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The invention is an article of footwear that includes a sole structure having a plate assembly that includes a separator plate and a split plate. The split plate is located in a midfoot portion of the sole structure and includes a lateral portion and a medial portion separated by a split. The separa

The invention is an article of footwear that includes a sole structure having a plate assembly that includes a separator plate and a split plate. The split plate is located in a midfoot portion of the sole structure and includes a lateral portion and a medial portion separated by a split. The separator plate is located within the split and is attached to the split plate. When compressed against a surface, the longitudinal portion and the medial portion separate further, thereby increasing the width of the split and dissipating energy.

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1. An article of footwear comprising: an upper for receiving a foot of a wearer; and a sole structure attached to said upper, said sole structure including a split plate with a forefoot area that extends through substantially all of a forefoot portion of said footwear, said split plate having a firs

1. An article of footwear comprising: an upper for receiving a foot of a wearer; and a sole structure attached to said upper, said sole structure including a split plate with a forefoot area that extends through substantially all of a forefoot portion of said footwear, said split plate having a first portion and a second portion that are formed as a one-piece element and separated by a split formed in said split plate, said split extending from a front of the split plate to a midfoot portion of said footwear in a generally longitudinal direction such that said first portion is located on a lateral side of said sole structure and said second portion is located on a medial side of said sole structure, said first portion and said second portion being unconnected in the forefoot portion of the footwear. 2. The article of footwear of claim 1, wherein said split is located closer to said medial side than said lateral side. 3. The article of footwear of claim 1, wherein said sole structure includes a separator plate, said separator plate being located within said split. 4. The article of footwear of claim 3, wherein said separator plate is attached to said split plate. 5. The article of footwear of claim 3, wherein said split plate is formed of a first material and said separator plate is formed of a second material, said first material having a first modulus of elasticity and said second material having a second modulus of elasticity, said first modulus of elasticity being greater than said second modulus of elasticity. 6. The article of footwear of claim 1, wherein said split plate extends into a heel region of said footwear. 7. The article of footwear of claim 1, wherein said fist portion is connected to said second portion on a longitudinal end of said split. 8. The article of footwear of claim 1, wherein said split plate includes at least one longitudinal support that extends substantially parallel to said split. 9. The article of footwear of claim 8, wherein said at least one longitudinal support includes a first longitudinal support located in said first portion and a second longitudinal support located in said second portion. 10. The article of footwear of claim 9, wherein said first and second longitudinal supports include a plurality of ribs that extend in a transverse direction relative to said first and second longitudinal supports. 11. The article of footwear of claim 9, wherein said at least one longitudinal support includes a third longitudinal support located in said first portion. 12. The article of footwear of claim 1, wherein said split plate includes a plurality of spike receptacles for receiving spikes. 13. The article of footwear of claim 1, wherein said split plate includes a plurality of traction elements for providing said footwear with traction. 14. An article of footwear having an upper for receiving a foot of a wearer and a sole structure attached to said upper, said sole structure comprising: a split plate with a forefoot area that extends through substantially all of a forefoot portion of said footwear, said split plate having a first portion and a second portion that are formed as a one-piece element and separated by a longitudinal split formed in said split plate, said split extending from a front of the split plate to a midfoot portion of said footwear, and said split plate being formed of a first material with a first modulus of elasticity; and a separator plate that is located within said split, said separator plate being attached to said split plate and being formed of a second material with a second modulus of elasticity, said first modulus of elasticity being greater than said second modulus of elasticity. 15. The article of footwear of claim 14, wherein said separator plate includes a fore portion located forward of said split plate. 16. The article of footwear of claim 15, wherein said fore portion is formed integral with said separator plate. 17. The article of footwear of claim 14, wherein said first portion is connected to said second portion on a longitudinal end of said split. 18. The article of footwear of claim 14, wherein said first portion is located on a lateral side of said sole structure and said second portion is located on a medial side of said sole structure. 19. The article of footwear of claim 18, wherein said split is located closer to said medial side than said lateral side. 20. The article of footwear of claim 14, wherein said split plate extends into said midfoot portion of said footwear. 21. The article of footwear of claim 20, wherein said split plate extends into a heel region of said footwear. 22. The article of footwear of claim 14, wherein said split plate includes a plurality of spike receptacles for receiving spikes. 23. The article of footwear of claim 22, wherein said split plate includes a plurality of traction elements for providing said footwear with traction. 24. The article of footwear of claim 14, wherein said split plate includes at least one longitudinal support that extends substantially parallel to said split. 