Method and apparatus for pulsed detonation coating of internal surfaces of small diameter tubes and the like
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C23C-004/12
B05C-005/04
출원번호
US-0123522
(2002-04-17)
발명자
/ 주소
Eidelman, Shmuel
출원인 / 주소
Science Applications International Corporation
대리인 / 주소
Banner & Witcoff, Ltd.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
2인용 특허 :
10
초록▼
A pulsed detonation gun comprises a small-diameter detonation tube, an igniter, and an outlet for discharging detonation products containing a coating material. A detonable or reactive mixture containing a coating precursor is formed in the detonation tube, and the detonable or reactive mixture is i
A pulsed detonation gun comprises a small-diameter detonation tube, an igniter, and an outlet for discharging detonation products containing a coating material. A detonable or reactive mixture containing a coating precursor is formed in the detonation tube, and the detonable or reactive mixture is ignited to produce detonation or reaction products containing the coating precursor or a coating material formed in situ during a detonation process or a deflagration process. The coating material is discharged through the outlet and is contacted with the substrate to produce a coating. The device is particularly useful for coating the inside surfaces of small-diameter tubes and a variety of other difficult-to-reach substrate surfaces.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for producing a coating on a substrate using a pulsed detonation gun, the method comprising:providing a pulsed detonation gun comprising a detonation tube having an internal diameter of less than 10 mm, an igniter, and an outlet for discharging detonation products;forming a detonable mix
1. A method for producing a coating on a substrate using a pulsed detonation gun, the method comprising:providing a pulsed detonation gun comprising a detonation tube having an internal diameter of less than 10 mm, an igniter, and an outlet for discharging detonation products;forming a detonable mixture containing at least one coating precursor in said detonation tube;igniting said detonable mixture to produce detonation products containing said coating precursor; andcontacting said coating precursor with said substrate to produce a coating on said substrate. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said at least one coating precursor comprises particles selected from the group consisting of metals, cements, ceramics, polymers, and combinations thereof. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein said particles have a mean particle size of less than about 50μ. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 10μ. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 1μ. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 100 nm. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 10 nm. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the diameter is less than about 5 mm. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the diameter is less than about 2 mm. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein said steps of forming and igniting said detonable mixture are intermittently performed at a frequency of from about 0.1 to about 1,000 Hz. 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising a step of accelerating said detonation products containing said coating precursor in a low-pressure chamber having a pressure of less than 1 atmosphere. 12. A method for producing a coating on a substrate using a pulsed detonation gun in which a coating material is formed in situ from a coating precursor, the method comprising:providing a pulsed detonation gun comprising a detonation tube having an internal diameter of less than 10 mm, an igniter, and an outlet for discharging detonation products;forming a detonable or reactive mixture containing at least one coating precursor in said detonation tube;igniting said detonable or reactive mixture to produce high-temperature detonation or reaction products and to form said coating material; andcontacting said coating material with said substrate to produce a coating on said substrate. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein said coating precursor comprises a gaseous or liquid metalorganic compound selected from the group consisting of silane, disilane, germane, tungsten hexaflurade, trimethylboron, cadmium acetate, magnesium ethoxide, tantalum V-methoxide, tungsten V-ethoxide, zinc naphenate, and zirconium n-butoxide. 14. The method of claim 13 where said metalorganic compound is used as fuel for detonation. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the diameter is less than about 5 mm. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the diameter is less than about 2 mm. 17. The method of claim 12 wherein said coating precursor comprises particles having a mean particle size of less than about 50μ. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 10μ. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 1μ. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 100 nm. 21. The method of claim 20 wherein said mean particle size is less than about 10μ. 22. The method of claim 12 wherein said steps of forming and igniting said detonable mixture are intermittently performed at a frequency of from about 0.1 to about 1,000 Hz. 23. The method of claim 12 further comprising a step of accelerating said detonation products containing said coating precursor in a low-pressure chamber having a pressure of less than 1 atmosphere. 24. A method for producing a coating on an internal surface of a tube using a pulsed detonation gun, the method comprising:providing a pulsed detonation gun compr ising a detonation chamber, an igniter, and an outlet for discharging detonation products;forming a mixture of at least one coating precursor in fuel or oxidizer;injecting said mixture into said detonation chamber and forming a detonable mixture;igniting said detonable mixture to produce detonation products containing said coating precursor; andcontacting said coating precursor with said internal surface of said tube to produce a coating on said surface. 25. A pulsed detonation coating apparatus comprising a detonation tube for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture, wherein said detonation tube has an internal diameter of less than 10 mm and comprises:at least one inlet for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture containing at least one coating precursor;an igniter for igniting said detonable or reactive mixture to produce detonation or reaction products containing said coating precursor or a coating material produced from said coating precursor; andan outlet for discharging said coating precursor or said coating material toward a substrate. 26. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein said igniter intermittently ignites said detonable or reactive mixture at a frequency of from about 0.1 to about 1,000 Hz. 27. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein said detonation tube has a diameter of less than about 5 mm. 28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the diameter is less than about 2 mm. 29. The apparatus of claim 25 further comprising a nozzle in communication with said detonation tube. 30. A pulsed detonation coating apparatus comprising a detonation tube for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture, wherein said detonation tube comprises:at least one inlet for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture containing at least one coating precursor;an igniter for igniting said detonable or reactive mixture to produce detonation or reaction products containing said coating precursor or a coating material produced from said coating precursor;an outlet for discharging said coating precursor or said coating material toward a substrate; anda nozzle in communication with said detonation tube, wherein said nozzle is flexible and is displaceable to a plurality of coating positions. 31. A pulsed detonation coating apparatus comprising a detonation tube for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture, wherein said detonation tube comprises:at least one inlet for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture containing at least one coating precursor;an igniter for igniting said detonable or reactive mixture to produce detonation or reaction products containing said coating precursor or a coating material produced from said coating precursor;an outlet for discharging said coating precursor or said coating material toward a substrate; anda nozzle in communication with said detonation tube, wherein said nozzle is fixed at a predetermined angle greater than 0° relative to the axis of the detonation tube. 32. The apparatus of claim 31 wherein the nozzle is fixed at an angle of about 45°-135° relative to the axis of the detonation tube. 33. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein the angle is about 90°. 34. A pulsed detonation coating apparatus comprising a detonation tube for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture, wherein said detonation tube comprises;at least one inlet for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture containing at least one coating precursor;an igniter for igniting said detonable or reactive mixture to produce detonation or reaction products containing said coating precursor or a coating material produced from said coating precursor;an outlet for discharging said coating precursor or said coating material toward a substrate; anda nozzle in communication with said detonation tube, wherein said nozzle is configured as a showerhead having a plurality of small openings for directing the coating material toward a substrate to be coated. 35. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein said igniter intermittently ignites said detonable mixture at a frequency of from about 0.1 to about 1,000 Hz. 36. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein said detonation tube has a diameter of less than about 5 mm. 37. The apparatus of claim 36 wherein the diameter is less than about 2 mm. 38. A pulsed detonation coating apparatus comprising:a detonation tube for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture, wherein said detonation tube has an internal diameter of less than 10 mm and comprises at least one inlet for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture containing at least one coating precursor, an igniter for igniting said detonable or reactive mixture to produce detonation or reaction products containing said coating precursor or a coating material produced from said coating precursor, and an outlet for discharging coating material toward a substrate;a low-pressure chamber for accelerating said detonation or reaction products discharged from said outlet; andlow-pressure means for maintaining a pressure of less than 1 atmosphere in said low-pressure chamber. 39. The apparatus of claim 38 wherein said low-pressure means maintains a pressure not exceeding about 10 −1 atmospheres in said low-pressure chamber. 40. The apparatus of claim 39 wherein said low-pressure means maintains a pressure not exceeding about 10 −3 atmospheres in said low-pressure chamber. 41. The apparatus of claim 38 further comprising a nozzle in communication with said detonation tube outlet. 42. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein said nozzle is flexible and is displaceable to a plurality of coating positions. 43. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein said nozzle is fixed at a predetermined angle relative to the axis of the detonation tube. 44. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein said nozzle is configured as a showerhead having a plurality of small openings for directing the coating material toward a substrate to be coated. 45. A pulsed detonation coating apparatus comprising a detonation tube for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture, wherein said detonation tube comprises:at least one inlet for receiving a detonable or reactive mixture containing at least one coating precursor;an igniter for igniting said detonable or reactive mixture to produce detonation or reaction products containing said coating precursor or a coating material produced from said coating precursor;an outlet for discharging said coating precursor or said coating material toward a substrate; anda nozzle in communication with said detonation tube;wherein the total length of the coating apparatus is about 500 mm or less. 46. The apparatus of claim 45 wherein the total length is about 50 mm or less.
Amlinsky Roman A. (Kievskaya ulitsa ; 24 ; kv.I26 Moscow SUX) Goncharov Alexei A. (I-y Zborovsky pereulok ; 17 ; kv.I4 Moscow SUX) Nedelko Vladimir E. (Orekhovy bulvar ; II ; korpus I ; kv.256 Moscow, Detonation deposition apparatus.
Jackson John E. (Brownsburg IN) McCaslin Lynn M. (Indianapolis IN) Stavros Anthony J. (Carmel IN) Tucker ; Jr. Robert C. (Brownsburg IN), Method of producing tungsten chromium carbide-nickel coatings having particles containing three times by weight more chr.
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