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Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | US-0128703 (2002-04-24) |
발명자 / 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 183 인용 특허 : 440 |
A method for treating a relatively permeable formation containing heavy hydrocarbons in situ may include providing heat from a first set of heat sources to a first section of the formation. The heat provided to the first section may pyrolyze at least some hydrocarbons in the first section. Heat may
A method for treating a relatively permeable formation containing heavy hydrocarbons in situ may include providing heat from a first set of heat sources to a first section of the formation. The heat provided to the first section may pyrolyze at least some hydrocarbons in the first section. Heat may also be provided from a second set of heat sources to a second section of the formation. The heat provided to the second section may mobilize at least some hydrocarbons in the second section. A portion of the hydrocarbons from the second section may be induced to flow into the first section. A mixture of hydrocarbons may be produced from the formation. The produced mixture may include at least some pyrolyzed hydrocarbons.
What is claimed is: 1. A method for treating a relatively permeable formation in situ, comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a first section of the formation such that the heat provided to the first section pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons in the first section; providing heat
What is claimed is: 1. A method for treating a relatively permeable formation in situ, comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a first section of the formation such that the heat provided to the first section pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons in the first section; providing heat from one or more heaters to a second section of the formation such that the heat provided to the second section pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons in the second section; inducing at least a portion of the hydrocarbons from the second section to flow into the first section; and producing a mixture from the first section, wherein the produced mixture comprises at least some pyrolyzed hydrocarbons from the second section. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a portion of the first section comprises a first permeability, wherein a portion of the second section comprises a second permeability, and wherein the first permeability is greater than about the second permeability. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein a portion of the first section comprises a first permeability, wherein a portion of the second section comprises a second permeability, and wherein the first permeability is less than about the second permeability. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second section is substantially adjacent to the first section. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing heat to a third section of the formation such that the heat provided to the third section pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons in the third section and inducing a portion of the hydrocarbons from the third section to flow into the first section. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the third section is substantially adjacent to the first section. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a third section of the formation such that the heat provided to the third section pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons in the third section; and inducing a portion of the hydrocarbons from the third section to flow into the first section through the second section. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the third section is substantially adjacent to the second section. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising maintaining a pressure in the formation below about 150 bars absolute. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising inhibiting production of the produced mixture until at least some hydrocarbons in the formation have been pyrolyzed. 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising producing at least some hydrocarbons from the first section before providing heat to the second section. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising producing at least some hydrocarbons from the first section before a temperature in the second section reaches a pyrolysis temperature in a range of about 270째 C. to about 400째 C. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising maintaining a pressure in the formation below a selected pressure by producing at least some hydrocarbons from the formation. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising producing the produced mixture through at least one production well in or proximate the first section. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising producing at least some hydrocarbons through at least one production well in or proximate the second section. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section such that conversion of heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons in the formation is controlled. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the first section. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the second section. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more heaters provide heat to both the first section of the formation and the second section of the formation. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein a first set of one or more heaters provides heat to the first section and a second set of one or more heaters provides heat to the second section. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section to produce a desired characteristic in the produced mixture. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the first section. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the second section. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the desired characteristic in the produced mixture comprises an API gravity of the produced mixture. 25. The method of claim 21, wherein the desired characteristic in the produced mixture comprises a production rate of the produced mixture. 26. The method of claim 21, wherein the desired characteristic in the produced mixture comprises a weight percentage of light hydrocarbons in the produced mixture. 27. The method of claim 1, wherein the produced mixture comprises an API gravity of greater than about 20째. 28. The method of claim 1, wherein the produced mixture comprises an acid number less than about 1. 29. The method of claim 1, wherein greater than about 50% by weight of the initial mass of hydrocarbons in the formation is produced. 30. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first section is above a pyrolysis temperature of the hydrocarbons. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is at least about 250째 C. 32. The method of claim 1, wherein a spacing between heated sections of the heaters that heat the first section of the formation is less than about 25 m. 33. The method of claim 1, further comprising producing the mixture when a partial pressure of hydrogen in the formation is at least about 0.5 bars. 34. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat provided from at least one heater is transferred to at least a portion of the formation substantially by conduction. 35. The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of energy output of the produced mixture to energy input into the formation is at least about 5. 