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A method and material for preventing erosion and maintaining playability of golf course sand bunkers. A geotextile liner is formed of two water-permeable layers. A first non-woven layer of randomly-aligned, synthetic fibers is configured and adapted to maintain sand in place within a sand bunker. A

A method and material for preventing erosion and maintaining playability of golf course sand bunkers. A geotextile liner is formed of two water-permeable layers. A first non-woven layer of randomly-aligned, synthetic fibers is configured and adapted to maintain sand in place within a sand bunker. A second backing layer formed of spunbond synthetic fiber is impervious to sand and configured and adapted to prevent downward migration of sand through the liner, while also preventing the upward migration of weeds, rocks and other contaminants that hinder the playability of the sand bunker. The backing layer also permits seams between adjacent sections of the liner to be joined by staples that penetrate the second layer but do not penetrate the native soil. Sections of the liner are laid within an unfilled sand bunker, and cut to fit the contours of the bunker as necessary. The liner is anchored to the bunker base using a plurality of sod staples, and seams between adjacent sections of the liner are joined using staples that are not sod staples and are configured and adapted to penetrate the backing layer of the liner but not penetrate soil. The staples used to join the seams between adjacent sections of the liner may be installed using a hand-held, pneumatic stapler.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A liner for preventing erosion and maintaining playability of golf course sand bunkers comprising:a first non-woven layer formed of randomly-aligned, synthetic fibers, the first layer configured and adapted to maintain sand in place within a sand bunker; and a second backing layer formed of spunb

1. A liner for preventing erosion and maintaining playability of golf course sand bunkers comprising:a first non-woven layer formed of randomly-aligned, synthetic fibers, the first layer configured and adapted to maintain sand in place within a sand bunker; and a second backing layer formed of spunbond synthetic fiber secured to the first layer, the second layer configured and adapted to prevent downward migration of sand through the liner, while also preventing the upward migration of weeds, rocks and other contaminants that hinder the playability of the sand bunker wherein the first and second layers are water permeable. 2. The liner of claim 1, wherein the second layer is configured and adapted to permit seams between adjacent sections of the liner to be joined by staples that penetrate the second layer but do not penetrate soil.3. The liner of claim 1, wherein the second layer is secured to the first layer by needlepunching the second layer to the first layer.4. The liner of claim 1, wherein the first layer and second layer are sprayed with a bonding resin, dried and cured.5. The liner of claim 1, wherein the second layer is secured to the first layer by an adhesive.6. The liner of claim 1, wherein the first layer is formed of polyester.7. The liner of claim 1, wherein the second layer is formed of polyester.8. The liner of claim 1, wherein the first layer includes thermobondable fibers that bond with adjacent fibers when heat activated to form a durable web.9. A method of installing a liner for preventing erosion and maintaining playability of a golf course sand bunker comprising:fitting sections of a water-permeable liner within an unfilled sand bunker, the liner having a first layer configured and adapted for maintaining sand in place within the sand bunker and a second backing layer that is impervious to sand; cutting the liner to fit contours of the unfilled sand bunker as necessary; anchoring the liner to the bunker base using a plurality of sod staples; and joining seams between adjacent sections of the liner using staples that are not sod staples and are configured and adapted to penetrate the backing layer of the liner but not penetrate soil. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein both the sod staples and the staples used to join the seams between adjacent sections of the liner have legs, and the legs of the sod staples are longer than the legs of the staples used to join the seams between adjacent sections of the liner.11. The method of claim 10, wherein the legs of the staples used to join the seams between adjacent sections of the liner fold toward one another after penetrating the backing layer of adjacent sections of the liner.12. The method of claim 9, wherein the staples used to join the seams between adjacent sections of the liner are installed using a hand-held, pneumatic stapler.13. The method of claim 9, wherein the staples used to join the seams between adjacent section of the liner are spaced at about four to six inches on center.14. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of:making relief cuts in the liner to better fit sections of the liner to contours of the unfilled bunker; and joining adjacent edges of the relief cuts using the staples that are configured and adapted to penetrate the backing layer of the liner but not penetrate soil. 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the first layer is non-woven.16. The method of claim 9, wherein the backing layer is formed of spunbond synthetic fiber secured to the first layer.17. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:separating and removing the second backing layer from the first layer at a perimeter edge of the bunker to permit sod to adhere to the liner. 18. The method of claim 9, where the first layer is formed of randomly aligned fibers.19. The method of claim 9, wherein the first layer is formed of synthetic fibers.20. A system for preventing erosion and maintaining playability of golf course sand bunkers comprising:a plurality of sections of a water permeable liner, the liner comprising a first non-woven layer formed of randomly-aligned, synthetic fibers, the first layer configured and adapted for maintaining sand in place within a sand bunker, and a second backing layer formed of spunbond synthetic fiber secured to the first layer, the second layer configured and adapted to prevent downward migration of sand through the liner, while also preventing the upward migration of weeds, rocks and other contaminants that hinder the playability of the sand bunker; a plurality of sod staples for securing the liner to the bunker base after it has been cut and fit to the bunker; a plurality of seam staples for joining seams between adjacent sections of the liner after it has been cut and fit to the bunker, the seam staples configured and adapted to penetrate the backing layer of the liner but not penetrate soil; and a coupling device for installing the plurality of seam staples. 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the coupling device is a hand-held, pneumatic stapler.22. A liner for preventing erosion and maintaining playability of golf course sand bunkers comprising:first non-woven layer formed of synthetic fiber, the first layer configured and adapted to maintain sand in place within a sand bunker; and a second backing layer secured to the first layer, the second layer configured and adapted to prevent downward migration of sand through the liner, while also preventing the upward migration of weeds, rocks and other contaminants that hinder the playability of the sand bunker wherein the first and second layers are water permeable. 23. The liner of claim 22, wherein the second layer is configured and adapted to permit seams between adjacent sections of the liner to be joined by staples that penetrate the second layer but do not penetrate soil.24. The liner of claim 22, wherein the second layer is secured to the first layer by needlepunching the second layer to the first layer.25. The liner of claim 22, wherein the first layer and second layer are sprayed with a bonding resin, dried and cured.26. The liner of claim 22, wherein the second layer is secured to the first layer by an adhesive.27. The liner of claim 22, wherein the first layer is formed of randomly aligned fibers.28. The liner of claim 22, wherein the second layer is formed of synthetic fibers.29. The liner of claim 22, wherein the first layer includes thermobondable fibers that bond with adjacent fibers when heat activated to form a durable web.