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A co-doped silicate optical waveguide having a core including silica, and oxides of aluminum, germanium, erbium and thulium. The composition concentrations are: Er from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm; Al from 0.5 mol % to 12 mol %; Tm from 15 ppm to 10000 ppm; and Ge from 1 mol % to 20 mol %. In a specific embo

A co-doped silicate optical waveguide having a core including silica, and oxides of aluminum, germanium, erbium and thulium. The composition concentrations are: Er from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm; Al from 0.5 mol % to 12 mol %; Tm from 15 ppm to 10000 ppm; and Ge from 1 mol % to 20 mol %. In a specific embodiment, the concentration of Er is from 150 ppm to 1500 ppm; Al is from 2 mol % to 8 mol %; and Tm is from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm. A boron-less cladding surrounds the core.

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1. A silicate optical waveguide comprising:a) a core comprising silica, and oxides of Al, Ge, Er, and Tm;i) wherein the concentration of Er is from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm,ii) the concentration of Al is from 0.5 mol % to 12 mol %,iii) the concentration of Tm is from 15 ppm to 10000 ppm, andiv) the concen

1. A silicate optical waveguide comprising:a) a core comprising silica, and oxides of Al, Ge, Er, and Tm;i) wherein the concentration of Er is from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm,ii) the concentration of Al is from 0.5 mol % to 12 mol %,iii) the concentration of Tm is from 15 ppm to 10000 ppm, andiv) the concentration of Ge is from 1 mol % to 20 mol %; andb) a boron-free cladding immediately surrounding the core. 2. The waveguide of claim 1, whereina) the concentration of Er is from 150 ppm to 1500 ppm;b) the concentration of Al is from 2 mol % to 8 mol %; andc) the concentration of Tm is from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm. 3. The waveguide of claim 1, wherein the concentration of Er is from 150 ppm to 1500 ppm. 4. The waveguide of claim 1, wherein the concentration of Al is from 2 mol % to 8 mol %. 5. The waveguide of claim 1, wherein the concentration of Tm is from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm. 6. The waveguide of claim 1, the core further comprising F. 7. The waveguide of claim 6, wherein the concentration of F is less than or equal to 6 anion mol %. 8. The waveguide of claim 1, wherein the waveguide is an optical fiber. 9. An amplifier including the waveguide of claim 1. 10. The waveguide of claim 1, said core comprising at least a first and a second region, wherein the first region contains a substantially different Er to Tm ratio than the second region. 11. The waveguide of claim 10, wherein said regions are in an annular arrangement. 12. The waveguide of claim 10, wherein the core is made with multiple MCVD passes. 13. The waveguide of claim 10, wherein the core is made with multiple sol-gel passes. 14. The waveguide of claim 10, wherein the core is made with multiple soot deposition, solution doping, and consolidation passes. 15. A silicate optical fiber comprising:a) a core comprising silica, and oxides of Al, Ge, Er, and Tm;i) wherein the concentration of Er is from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm,ii) the concentration of Al is from 0.5 mol % to 12 mol %,iii) the concentration of Tm is from 15 ppm to 10000 ppm, andiv) the concentration of Ge is from 1 mol % to 20 mol %;b) wherein the intensity of the spontaneous emission at 1600 nm is no less than −8.8 dB relative to the maximum emission intensity at ˜1.53 μm and wherein the intensity of the spontaneous emission at 1650 nm is no less than −14.4 dB relative to the maximum emission intensity at ˜1.53 μm. 16. The optical fiber of claim 15, whereina) the concentration of Er is from 150 ppm to 1500 ppm;b) the concentration of Al is from 2 mol % to 8 mol %; andc) the concentration of Tm is from 15 ppm to 3000 ppm. 17. The optical fiber of claim 15, the core further comprising F, wherein the concentration of F is less than or equal to 6 anion mol %. 18. An amplifier including the optical fiber of claim 15. 19. The optical fiber of claim 15, said core comprising at least a first and a second region, wherein the first region contains a substantially different Er to Tm ratio than the second region. 20. The fiber of claim 19, wherein said regions are in an annular arrangement.