36. A method for treating a relatively permeable formation in situ, comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a first section of the formation such that the heat provided to the first section pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons in the first section; providing heat from one or more heaters to a second section of the formation such that the heat provided to the second section pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons in the second section; inducing at least a portion of the hydrocarbons from the second section to flow into the first section; inhibiting production of a mixture until at least some hydrocarbons in the formation have been pyrolyzed; and producing the mixture from the first section, wherein the produced mixture comprises at least some pyrolyzed hydrocarbons from the second section. 37. A method for treating a relatively permeable formation in situ, comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a first section of the formation such that the heat provided to the first section reduces the viscosity of at least some heavy hydrocarbons in the first section; providing heat from one or more heaters to a second section of the formation such that the heat provided to the second section reduces the viscosity of at least some heavy hydrocarbons in the second section; inducing a portion of the heavy hydrocarbons from the second section to flow into the first section; pyrolyzing at least some of the heavy hydrocarbons in the first section; and producing a mixture from the first section, wherein the produced mixture comprises at least some pyrolyzed hydrocarbons. 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the second section is substantially adjacent to the first section. 39. The method of claim 37, wherein the produced mixture comprises at least some heavy hydrocarbons. 40. The method of claim 37, further comprising producing the mixture from the first section through a production well in or proximate the first section and pyrolyzing at least some of the heavy hydrocarbons in the production well. 41. The method of claim 37, further comprising pyrolyzing at least some hydrocarbons in the second section. 42. The method of claim 37, further comprising providing heat to a third section of the formation such that the heat provided to the third section reduces the viscosity of at least some heavy hydrocarbons in the third section, and inducing a portion of the heavy hydrocarbons from the third section to flow into the first section. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein the third section is substantially adjacent to the first section. 44. The method of claim 37, further comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a third section of the formation such that the heat provided to the third section reduces the viscosity of at least some heavy hydrocarbons in the third section; inducing a portion of the heavy hydrocarbons from the third section to flow into the second section; pyrolyzing at least some of the heavy hydrocarbons in the second section; and producing a mixture from the second section, wherein the produced mixture comprises at least some pyrolyzed hydrocarbons. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the third section is substantially adjacent to the second section. 46. The method of claim 37, further comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a third section of the formation such that the heat provided to the third section reduces the viscosity of at least some heavy hydrocarbons in the third section; and inducing a portion of the heavy hydrocarbons from the third section to flow into the first section through the second section. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the third section is substantially adjacent to the second section. 48. The method of claim 37, wherein one or more heaters provide heat to both the first section of the formation and the second section of the formation. 49. The method of claim 37, wherein a first set of one or more heaters provides heat to the first section and a second set of one or more heaters provides heat to the second section. 50. The method of claim 37, further comprising controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section such that conversion of heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons in the first section is controlled. 51. The method of claim 50, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the first section. 52. The method of claim 50, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the second section. 53. The method of claim 37, further comprising controlling the heat provided to first section and the second section to produce a desired characteristic in the produced mixture. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the first section. 55. The method of claim 53, wherein controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section comprises adjusting heat output of at least one of the heaters that heats the second section. 56. The method of claim 53, wherein the desired characteristic in the produced mixture comprises an API gravity of the produced mixture. 57. The method of claim 53, wherein the desired characteristic in the produced mixture comprises a weight percentage of light hydrocarbons in the produced mixture. 58. The method of claim 37, further comprising producing at least about 70% of an initial volume in place from the formation. 59. The method of claim 37, wherein the produced mixture comprises an API gravity of greater than about 20째. 60. The method of claim 37, wherein the produced mixture comprises an acid number less than about 1. 61. The method of claim 37, wherein at least a portion of the first section is above a pyrolysis temperature of the hydrocarbons. 62. The method of claim 61, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is at least about 250째 C. 63. The method of claim 37, wherein a spacing between heated sections of at least two of the heaters is less than about 25 m. 64. The method of claim 37, further comprising producing the mixture when a partial pressure of hydrogen in the formation is at least about 0.5 bars. 65. The method of claim 37, wherein the heat provided from at least one heater is transferred to at least a portion of the formation substantially by conduction. 66. The method of claim 37, wherein a ratio of energy output of the produced mixture to energy input into the formation is at least about 5. 67. The method of claim 36, wherein the second section is substantially adjacent to the first section. 68. The method of claim 36, wherein the mixture from the first section comprises at least some heavy hydrocarbons. 69. The method of claim 36, further comprising producing the mixture from the first section through a production well in or proximate the first section and pyrolyzing at least some of the heavy hydrocarbons in the production well. 70. The method of claim 36, further comprising controlling the heat provided to the first section and the second section to produce a desired characteristic in the produced mixture. 71. The method of claim 36, further comprising providing heat to a third section of the formation such that the heat provided to the third section reduces the viscosity of at least some heavy hydrocarbons in the thinl section, and inducing a portion of the heavy hydrocarbons from the third section to flow into the first section. 72. The method of claim 71, wherein the third section is substantially adjacent to the first section. 73. The method of claim 36, further comprising: providing heat from one or more heaters to a third section of the formation such that the heat provided to the third section reduces the viscosity of at least some heavy hydrocarbons in the third section; inducing a portion of the heavy hydrocarbons from the third section to flow into the second section; pyrolyzing at least some of the heavy hydrocarbons in the second section; and producing a mixture from the second section, wherein the produced mixture comprises at least some pyrolyzed hydrocarbons.
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