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The power train of a motor vehicle employs a hybrid drive including a combustion engine and an electrical machine. The transmission of the power train is shiftable into different gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle. Such conditions include a traction condition when the v

The power train of a motor vehicle employs a hybrid drive including a combustion engine and an electrical machine. The transmission of the power train is shiftable into different gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle. Such conditions include a traction condition when the vehicle is propelled by the engine and/or by the electrical machine, a coasting condition when the vehicle is being decelerated with attendant conversion of kinetic energy into electrical and/or rotational energy and storage of converted energy, a cold starting condition when the cold engine is started by the electrical machine, and a warm starting condition when the hot engine is started by the electrical machine and/or by at least one flywheel.

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1. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmi

1. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, and a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting, wherein said transmission has a rotary input shaft, said rotatory mass including a fly-wheel connectable to and disconnectable from said crankshaft and said rotary input shaft. 2. The power train of claim 1, wherein said flywheel is a rotor of said electrical machine.3. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, and a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting, wherein said coasting condition includes a first made of operating involving an acceleration of the rotatory mass in response to the application thereto of kinetic energy and a second mode of operation involving the utilization of said electrical machine for conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy, wherein said modes of operation are selected as a function of different extents of deceleration of the vehicle. 4. The power train of claim 3, wherein the conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy takes place as a result of relatively small deceleration of the vehicle and the conversion of kinetic energy into rotational energy takes place when the deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold value.5. The power train of claim 4, wherein said threshold value is adjustable.6. The power train of claim 5, wherein said threshold value is between about 0.5 m/s2 and 3 m/s2.7. The power train of claim 5, wherein said threshold value is between about 1 m/s2 and 2 m/s2.8. The power train of claim 5, wherein said threshold value is adjustable by an operator of the vehicle in dependency upon desired deceleration.9. The power train of claim 8, wherein said adjustable threshold value is dependent upon a signal derived from the mode of actuation of a brake pedal in the vehicle.10. The power train of claim 9, wherein said signal is variable as a function of the magnitude of force e being applied to the brake pedal and said signal is generated by a pressure-responsive sensor associated with the brake pedal.11. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, and a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting, wherein the conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy takes place as a result of relatively small deceleration of the vehicle and the conversion of kinetic-energy into rotational energy takes place when the deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined threshold value, said threshold value being selected adaptively as a function of at least one operational parameter. 12. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, and a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting further comprising means for automatically shifting said transmission so that the engine is operated with minimal consumption of fuel and any output increase initiated by the operator of the vehicle involves the utilization of said electrical machine, wherein the overall output of the power train including the output of said engine during operation with minimal consumption of fuel combined with the output of said electrical machine is reproducible within a range which is selectable by the operator of the vehicle. 13. The power train of claim 12, wherein said overall output is a function of at least one parameter which influences the output of said electrical machine and involves, in the event of influencing the output of said electrical machine, a departure from an optimal approximation to minimal fuel consumption by said engine to an extent corresponding to reduction of the output of said electrical machine by the at least one parameter.14. The power train of claim 13, wherein said parameter is a characteristic output curve dependent upon at least one of RPM and temperature of said electrical machine, the condition of an energy source for said electrical machine, and the temperature of an electronic circuitry which controls said electrical machine and supplies electrical energy thereto.15. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting and means for selectively connecting said electrical machine (a) with a rotary input shaft of said transmission and (b) with the at least one wheel by way of an output shaft of said transmission, wherein said electrical machine is connectable, in accordance with a characteristic curve denoting the RPM-dependent efficiency and having a maximum, with that one of said input and output shafts the RPM of which is nearer to the RPM denoted by said maximum of said curve. 16. The power train of claim 15, wherein said transmission is an automated transmission having a rotary input shaft and a rotary output shaft connected with the at least one wheel, and further comprising a starter clutch engageable to connect a rotary output element of said engine with said input shaft, a second clutch engageable to connect said output element and said electrical machine with said output shaft, and an engageable-disengageable third clutch interposed between said electrical machine and said output shaft, said electrical machine being connected with said output shaft in response to engagement of said third clutch and simultaneous disengagement of said second clutch and said electrical machine being connected with said input shaft in response to disengagement of said third clutch and simultaneous engagement of said starter clutch and said second clutch.17. The power train of claim 16, wherein said electrical machine is arranged to synchronize the RPM of said input shaft with the RPM of said output shaft in response to shifting of said transmission into at least one of said gears.18. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting; and means for coupling said electrical machine with said engine, said gears of said transmission including a gear in which a rotary output element of said engine is rotated by said electrical machine at a low speed while the vehicle is coasting. 19. The power train of claim 18, wherein said low speed is below about 1500 RPM.20. The power train of claim 18, wherein said low speed is below about 1000 RPM.21. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting, and means for lowering the compression ratio of said engine during starting thereof. 22. A power train for moving a vehicle during different stages of operation, comprising:at least one internal combustion engine with a crankshaft; at least one electrical machine connectable with said engine and arranged to function as a motor and as a generator; and at least one countershaft transmission interposed between said engine and at least one wheel of the vehicle and being shiftable into a plurality of gears in dependency upon the operating conditions of the vehicle, said conditions including: a traction condition involving propulsion of the vehicle by at least one of said engine and said machine, a coasting condition involving a deceleration of the vehicle which entails a conversion of kinetic energy developing as a result of deceleration of the vehicle into at least one of electrical energy and rotational energy, wherein said electrical energy is stored in at least one electrical storage facility and said rotational energy is stored in at least one rotatory mass, a cold starting condition involving a starting of cold engine by said machine, and a warm starting condition, wherein the engine, while still hot due to a previous operation, is restarted by one of said machine and said rotatory mass, which for said restarting is rotationally coupled to the crankshaft, in order to use said stored rotational energy for the restarting, wherein said electrical machine is arranged to generate heat and is adjacent a starter clutch which generates heat in response to slip, the heat which is being generated by said electrical machine, while the output of said machine at least approximates a maximum value, being dissipated into the surrounding atmosphere and said machine as well as said clutch being operated in dependency upon the extent of heat dissipation. 23. The power train of claim 22, further comprising means for effecting an alternative regulation of at least one of said machine and said clutch as a function of combined heat output thereof.