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A method for regulating a generator in a motor vehicle, in which the generator feeds a vehicle power supply system having loads and having at least one battery, with a regulator regulating the generator output voltage at the value of a nominal value voltage. In a recuperation readiness mode, the nom

A method for regulating a generator in a motor vehicle, in which the generator feeds a vehicle power supply system having loads and having at least one battery, with a regulator regulating the generator output voltage at the value of a nominal value voltage. In a recuperation readiness mode, the nominal value voltage is preset as a function of the driving state variables such that, during braking or when the vehicle is overrunning, electrical power is fed into the vehicle power supply system. Switching takes place between the recuperation readiness mode and a recovery mode as a function of predetermined switching conditions, with the nominal value voltage in the recovery mode being preset such that the battery is regenerated.

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The invention claimed is: 1. A method for regulating a generator in a vehicle power supply system including a plurality of loads and at least one battery with a regulator, said method comprising: regulating the generator output voltage at the value of a nominal value voltage in one of a recuperatio

The invention claimed is: 1. A method for regulating a generator in a vehicle power supply system including a plurality of loads and at least one battery with a regulator, said method comprising: regulating the generator output voltage at the value of a nominal value voltage in one of a recuperation readiness mode and a recovery mode; setting the nominal value voltage in said recuperation readiness mode as a function of driving state variables such that, during braking or when the vehicle is overrunning, the generator and battery are operated in a recuperation operation, in which the generator converts kinetic energy of the vehicle to electric power that is fed into the vehicle power supply system and charges the battery; setting the nominal value voltage (U_nom) in the recovery mode such that the battery is regenerated from degradation due to stress caused by charging during a recuperation operation; and switching from the recuperation readiness mode to the recovery mode as a function of a characteristic variable that is indicative of a degree of cumulative battery stress resulting from charging during recuperation operation; wherein in said recuperation readiness mode, recuperation operation of said generator, wherein said generator is driven by vehicle kinetic energy and converts said vehicle kinetic energy to electric energy that is stored in said battery, is permitted under predefined conditions; in said recovery mode, recuperation operation is precluded, and said generator is controlled to charge said battery according to a predetermined charging pattern that at least partially reverses deterioration of the battery which results from stress due to recuperation operation. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, in the recovery mode, the nominal value voltage (U_nom) is set to a final charge voltage independently of the driving state variables. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, in the recovery mode, the nominal value voltage (U_nom) is regulated such that the battery is discharged at least once down to a first predetermined state of charge (SOC), and is then charged to a second predetermined state of charge (SOC). 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the recuperation characteristic variable is the charge throughput through the battery detected after a specific start time. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the start time from which the charge throughput is considered is the time when switching last took place from the recovery mode to the recuperation readiness mode. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the battery is regulated at a predetermined partial state of charge in the recuperation readiness mode when recuperation operation is not occurring. 7. The method according to claim 1 wherein, in the recuperation readiness mode, an intermediate stage, in which the loads are supplied in a mixed manner from the battery and from the generator, is provided during a change from a charging process for the battery to charge being drawn from the battery. 8. A method of operating a vehicle electrical system that includes a generator connected to a vehicle electrical load and to a vehicle battery, said generator being driven alternatively by a vehicle propulsion device or by kinetic energy of the vehicle, said method comprising: operating said system in a recuperation readiness mode; and intermittently switching operation of said system to a recovery mode; wherein, in said recuperation readiness mode, recuperation operation of said generator, wherein said generator is driven by said vehicle kinetic energy and converts said vehicle kinetic energy to electric energy that is stored in said battery, is permitted under predefined conditions; in said recovery mode, recuperation operation is precluded, and said generator is controlled to charge said battery according to a predetermined charging pattern that at least partially reverses deterioration of the battery which results from stress due to recuperation operation; said step of switching operation of said system to the recovery mode is performed as a function of a characteristic variable that is indicative of a cumulative degree of battery stress resulting from past charging of said battery in said recuperation operation; and said predetermined charging pattern comprises at least one of i) charging said battery to a full state of charge and maintaining said full state of charge for a predetermined time period; and ii) discharging said battery to a first, severely discharged, state and thereafter charging it to a second, substantially fully charged state. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said predefined conditions include at least one of: operation of a vehicle brake pedal; overrunning operation of the vehicle; and predetermined ranges of vehicle speed and engine speed. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein said characteristic variable is based on at least one of: charge throughput; charge time; battery temperature; ambient temperature; number of brake actuations; and duration of brake actuations. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein charge throughput is measured beginning at a time when the system is switched from the recovery mode to the recuperation readiness mode. 12. The method according to claim 8, wherein during said recuperation readiness mode, the battery is regulated to a partial state of charge range, which is less than a full charge, when recuperation operation is not occurring. 13. The method according to claim 8, wherein, in the recuperation readiness mode, an intermediate stage, in which the loads are supplied in a mixed manner from the battery and from the generator, is provided during a change from a charging process for the battery to charge being drawn from the battery.