25. The article of footwear of claim 24, wherein said at least one longitudinal support includes a first longitudinal support located in said first portion and a second longitudinal support located in said second portion. 26. The article of footwear of claim 25, wherein said first and second longitudinal supports include a plurality of ribs that extend in a transverse direction relative to said first and second longitudinal supports. 27. The article of footwear of claim 25, wherein said at least one longitudinal support includes a third longitudinal support located in said first portion. 28. An article of footwear having an upper for receiving a foot of a wearer and a sole structure attached to said upper, said sole structure comprising: a midsole attached to said upper and formed of a resilient foam material; an outsole attached to a lower surface of said midsole; and a plate assembly attached to said outsole and including: a split plate extending through substantially all of a forefoot portion of said footwear and having a lateral portion and a medial portion that are separated by a split formed in said split plate, said split plate having a forefoot area that is positioned in said forefoot portion of said footwear, said split extending entirely through said forefoot area of said split plate and in a longitudinal direction of said footwear, and said split plate being formed as a one-piece element of a first material with a first modulus of elasticity, and a separator plate that includes a longitudinal portion that is formed integral with a fore portion, said fore portion being located forward of said split plate and in the forefoot portion of said footwear, and said longitudinal portion being located within said split, said separator plate being attached to said split plate and being formed of a second material with a second modulus of elasticity, said first modulus of elasticity being greater than said second modulus of elasticity. 29. The article of footwear of claim 28, wherein said lateral portion is connected to said medial portion on a longitudinal end of said split. 30. The article of footwear of claim 28, wherein said split is located closer to a medial side of said footwear than a lateral side of said footwear. 31. The article of footwear of claim 28, wherein said spilt plate extends into said forefoot portion. 32. The article of footwear of claim 28, wherein said split plate extends into a heel region of said footwear. 33. The article of footwear of claim 28, wherein a lower surface of said split plate includes a plurality of spike receptacles for receiving spikes. 34. The article of footwear of claim 33, wherein said split plate includes a plurality of traction elements for providing said footwear with traction. 35. The article of footwear of claim 28, wherein said split plate includes at least one longitudinal support that extends substantially parallel to said split. 36. The article of footwear of claim 35, wherein said at least one longitudinal support includes a first longitudinal support located in said lateral portion and a second longitudinal support located in said medial portion. 37. The article of footwear of claim 36, wherein said first and second longitudinal supports include a plurality of ribs that extend in a transverse direction relative to said first and second longitudinal supports. 38. The article of footwear of claim 36, wherein said at least one longitudinal support includes a third longitudinal support located in said lateral portion. 39. An article of footwear having an upper and a sole structure secured to the upper, said sole structure comprising a split plate having a medial portion and a lateral portion that extend through substantially all of a forefoot portion of the footwear, the medial portion and the lateral portion being separated by a split formed in the split plate and extending longitudinally from a front of the split plate to a midfoot portion of the footwear, the medial portion and the lateral portion being unconnected in the forefoot portion of the footwear and connected in the midfoot portion of the footwear. 40. The article of footwear of claim 39, wherein the split is located closer to a medial side than a lateral side of the footwear. 41. The article of footwear of claim 39, wherein the sole structure includes a separator plate located within the split. 42. The article of footwear of claim 41, wherein the split plate is formed of a first material and the separator plate is formed of a second material, the first material having a greater modulus of elasticity than the second material. 43. The article of footwear of claim 41, wherein the separator plate includes a fore portion located forward of the front of the split plate. 44. The article of footwear of claim 39, wherein the split plate extends into a heel portion of the footwear. 45. The article of footwear of claim 39, wherein the split plate includes a plurality of spike receptacles for receiving spikes. 46. The article of footwear of claim 39, wherein the split plate includes a plurality of traction elements. 47. An article of footwear having an upper and a sole structure secured to the upper, said sole structure comprising: a split plate formed as a one-piece element from a first material and having a medial portion and a lateral portion that extend through substantially all of a forefoot portion of the footwear, the medial portion and the lateral portion being separated by a split formed in the split plate and extending longitudinally from a front of the split plate to a midfoot portion of the footwear, the medial portion and the lateral portion being unconnected in the forefoot portion of the footwear and connected in the midfoot portion of the footwear; and a separator plate formed from a second material and located within the split, the separator plate being secured to the split plate, and the second material being different than the first material. 48. The article of footwear of claim 47, wherein the split is located closer to a medial side than a lateral side of the footwear. 49. The article of footwear of claim 47, wherein the first material has a greater modulus of elasticity than the second material. 50. The article of footwear of claim 47, wherein the split plate extends into a heel portion of the footwear.