A catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft. The catapult comprises a first carriage, to which the aircraft (5) can be arranged. The catapult further comprises a launching cylinder (23) that is arranged to move the carriage (4) in the launch direction (B) by means of a pulling element, such as a r
A catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft. The catapult comprises a first carriage, to which the aircraft (5) can be arranged. The catapult further comprises a launching cylinder (23) that is arranged to move the carriage (4) in the launch direction (B) by means of a pulling element, such as a rope, and also a pulley mechanism. The carriage can be moved in the return direction (C) by means of a returning device (31) and a return-side pulley mechanism ( 51).
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in a longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises sec
What is claimed is: 1. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in a longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises securing means for supporting the aircraft; a second carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame; at least one launching cylinder that is pressure-medium-operated and that is arranged to move the second carriage at least in one direction; at least one pulley mechanism that comprises at least one pulley and that is arranged in connection with the second carriage; at least one pulling element that is engaged with the first carriage and the frame, and which pulling element is further arranged to run via at least one launch-side pulley mechanism and to transmit the motion of the second carriage to the first carriage using a predetermined transmission ratio provided by the pulley mechanism for moving the first carriage from the launch position to the release position; at least one locking device for locking and unlocking the first carriage in the launch position; at least one damper that is arranged to make the first carriage halt in the release position; at least one returning device that is arranged to return the first carriage from the release position to the launch position; and at least one return-side pulley mechanism in connection with the second carriage and comprising at least one pulley, wherein the pulling element comprises a launch-side portion acting from the first carriage in the launch direction and a return-side portion acting in the return direction, the return-side portion of the pulling element is arranged to run through the return-side pulley mechanism so as to provide a predetermined transmission ratio, the returning device is arranged to transfer the second carriage in the return direction that is opposite to the launch direction, the launch-side pulley mechanism and the return-side pulley mechanism have substantially the same transmission ratio, whereby the transfer of the second carriage in either direction of motion is arranged to move the first carriage for substantially the same distance, the launching cylinder is pneumatic, the launching cylinder is connected through a channel to at least one pressure accumulator, which can accumulate the gas required for one launch, the return motion of the second carriage is arranged to generate a return motion of the launching cylinder and a rise in the gas pressure in the working pressure space of the launching cylinder, the rise in the gas pressure resulting from the return motion of the launching cylinder is arranged to be transmitted to the pressure accumulator for a new launch, and the launching cylinder is connected to a substantially closed compressed air circuit. 2. A catapult as claimed claim 1, wherein each pulling element comprises a separate launch-side portion and a separate return-side portion, and the first end of the launch-side portion of the pulling element and correspondingly the first end of the return-side portion are connected to the first carriage. 3. A catapult as claimed in claim 1, wherein the returning device is a hydraulic cylinder. 4. A catapult as claimed in claim 1, wherein the damper is arranged in connection with the returning device. 5. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises securing means for supporting the aircraft; a second carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame; at least one launching cylinder that is pressure-medium-operated and that is arranged to move the second carriage at least in one direction; at least one pulley mechanism that comprises at least one pulley and that is arranged in connection with the second carriage; at least one pulling element that is engaged with the first carriage and the frame, and which pulling element is further arranged to run via at least one launch-side pulley mechanism and to transmit the motion of the second carriage to the first carriage using a predetermined transmission ratio provided by the pulley mechanism for moving the first carriage from the launch position to the release position; at least one locking device for locking and unlocking the first carriage in the launch position; at least one damper that is arranged to make the first carriage halt in the release position; at least one returning device that is arranged to return the first carriage from the release position to the launch position; and at least one return-side pulley mechanism in connection with the second carriage and comprising at least one pulley, wherein the pulling element comprises a launch-side portion acting from the first carriage in the launch direction and a return-side portion acting in the return direction, the return-side portion of the pulling element is arranged to run through the return-side pulley mechanism so as to provide a predetermined transmission ratio, the returning device is arranged to transfer the second carriage in the return direction that is opposite to the launch direction, the launch-side pulley mechanism and the return-side pulley mechanism have substantially the same transmission ratio, whereby the transfer of the second carriage in either direction of motion is arranged to move the first carriage for substantially the same distance, the pulling element is a rope, and the rope is at least mainly of plastic material. 