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A process reducing the side opening and closing time of a valve. The process uses a valve for mounting in an intake port of a reciprocating engine upstream from a charge changing valve, which valve contains a valve element operating in conjunction with the inner wall of the intake port, and may be m

A process reducing the side opening and closing time of a valve. The process uses a valve for mounting in an intake port of a reciprocating engine upstream from a charge changing valve, which valve contains a valve element operating in conjunction with the inner wall of the intake port, and may be moved back and forth between a closed position and an open position. The valve in the closed position blocks passage of fluid through the port and when in the open position, clears such passage. The valve is characterized in that the inner wall of the port and the valve element are of a design such that when the valve element is moved from its closed position the opening cross-section initially does not increase at all or increases only slowly and then increases rapidly and when the valve element is moved from its open position the opening cross-section initially does not decrease at all or decreases only slowly and then decreases rapidly.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A method for reducing valve opening and closing time durations for a valve having a movable valve element, the method comprising:moving the valve element away from a valve closed position during a first time period, wherein a fluid flow passage cross-sectional area of a valve opening, which is at

1. A method for reducing valve opening and closing time durations for a valve having a movable valve element, the method comprising:moving the valve element away from a valve closed position during a first time period, wherein a fluid flow passage cross-sectional area of a valve opening, which is at least partially defined by the valve element and a surrounding valve body, does not change or substantially does not change during the first time period, moving the valve element farther away from the valve closed position during a second time period, wherein the fluid flow cross-sectional area rapidly increases, moving the valve element farther away from the valve closed position into its valve open position during a third time period, wherein the fluid flow cross-sectional area does not change or substantially does not change, thereby achieving the maximum opening area of the fluid flow cross-sectional area at the beginning of the third time period and maintaining said maximum opening area throughout the third time period, moving the valve element away from the valve open position during a fourth time period, wherein the fluid flow passage cross-sectional area does not change or substantially does not change, thereby maintaining the fluid flow cross-sectional area at its maximum opening area during the fourth time period, moving the valve element farther away from the valve open position during a fifth time period, wherein the fluid flow cross-sectional area rapidly decreases during the fifth time period, and moving the valve element farther away from the valve open position into the valve closed position during a sixth time period, wherein the fluid flow cross-sectional area reaches its minimum opening area and does not change or substantially does not change during the sixth time period. 2. A method as in claim 1, wherein the movement of the valve element from the valve closed position and from the valve open position is accelerated during the first time period and at least the beginning of the second time period.3. A method as in claim 1, wherein the valve element linearly reciprocates within the valve body.4. A method as in claim 1, wherein the valve element pivots about a point within the valve body.5. A method as in claim 1, wherein the valve element is arranged and constructed to substantially conform to shoulder portions defined on the valve body at locations corresponding to the valve open position and the valve closed position.6. A method as in claim 5, wherein the movement of the valve element from the valve closed position and from the valve open position is accelerated during the first time period and at least the beginning of the second time period.7. A method as in claim 6, wherein the valve element linearly reciprocates within the valve body.8. A method as in claim 6, wherein the valve element pivots about a point within the valve body.9. A method as in claim 6, wherein the fluid flow cross-sectional area does not change during the first, third, fourth and sixth time periods.10. A method as in claim 1, wherein the fluid flow cross-sectional area does not change during the first, third, fourth and sixth time periods.11. A method as in claim 1, wherein the valve is disposed in an intake duct of a reciprocating engine upstream from the cylinder intake valve and the movable valve element is moveable independent of movement of the cylinder intake valve.12. A method for reducing a valve opening time duration and a valve closing time duration of a valve, the valve comprising a valve element movably disposed within a valve body, wherein a fluid flow passage is at least partially defined by the valve body and the movable valve element, the fluid flow passage having a minimum effective cross-sectional area when the valve element is disposed in a valve closed position and a maximum effective cross-sectional area when the valve element is disposed in a valve open position, the method comprising:moving the valve element from the valve closed position via a first movement range, a second movement range and a third movement range to the valve open position, wherein a ratio of a change of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid flow passage to movement distance of the valve element is smaller during the first and third movement ranges than during the second movement range, wherein said ratio during the first and third movement ranges is zero or substantially zero. 13. A method as in claim 12, wherein the movement of the valve member during the first and third movement ranges is accelerated both when the valve member is moving from the valve closed position to the valve open position and when the valve member is moving from the valve open position to the valve closed position.14. A method as in claim 13, wherein the valve element linearly reciprocates within the valve body.15. A method as in claim 13, wherein the valve element pivots about a point within the valve body.16. A method as in claim 12, wherein the movement of the valve member during the first and third movement ranges is accelerated both when the valve member is moving from the valve closed position to the valve open position and when the valve member is moving from the valve open position to the valve closed position.17. A valve, comprising:a valve body having an inner wall, and a valve element disposed within the valve body and being movable between a valve closed position and a valve open position, wherein a fluid flow passage is at least partially defined by the valve body and the movable valve element, the fluid flow passage having a minimum effective cross-sectional area when the valve element is disposed in the valve closed position and a maximum effective cross-sectional area when the valve element is disposed in the valve opening position, wherein the valve element is movable from the valve closed position via a first movement range, a second movement range and a third movement range to the valve closed position, and the valve element and the fluid flow passage are arranged and constructed such that a ratio of a change of the effective cross-sectional area of the fluid flow passage to movement distance of the valve element is smaller during the first and third movement ranges than the second movement range, wherein said ratio during the first and third movement ranges is zero or substantially zero. 18. A valve as in claim 17, wherein the valve element is biased to an intermediate position between the valve open position and the valve closed position, and wherein the valve further comprises electromagnets arranged and constructed to retain the valve element in the valve open position and the valve closed position.19. A valve as in claim 17, wherein the valve member is linearly movably mounted on a flow body fixed within the fluid flow passage such that the fluid flow passage has a ring-shaped cross-section,the valve member is cap-shaped and is arranged and constructed such that the outer surface of the valve member is flush with the outer surface of the flow body when the valve member is disposed in the valve open position, a first ring-shaped protrusion is defined on the outer surface of the flow body so as to surround a circumferential edge surface of the valve member when the valve member is disposed within the third movement range and the valve open position, and a first ring-shaped protrusion is defined within the fluid flow passage so as to surround the circumferential edge surface of the valve member when the valve member is disposed within the first movement range and the valve closed position. 20. A valve as in claim 19, further comprising first and second springs arranged and constructed to bias the valve element towards an intermediate position between the valve open position and the valve closed position.21. A valve as in claim 20, further comprising a first electromagnet arranged and constructed to retain the valve element in the valve open position against the biasing force of the springs and a second electromagnet arranged and constructed to retain the valve element in the valve closed position against the biasing force of the springs.22. A valve as in claim 17, wherein the valve member is defined as a flap that is rotatably mounted to a first wall of the fluid flow passage,a first shoulder is formed on the first wall so as to correspond to a terminal edge of the valve member when the valve member is disposed within the third movement range and the valve open position, and a second shoulder is formed on a second wall of the fluid flow passage so as to correspond to the terminal edge of the valve member when the valve member is disposed within the first movement range and the valve closed position. 23. A reciprocating engine comprising:a cylinder intake valve reciprocally disposed within a cylinder, and an intake duct arranged and constructed to supply fresh air to the cylinder, the valve of claim 17 being disposed in the intake duct upstream of the cylinder intake valve. 24. A reciprocating engine comprising:a cylinder intake valve reciprocally disposed within a cylinder, and an intake duct arranged and constructed to supply fresh air to the cylinder, the valve of claim 21 being disposed in the intake duct upstream of the cylinder intake valve.