Method and plant for solvent-free microwave extraction of natural products
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
A23L-001/25
A01N-065/00
F26B-003/34
F26B-003/32
출원번호
US-0102788
(1998-06-23)
우선권정보
FR-93 05810(1993-05-11)
발명자
/ 주소
Mengal,Philippe
Mompon,Bernard
출원인 / 주소
Archimex
대리인 / 주소
Kinney &
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
8인용 특허 :
10
초록▼
A microwave extraction method involves the steps of placing biological material in an enclosure without any solvent whatsoever and exposing the solvent-free biological material to microwave radiation to free at least some of the natural product, and then separating any residual biological material f
A microwave extraction method involves the steps of placing biological material in an enclosure without any solvent whatsoever and exposing the solvent-free biological material to microwave radiation to free at least some of the natural product, and then separating any residual biological material from the extracted natural product. Additionally, the microwave extraction method involves the steps of applying reduced pressure in the enclosure during the microwave radiation stage and heating the enclosure during at least most of the microwave radiation stage to compensate for the temperature drop resulting from water evaporation from the biological material.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A method for the microwave extraction of a natural product from a biological material, said method comprising: placing said biological material in an enclosure without any solvent; applying microwave radiation to said biological material present in said enclosure, the microwa
What is claimed is: 1. A method for the microwave extraction of a natural product from a biological material, said method comprising: placing said biological material in an enclosure without any solvent; applying microwave radiation to said biological material present in said enclosure, the microwave radiation effective to evaporate at least a part of the water contained in said biological material and the microwave radiation effective to split the cellular structure of said biological material and enable the release of at least a part of said natural product; intermittently applying reduced pressure within said enclosure during the application of microwave radiation to further the splitting up of the cellular structure of said biological material induced by application of the microwave radiation; heating said enclosure during at least a portion of the microwave radiation application to compensate for the drop in temperature resulting from evaporation of water from the biological material, wherein applying microwave radiation to said biological material, intermittently applying reduced pressure, and heating said enclosure causes hydro-distillation of the natural product by conveying the natural product in water vapor coming from the biological material; and separating a residual biological material from the natural product. 2. Method according to claim 1, intermittently applying reduced pressure comprises subjecting an interior of said enclosure to pressure-reduction cycles. 3. Method according to claim 1, wherein separating the residual biological material from the extracted natural product comprises: refrigerating the water vapor containing said extracted natural product; decanting the liquid mixture resulting from such refrigeration; and separating said extracted natural product and the water resulting from such a decantation. 4. Method according to claim 3, wherein at least a part of said water resulting from decantation step is injected into the enclosure to carry out the hydro-distillation of the natural product remaining in said residue of biological material. 5. Method according to claim 1, wherein said heating step is conducted at a temperature lower than 100째 C. 6. Method according to claim 1, the method further comprising mechanically stirring said biological material during application of the microwave radiation. 7. Apparatus for the implementation of claim 1, the apparatus comprising: an enclosure having a thermostat-controlled double wall; means to generate microwave radiation within said enclosure: heating means enabling the temperature of said thermostat-controlled double wall to be regulated; means enabling the pressure inside said enclosure to be reduced; and means to recover the extract when the extract comes out of said enclosure. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, and further comprising means for cyclically operating said means enabling the pressure within the enclosure to be reduced. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the biological material consists essentially of plant material. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the extracted natural product consists essentially of essential oils, the essential oils essentially insoluble in water. 11. A method for the solvent-free extraction of at least one extracted natural product from a biological material, the method comprising: subjecting the biological material to microwave irradiation; intermittently applying a vacuum to the biological material; heating the biological material, wherein subjecting the biological material to microwave radiation, intermittently applying a vacuum to the biological material, and heating the biological material causes evaporation of at least a portion of water contained in the biological material and splits the cellular structure of the biological material and thereby releases a portion of the natural product; and separating the released portion of the natural product from the biological material. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein separating the released portion from the biological material comprises: cooling the released portion; decanting a liquid mixture produced by cooling the released portion; and separating the extracted natural product and water resulting from decantation. 13. The method of claim 12, the method further comprising injecting at least a portion of the water resulting from recantation back into the biological material. 14. The method of claim 11, and further comprising stirring the biological material during microwave irradiation of the biological material. 15. A method of separating a natural product from a biological material, the method comprising: placing the biological material in an enclosure, the biological material containing water, the enclosure essentially free of liquid water other than the water contained in the biological material, and the enclosure free of organic solvent; releasing at least part of the natural product from the biological material by applying microwave radiation to the biological material, the microwave radiation effective to evaporate at least part of the water contained in the biological material to form water vapor and the microwave radiation effective to split the cellular structure of the biological material; intermittently applying reduced pressure within the enclosure during the application of microwave radiation to further split the cellular structure of the biological material induced by application of the microwave radiation; hydrodistilling the natural product by conveying the natural product and the water vapor coming from the biological material as an azeotropic mixture; and separating the natural product from the azeotropic mixture. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the biological material consists essentially of plant material. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein intermittently applying reduced pressure comprises subjecting an interior of the enclosure to a pressure-reduction cycle. 18. The method of claim 15, the method further comprising: heating the enclosure during at least a portion of the microwave radiation application to compensate for a drop in temperature resulting from evaporation of water from the biological material. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein said heating step is conducted at a temperature lower than 100째 C. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein separating the natural product from the azeotropic mixture comprises: refrigerating the azeotropic mixture to form a liquid mixture, the liquid mixture comprising the natural product; and separating the natural product from the liquid mixture. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the liquid mixture further comprises condensed water vapor, the method further comprising: separating the condensed water vapor from the liquid mixture; and injecting at least some of the condensed water vapor that is separated from the liquid mixture into the enclosure to supplement hydrodistillation of the natural product. 22. The method of claim 15, the method further comprising stirring the biological material during application of the microwave radiation. 23. A method of separating a natural product from a biological material, the method comprising: placing the biological material in an enclosure, the biological material containing water; releasing at least part of the natural product from the biological material by applying microwave radiation to the biological material, the microwave radiation effective to evaporate at least part of the water contained in the biological material to form water vapor and thereby split the cellular structures of the biological material; intermittently applying reduced pressure within the enclosure during the application of microwave radiation to further split the cellular structure of the biological material induced by application of the microwave radiation; conveying the natural product and the water vapor coming from the biological material as an azeotropic mixture; and separating the natural product from the azeotropic mixture. 24. The method of claim 23 wherein the biological material consists essentially of plant material. 25. A method of separating a natural product from a biological material, the method comprising: placing the biological material in an enclosure, the biological material containing water; releasing at least part of the natural product from the biological material by applying microwave radiation to the biological material, the microwave radiation effective to evaporate at least part of the water contained in the biological material to form water vapor and thereby split the cellular structure of the biological material; heating the enclosure during at least a portion of the microwave radiation application to compensate for a drop in temperature resulting from evaporation of water from the biological material; conveying the natural product and the water vapor coming from the biological material as an azeotropic mixture; and separating the natural product from the azeotropic mixture. 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the biological material consists essentially of plant material.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (10)
Collins, Michael J., Analytical apparatus for determining volatiles, solids, and solvent extractables in a sample.
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Kaneko, Toshihiko; Tanaka, Yuichi; Ohira, Tatsuro; Matsui, Naoyuki, Monoterpene component-rich essential oil, method for producing same and method for remediating environmental pollutants using the essential oil.
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