6. A catapult as claimed in claim 5, wherein the specific weight of the rope is less than 4.0 kg/liter. 7. A catapult as claimed in claim 5, wherein the specific weight of the rope is less than 1.0 kg/liter. 8. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises securing means for supporting the aircraft; a second carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame; at least one launching cylinder that is pressure-medium-operated and that is arranged to move the second carriage at least in one direction; at least one pulley mechanism that comprises at least one pulley and that is arranged in connection with the second carriage; at least one pulling element that is engaged with the first carriage and the frame, and which pulling element is further arranged to run via at least one launch-side pulley mechanism and to transmit the motion of the second carriage to the first carriage using a predetermined transmission ratio provided by the pulley mechanism for moving the first carriage from the launch position to the release position; at least one locking device for locking and unlocking the first carriage in the launch position; at least one damper that is arranged to make the first carriage halt in the release position; at least one returning device that is arranged to return the first carriage from the release position to the launch position; and at least one return-side pulley mechanism in connection with the second carriage and comprising at least one pulley, wherein the pulling element comprises a launch-side portion acting from the first carriage in the launch direction and a return-side portion acting in the return direction, the return-side portion of the pulling element is arranged to run through the return-side pulley mechanism so as to provide a predetermined transmission ratio, the returning device is arranged to transfer the second carriage in the return direction that is opposite to the launch direction, the launch-side pulley mechanism and the return-side pulley mechanism have substantially the same transmission ratio, whereby the transfer of the second carriage in either direction of motion is arranged to move the first carriage for substantially the same distance, the pulling element is a rope, and the rope is of composite material, which comprises a first component of plastic material and a second component of reinforcement material. 9. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises securing means for supporting the aircraft; a second carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame; at least one launching cylinder that is pressure-medium-operated and that is arranged to move the second carriage at least in one direction; at least one pulley mechanism that comprises at least one pulley and that is arranged in connection with the second carriage; at least one pulling element that is engaged with the first carriage and the frame, and which pulling element is further arranged to run via at least one launch-side pulley mechanism and to transmit the motion of the second carriage to the first carriage using a predetermined transmission ratio provided by the pulley mechanism for moving the first carriage from the launch position to the release position; at least one locking device for locking and unlocking the first carriage in the launch position; at least one damper that is arranged to make the first carriage halt in the release position; at least one returning device that is arranged to return the first carriage from the release position to the launch position; and at least one return-side pulley mechanism in connection with the second carriage and comprising at least one pulley, wherein the pulling element comprises a launch-side portion acting from the first carriage in the launch direction and a return-side portion acting in the return direction, the return-side portion of the pulling element is arranged to run through the return-side pulley mechanism so as to provide a predetermined transmission ratio, the returning device is arranged to transfer the second carriage in the return direction that is opposite to the launch direction, the launch-side pulley mechanism and the return-side pulley mechanism have substantially the same transmission ratio, whereby the transfer of the second carriage in either direction of motion is arranged to move the first carriage for substantially the same distance, and the frame of the catapult is connected to a transportation container, within which the frame can be arranged. 10. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises securing means for supporting the aircraft; a second carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame; at least one launching cylinder that is pressure-medium-operated and that is arranged to move the second carriage at least in one direction; at least one pulley mechanism that comprises at least one pulley and that is arranged in connection with the second carriage; at least one pulling element that is engaged with the first carriage and the frame, and which pulling element is further arranged to run via at least one launch-side pulley mechanism and to transmit the motion of the second carriage to the first carriage using a predetermined transmission ratio provided by the pulley mechanism for moving the first carriage from the launch position to the release position; at least one locking device for locking and unlocking the first carriage in the launch position; at least one damper that is arranged to make the first carriage halt in the release position; at least one returning device that is arranged to return the first carriage from the release position to the launch position; and at least one return-side pulley mechanism in connection with the second carriage and comprising at least one pulley, wherein the pulling element comprises a launch-side portion acting