An improved inline intravenous fluid warming device. In one embodiment, the device includes a resistive film heater that is thermally coupled to a body having a serpentine fluid path extending therethrough. The film heater is coupled to the body via a first layer that is a thermally conductive and
An improved inline intravenous fluid warming device. In one embodiment, the device includes a resistive film heater that is thermally coupled to a body having a serpentine fluid path extending therethrough. The film heater is coupled to the body via a first layer that is a thermally conductive and electrically insulative and a second layer that is thermally conductive. In another embodiment first and second resistive film heaters are employed to support either line power or battery powered operation.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive fil
What is claimed is: 1. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive film heater to said first surface of said body; wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a first phase transition material layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said resistive film heater and said first surface of said body; wherein said first phase transition material layer is electrically insulative; wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a second thermally conductive layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said first phase transition material layer and said first surface of said body; and wherein said second layer is a graphite layer. 2. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive film heater to said first surface of said body; and wherein said body includes first and second body portions mated one to the other to form said body and wherein said serpentine fluid passage is formed between surfaces of said first and second body portions. 3. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive film heater to said first surface of said body; and wherein said first and second body portions each includes a base portion and a plurality of integrally formed spaced fins extending from the base portion, wherein said fins of each of said first and second body portions are disposed between the fins of the other one of said first and second body portions when the first body portion is mated to said second body portion and said serpentine path is formed between the fins of said first and second body portions. 4. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive turn heater to said first surface of said body; and wherein said body includes a first body portion having a channel that defines said serpentine path, wherein said first surface is generally planar and said channel is generally parallel to said first surface of said body, said body further including a second body portion that is mated with said first body portion as a cover that defines an upper wall of said channel. 5. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive film heater to said first surface of said body; and wherein said first resistive film heater includes an insulative substrate and a resistive heater element on one surface of said substrate, said fluid warming device further including at least one first temperature sensor in thermal communication with said substrate and coupled to the opposing surface of said substrate from said resistive heater element, said at least one first temperature sensor being operative to provide at least one indication of the temperature of said body. 6. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive film heater to said first surface of said body; wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a first phase transition material layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said resistive film heater and said first surface of said body; wherein said first phase transition material layer is electrically insulative; wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a second thermally conductive layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said first phase transition material layer and said first surface of said body; and further including a second heater and a second phase transition material layer, said first and second heaters, said first and second phase transition material layers and said thermally conductive layer each having respective first and second opposing surfaces and collectively forming a laminated structure in which: said second surface of said first heater is mated to a first surface of said first phase transition material layer, said second surface of said first phase transition material layer is mated to said first surface of said second heater; said second surface of said second heater is mated to said first surface of said second phase transition material layer, said second surface of said second phase transition material layer is mated to said first surface of said thermally conductive layer, and said second surface of said thermally conductive layer is disposed in releasable abutting relation with said first surface of said body; and wherein said first resistive film heater is configured for line powered operation and said second heater is configured for operation at a voltage under ten volts. 7. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive film heater to said first surface of said body; wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a first phase transition material layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said resistive film heater and said first surface of said body; wherein said first phase transition material layer is electrically insulative; wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a second thermally conductive layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said first phase transition material layer and said first surface of said body; and further including a second heater and a second phase transition material layer, said first and second heater, said first and second phase transition material layers and said thermally conductive layer each having respective first and second opposing surfaces and collectively forming a laminated structure in which: said second surface of said first heater is mated to a first surface of said first phase transition material layer, said second surface of said first phase transition material layer is mated to said first surface of said second heater, said second surface of said second heater is mated to said first surface of said second phase transition material layer. said second surface of said second phase transition material layer is mated to said first surface of said thermally conductive layer, and said second surface of said thermally conductive layer is disposed in releasable abutting relation with said first surface of said body; and wherein said first resistive film heater includes an insulative substrate and a resistive path disposed on one surface of said substrate, said fluid warming device further including a first temperature sensor in thermal communication with said substrate and coupled to the opposing surface of said substrate from said resistive path, said first temperature sensor being operative to provide an indication of the temperature of said body. 8. A fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body from said input port to said output port, said body including a first surface; a first resistive film heater; at least one thermally conductive layer thermally coupling said resistive film heater to said first surface of said body; and wherein said resistive film heater includes a heater element extending between a first end that is adjacent said input port of said body and a second end that is adjacent the output port of said body, wherein said heater element is configured such that the resistance of said etch per linear inch adjacent said first end is greater than the resistance of said etch per linear inch at said second end and the resistance of said etch decreases from said first end to said second end. 9. A heat exchanger for use in an inline fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body between said input port and said output port, said body having at least one heat transfer surface for transferring heat from at least one heater to said body, said body including: a first portion having a generally serpentine fluid path oriented generally parallel to said heat transfer surface; and a second portion mated to said first portion, said second portion comprising a cover defining at least a portion of the walls of said fluid path. 10. A heat exchanger for use in an inline fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending through said body between said input port and said output port, said body having at least one heat transfer surface for transferring heat from at least one heater to