy based devices. 13. The system or module in claim 12, wherein the elastomeric polymer is a continuous coating or film over the top of the housing for the Braille display.14. The system or module in claim 13, wherein the elastomeric polymer has a modulus of elasticity of less than 500,000 psi.15. The system or module in claim 14, wherein the continuous coating or fi lm has a thickness from 0.001 to 1.25 mm.16. The system or module in claim 15, wherein the elastomeric polymer is a thermoplastic polyolefin.