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In a method for making it easier to start an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder in which there is at least one piston which is intended to execute an oscillating motion between a top dead center and a bottom dead center, air or a fuel-air mixture is drawn in via an induction lin

In a method for making it easier to start an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder in which there is at least one piston which is intended to execute an oscillating motion between a top dead center and a bottom dead center, air or a fuel-air mixture is drawn in via an induction line as a result of a movement of the piston toward the bottom dead center. After the bottom dead center has been passed and after the piston has started to move toward the top dead center, the air or the fuel-air mixture is discharged from the cylinder via the induction line. Intake valves are closed at a time which is shifted toward the top dead center. A control element arranged in the induction line closes the induction line after the piston has passed the bottom dead center.

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What is claimed is: 1. A method for making it easier to start an internal combustion engine including at least one cylinder and at least one piston arranged in the cylinder and arranged to oscillate between a top dead center and a bottom dead center, comprising: drawing in one of air and a fuel-air

What is claimed is: 1. A method for making it easier to start an internal combustion engine including at least one cylinder and at least one piston arranged in the cylinder and arranged to oscillate between a top dead center and a bottom dead center, comprising: drawing in one of air and a fuel-air mixture via an induction line in accordance with movement of the piston toward the bottom dead center; discharging from the cylinder via the induction line the one of the air and the fuel-air mixture after the bottom dead center has been passed by the piston and once the piston has started to move toward the top dead center; closing intake valves at a time shifted toward the top dead center; and closing the induction line by a control element arranged in the induction line after the piston has moved past the bottom dead center. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of induction ports leading from the induction line to the cylinders, the induction line closing step including closing each induction port by a separate control element. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the control element includes a freely actuable flap arranged in an immediate vicinity of intake valves assigned to corresponding cylinders. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a starter-generator combination arranged to drive the at least one piston. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the induction line is closed by the control element in the induction line closing step only for a sufficient number of working cycles of the piston for the internal combustion engine to reach a predetermined starting speed, the method further comprising switching the internal combustion engine to complete compression after the internal combustion engine reaches the predetermined starting speed. 6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising switching operation of the internal combustion engine to operation with low-throttle load control after the internal combustion engine has started. 7. A method for making it easier to start an internal combustion engine including at least one cylinder and at least one piston arranged in the cylinder and arranged to oscillate between a top dead center and a bottom dead center, comprising: closing an induction line leading to the internal combustion engine by a control element arranged in the induction line during movement of the piston toward the bottom dead center; compressing one of air drawn in and a fuel-air mixture in accordance with the closing of the induction line by the control element after the piston has passed the bottom dead center and after the piston has started to move toward the top dead center; and starting the internal combustion engine. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of induction ports leading from the induction line to the cylinders, the induction line closing step including closing each induction port by a separate control element. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the control element includes a freely actuable flap arranged in an immediate vicinity of intake valves assigned to corresponding cylinders. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a starter-generator combination arranged to drive the at least one piston. 11. The method according to claim 7, wherein the induction line is closed by the control element in the induction line closing step only for a sufficient number of working cycles of the piston for the internal combustion engine to reach a predetermined starting speed, the method further comprising switching the internal combustion engine to complete compression after the internal combustion engine reaches the predetermined starting speed. 12. The method according to claim 7, further comprising switching operation of the internal combustion engine to operation with low-throttle load control after the internal combustion engine has started. 13. A method for shutting off an internal combustion engine including a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of induction lines including separately controlled control elements leading to the cylinders, and a piston arranged in each cylinder and arranged to oscillate between a top dead center and a bottom dead center, comprising: closing each of the induction lines by respective one of the separately controlled control elements to produce a lower effective compression in the cylinders when the internal combustion engine is being shut off. 14. A method for shutting off a diesel engine including a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of induction lines including control elements leading to the cylinders, and a piston arranged in each cylinder and arranged to oscillate between a top dead center and a bottom dead center, comprising: closing the induction lines by respective control elements to produce a lower effective compression in the cylinders when the diesel engine is being shut off.