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An automotive transmission is equipped with a variety of gears that may be combined to yield one or more output speeds as compared to an input speed. One or more electromechanical actuators is used to engage or disengage a particular desired mix of gears. The electromechanical actuator engages one m

An automotive transmission is equipped with a variety of gears that may be combined to yield one or more output speeds as compared to an input speed. One or more electromechanical actuators is used to engage or disengage a particular desired mix of gears. The electromechanical actuator engages one mix of gears or another to set the desired ratio of input speed to output speed. The transmission may be used to provide a straight-through, an underdrive speed range, or an overdrive speed range in an automotive transmission.

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What is claimed is: 1. An electromechanical actuator for engaging a shaft in a power transmission device, the electromechanical actuator comprising: a fixedly mounted housing including an inner surface having a cammed profile directed radially inward toward the shaft; a plurality of roller elements

What is claimed is: 1. An electromechanical actuator for engaging a shaft in a power transmission device, the electromechanical actuator comprising: a fixedly mounted housing including an inner surface having a cammed profile directed radially inward toward the shaft; a plurality of roller elements located within the housing on the cammed profile, each roller contacting an adjacent roller; a split ring located around the shaft and within the housing, including a radially outer surface facing the cammed profile, a radially inner surface facing the shaft, and a split extending radially between the inner surface and outer surface; an engaging device, for urging the split ring at a location of the split radially inward into engagement against the shaft, forcing two adjacent roller elements angularly apart, and moving the roller elements along the cammed profile radially inward into engagement with the outer surface of the split ring while remaining engaged with the cammed profile. 2. The electromechanical actuator of claim 1 further comprising a plunger, and wherein the engaging device is selected from the group consisting of a solenoid, a cone friction clutch, a ball and ramp device, and a ballscrew. 3. The electromechanical actuator of claim 1 wherein the housing is mounted to a structure selected from the group consisting of an axle housing, a transmission housing, and an automotive frame. 4. The electromechanical actuator of claim 1, wherein the shaft is connected to a planetary transmission and the planetary transmission is connected to a sleeve, the planetary transmission having a first gear ratio when the sleeve rotates and a second gear ratio when rotation of the sleeve is prevented. 5. The electromechanical actuator according to claim 4, wherein the planetary transmission has a first gear input: output speed ratio of 1:1 and a second gear input: output ratio selected from the group consisting of 1.4:1 and 1:1.4. 6. The electromechanical actuator of claim 1, further comprising a plunger moveable radially between adjacent rollers, toward the shaft, and into engagement with the split ring at the location of the split. 7. An actuator for a power transmission device comprising: an inner race having a split for connecting with a first drive; an outer race for connecting with a second drive; and a cage and a plurality of roller elements, the cage and the roller elements being located between the inner and outer races, wherein at least one of an inner surface of the outer race and an outer surface of the inner race is a cammed surface, the inner race having a split extending through a thickness of the inner race, the cammed surface being formed such tat rotation of the cage in either rotary direction about a central axis relative to the inner race and outer race forces each roller element to move circumferentially along the cammed surface and radially into engagement with the other of the an inner surface of the outer race and an outer surface of the inner race while remaining engaged with the cammed surface. 8. The actuator of claim 7, further comprising a feature for driveable engagement by the inner race. 9. The actuator of claim 7, wherein at least one of the inner race and outer race is splined for engagement wit at least one of the shaft and a housing. 10. The actuator of claim 7, further comprising at least one leaf spring in contact with a portion of the outer race for centering the cage. 11. The actuator of claim 7, wherein the cage further comprises a plurality of separating devices for separating the roller elements. 12. The actuator of claim 7, further comprising an engaging device for rotating the cage and engaging the inner race and the outer race, the engaging device selected from the group consisting of a solenoid, a ball-and-ramp device, a cone friction clutch, and a ball-screw.