said body, wherein said fluid passage includes fluid passage walls of a first surface area and said at least one heat transfer surface has a second surface area and said first surface area is at least two times greater than said second surface area. 11. A heat exchanger for use in an inline fluid warming device comprising: a thermally conductive body having an input port and an output port, said body having a serpentine fluid passage extending trough said body between said input port and said output port, said body having at least one heat transfer surface for transferring heat from at least one heater to said body, said body including first and second portions, said first portion having a first plurality of generally parallel fins integrally formed with and extending from a first base, said second portion having a second plurality of generally parallel fins integrally formed with and extending from a second base, said first portion being mated to said second portion such that said first plurality of fins are disposed between and spaced from said second plurality of fins to define said serpentine path between said first and second plurality of fins. 12. The fluid warming device of claims 2, 3, 4, 5, or 8 , wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a first phase transition material layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said resistive film heater and said lint surface of said body. 13. The fluid warming device of claim 12 wherein said first phase transition material layer is electrically insulative. 14. The fluid warming device of claims 13 or 1, wherein said first phase transition material layer includes a coating on each side of the layer and wherein said coating has a melting point in the range of about 47-57 degrees centigrade. 15. The fluid warming device of claim 14 wherein said first phase transition material layer is approximately 0.001 inch thick. 16. The fluid warming device of claim 13 wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes a second thermally conductive layer disposed in thermally conductive relation between said first phase transition material layer and said first surface of said body. 17. The fluid warming device of claim 16 wherein said second layer is releasably mateable with said first surface of said body. 18. The fluid warming device of claim 1 wherein said graphite film has a thickness between approximately 0.05" and 015'. 19. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said body comprises an aluminum body. 20. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said body comprises a thermally conductive plastic. 21. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said first resistive film heater includes a heater element having a resistance between 1.5 ohms and 10 obms. 22. The fluid warming device of claim 5 further including at least one second temperature sensor in thermal communication with said substrate and coupled to the opposing surface of said substrate from said resistive heater element, said at least one second temperature sensor being positioned to sense the temperature of said resistive heater element. 23. The fluid warming device of claim 22 wherein said at least one first sensor includes two first sensors mounted to said substrate adjacent first and second ends of said body and said at least one second sensor includes two second sensors mounted to said substrate adjacent said first and second ends of said body. 24. The fluid warming device of claim 23 further including a controller electrically coupled to said two first sensors and said two second sensors and receiving signals therefrom, said controller operative in response to the signals received from said to control the power applied to said first heater. 25. The fluid warming device of claim 16 further including a second heater and a second phase transition material layer, said first and second heaters, said first and second phase transition material layers and said thermally conductive layer each having respective first and second opposing surfaces and collectively forming a laminated structure in which: said second surface of said first heater is mated to a first surface of said first phase transition material layer, said second surface of said first phase transition material layer is mated to said first surface of said second heater, said second surface of said second heater is mated to said first surface of said second phase transition material layer, said second surface of said second phase transition material layer is mated to said first surface of said thermally conductive layer, and said second surface of said thermally conductive layer is disposed in releasable abutting relation with said first surface of said body. 26. The fluid warming device of claim 6 wherein said second resistive film heater comprises a conductive screen that provides an electronic shield to reduce the coupling of AC fields to fluid passing through said warming device when said first resistive film heater is line powered. 27. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said body includes walls defining said serpentine path and said walls have a non-uniform contour to promote mixing of fluid passing through said body. 28. The fluid warming device of claim 7 further including a second temperature sensor thermally coupled to said first resistive film heater, said second temperature sensor operative to provide an indication of the temperature of one of said first and second heaters. 29. The fluid warming device of claim 28 further including a power controller operative to control the power applied to one of said first and second heaters in response to outputs from said first and second temperature sensors to control the temperature of fluids exiting said body. 30. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said first surface of said body, said first resistive film heater and said at least one thermally conductive layer are generally planar. 31. The fluid warming device claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, wherein said at least one thermally conductive layer includes an electrically insulative and thermally conductive first layer and a second thermally conductive layer, wherein said first layer is disposed between and in contact with said first heater and said second layer, and said second layer is disposed between and in thermally conductive relation with said first layer and said first surface of said thermally conductive body. 32. The fluid warming device of claim 8 wherein said resistance of said changes at discreet points between said first end and said second end. 33. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said fluid passage is defined by interior surfaces of said body having an interior surface area, wherein said interior surface area is greater than the surface area of said first surface of said body. 34. The fluid warming device of claim 33 wherein said interior surface area is at least two times greater than the surface area of said first surface. 35. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said body and fluid within said body have a first mass and said resistive film heater has a second mass and said first thermal mass is at least ten times greater than said second mass. 36. The fluid warming device of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein said resistive film heater comprises a flexible resistive film heater. 37. The heat exchanger of claim 9 wherein said at least one heat transfer surface is generally planar. 38. The heat exchanger of claim 9 wherein said body is aluminum. 39. The heat exchanger of claim 9 wherein said body is a thermally conductive plastic. 40. The heat exchanger of claim 9 wherein said body is a thermally conductive composite. 41. The heat exchanger of claim 11 wherein said body is a thermally conductive composite. 42. The heat exchanger of claim 9 wherein said first and second portions comprise the same material. 43. The heat exchanger of claim 10 wherein said body is aluminum. 44. The heat exchanger of claim 10 wherein said body is a thermally conductive plastic. 45. The heat exchanger of claim 10 wherein said body is a thermally conductive composite. 46. The beat exchanger of claim 11 wherein said body is aluminum. 47. The heat exchanger of claim 11 wherein said body is a thermally conductive plastic. 48. The heat exchanger of claim 11 wherein said first and second portions comprise the same material.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (7)
Verkaart Wesley H. (Duxbury MA), Heat exchanger for physiological fluids.
Augustine, Scott Douglas; Maharaji, Gary Rabindranath; Ziaimehr, Allen Hamid; Entenman, Scott Allen, IV fluid warming system with detection of presence and alignment of cassette.
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