IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0989851
(2004-11-16)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Hays,Lance G.
- Sahabian,Dicran
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
4 |
초록
An axial flow turbine configured to accept different nozzles which are respectively compatible with different fluids (gas, liquid or mixture thereof). The turbine is compatible with different rotating loads, which can be cooled or lubricated using liquid derived from the fluid.
대표청구항
▼
We claim: 1. An axial flow turbine with a continuous shroud means for turbine blades, and nozzle means for providing either of at least two nozzle configurations, for respectively receiving flow of fluid in the form of at least two of the following, i) gas, ii) liquid, iii) a gas and liquid mixture
We claim: 1. An axial flow turbine with a continuous shroud means for turbine blades, and nozzle means for providing either of at least two nozzle configurations, for respectively receiving flow of fluid in the form of at least two of the following, i) gas, ii) liquid, iii) a gas and liquid mixture, thereby producing a jet directed at the blades, the nozzle means having at least one of the following configurations, i) relatively long contour diverging from a throat, and a perforated plate upstream from the throat, ii) a relatively short contour diverging from a throat, and an inlet section of relatively large area, iii) a short contour divergent from a throat. 2. The combination of claim 1 with replaceable blade means. 3. The combination of claim 1 with a rotor and shaft means supported by bearing means lubricated by the fluid, to produce rotation of the shaft and torque exerted on the shaft. 4. The combination of claim 3 with a generator means attached to the shaft means to produce electric power from the rotation and torque of the shaft means. 5. The combination of claim 4 with a pump means operatively connected to the shaft means to produce an increase in pressure of a liquid. 6. The combination of claims 4 including said liquid which is the same liquid as produces said jet. 7. The combination of claim 5 wherein the pumped liquid flows to cool the generator means and lubricate the bearing means. 8. A power system incorporating the turbine of claim 1, and wherein liquid discharged from the blades has a return path for use in the system. 9. The combination of claim 8 wherein the system includes liquid to liquid heat exchanger. 10. The combination of claim 8 and a gas liquid to liquid heat exchanger. 11. The combination of claim 8 and a mixture of gas and liquid to liquid heat exchanger. 12. The combination of claim 8 and a heat exchanger where the heated fluid leaves the heat exchanger in the supercritical state. 13. The combination of claim 8 and a heat exchanger where the heated fluid leaves the heat exchanger as a mixture of gas and liquid. 14. The combination of claim 8 and a source of heat from geothermal fluid, transferred to said liquid. 15. The combination of claim 8 and a source of heat from exhaust gas from an engine, transferred to said liquid. 16. The combination of claim 8 and a source of heat from exhaust gas from a flare or incinerator, transferred to said liquid. 17. The combination of claim 8 and a source of heat from a hot liquid, transferred to said first mentioned liquid. 18. An axial flow turbine with a continuous circumferential shroud means and a nozzle means using a mixture of liquid and gas to produce forces acting on turbine blade means; having a rotor and shaft means supported by bearing means to product rotation of the shaft and torque on the shaft; with a generator means attached to the shaft to produce electric power; with a liquid means to cool the generator and lubricate the bearings having no external rotating seals. 19. Rotary machinery, comprising a) an axial flow turbine having nozzle means to receive first fluid flow along a first path to drive turbine blades for rotating a shaft, said path having a first exit, b) a driven structure rotatable by said shaft and having bearings, c) pump means associated with the driven structure to effect second fluid flow along a second path having a second exit, for lubricating said bearings, said second path disjunct from said first path, d) said nozzle means including at least two nozzle configurations, for respectively receiving said first flow in the form of at least two of the following: i) gas ii) liquid iii) a gas and liquid mixture, e) a selected one or two of said nozzle configurations installed at said turbine. 20. The rotary machinery of claim 19 wherein said nozzle configurations are selected from the group that includes x1) a first nozzle having a relatively long flow contour section diverging lengthwise away from a throat, and a perforated fluid distribution plate upstream of the throat, x2) a relatively short flow contour section lengthwise away from a throat, and an inlet section of relatively large area, x3) a relatively short flow contour convergent lengthwise away from a throat. 21. The rotary machinery of claim 19 wherein said driven structure comprises one of the following: x1) an electrical generator adjacent said second path, for cooling, x2) other power means. 22. The rotary machinery of claim 21, wherein said generator is adjacent the turbine, and a seal seals off between said first and second flow paths. 23. The rotary machinery of claim 19 wherein second fluid is cooled by said first fluid in a heat exchanger, before supply to said first path. 24. The rotary machinery of claim 19 including a condenser receiving said first fluid in vapor state, for condensing said first fluid to liquid state, said first fluid then flowing to said second path in the form of said second fluid. 25. The method of operating a turbine to which first or second fluids is supplied to one or more turbine nozzles operating to jet fluid at turbine blades, including a) operating the turbine using a first nozzle, efficiently compatible with a first fluid, b) removing said first nozzle and installing a second nozzle as a replacement, and which is efficiently compatible with a second fluid, c) then operating the turbine using said second nozzle, d) said first and second nozzles having different flow configurations.
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