from the first carriage in the launch direction and a return-side portion acting in the return direction, the return-side portion of the pulling element is arranged to run through the return-side pulley mechanism so as to provide a predetermined transmission ratio, the returning device is arranged to transfer the second carriage in the return direction that is opposite to the launch direction, the launch-side pulley mechanism and the return-side pulley mechanism have substantially the same transmission ratio, whereby the transfer of the second carriage in either direction of motion is arranged to move the first carriage for substantially the same distance, and the launch-side portion of the pulling element to runs around a first sheave provided with a first tightener and the return-side portion of the pulling element runs around a second sheave provided with a second tightener, whereby the tighteners provide tightness for the pulling element. 11. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises securing means for supporting the aircraft; a second carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame; at least one launching cylinder that is pressure-medium-operated and that is arranged to move the second carriage at least in one direction; at least one pulley mechanism that comprises at least one pulley and that is arranged in connection with the second carriage; at least one pulling element that is engaged with the first carriage and the frame, and which pulling element is further arranged to run via at least one launch-side pulley mechanism and to transmit the motion of the second carriage to the first carriage using a predetermined transmission ratio provided by the pulley mechanism for moving the first carriage from the launch position to the release position; at least one locking device for locking and unlocking the first carriage in the launch position; at least one damper that is arranged to make the first carriage halt in the release position; at least one returning device that is arranged to return the first carriage from the release position to the launch position; and at least one return-side pulley mechanism in connection with the second carriage and comprising at least one pulley, wherein the pulling element comprises a launch-side portion acting from the first carriage in the launch direction and a return-side portion acting in the return direction, the return-side portion of the pulling element is arranged to run through the return-side pulley mechanism so as to provide a predetermined transmission ratio, the returning device is arranged to transfer the second carriage in the return direction that is opposite to the launch direction, the launch-side pulley mechanism and the return-side pulley mechanism have substantially the same transmission ratio, whereby the transfer of the second carriage in either direction of motion is arranged to move the first carriage for substantially the same distance, and the elongated frame comprises a plurality of frame parts between which are hinges enabling the frame parts to be moved in horizontal direction with respect to one another and to thereby to be folded up in juxtaposition. 12. In an aircraft catapult for launching an unmanned aircraft, the improvements comprising: an elongated frame; a first carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame from a launch position to a release position and back, and which first carriage comprises securing means for supporting the aircraft; a second carriage that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the frame; at least one launching cylinder that is pressure-medium-operated and that is arranged to move the second carriage at least in one direction; at least one pulley mechanism that comprises at least one pulley and that is arranged in connection with the second carriage; at least one pulling element that is engaged with the first carriage and the frame, and which pulling element is further arranged to run via at least one launch-side pulley mechanism and to transmit the motion of the second carriage to the first carriage using a predetermined transmission ratio provided by the pulley mechanism for moving the first carriage from the launch position to the release position; at least one locking device for locking and unlocking the first carriage in the launch position; at least one damper that is arranged to make the first carriage halt in the release position; at least one returning device that is arranged to return the first carriage from the release position to the launch position; and at least one return-side pulley mechanism in connection with the second carriage and comprising at least one pulley, wherein the pulling element comprises a launch-side portion acting from the first carriage in the launch direction and a return-side portion acting in the return direction, the return-side portion of the pulling element is arranged to run through the return-side pulley mechanism so as to provide a predetermined transmission ratio, the returning device is arranged to transfer the second carriage in the return direction that is opposite to the launch direction, the launch-side pulley mechanism and the return-side pulley mechanism have substantially the same transmission ratio, whereby the transfer of the second carriage in either direction of motion is arranged to move the first carriage for substantially the same distance, and the locking device includes a frame, to which a locking part is arranged pivotably in relation to a link, and further the locking part has a notch into which a locking pin of the first carriage is arrangeable, and wherein the locking device further comprises an actuator, which is arranged to turn the locking part to open and closed positions by means of a link mechanism.
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Siegel Moses (Cheltenham PA) Cahall Everett (Medford NJ) Dunning David (Bayville NJ) Hammond Joseph (Cornwells Heights PA), Aircraft launcher.
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