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Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | US-0716286 (2007-03-08) |
등록번호 | US-7284520 (2007-10-23) |
발명자 / 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 5 인용 특허 : 395 |
The present invention relates to a lash adjuster body, comprising A lash adjuster body, comprising an outer surface, enclosing a cavity, wherein the cavity includes an inner surface configured to accommodate an insert and a spring; and the cavity is fabricated through forging.
The invention claimed is: 1. A process for manufacturing a valve lifter body, comprising the steps of: a) providing a forgeable material; b) cold forming a first lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) the first lifter cavity extends axially into the forgeable material from a first li
The invention claimed is: 1. A process for manufacturing a valve lifter body, comprising the steps of: a) providing a forgeable material; b) cold forming a first lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) the first lifter cavity extends axially into the forgeable material from a first lifter opening that is shaped to accept a roller; ii) the first lifter cavity includes a first inner lifter surface provided with a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall, a first curved lifter surface, a second curved lifter surface, and a lifter surface; iii) the first wall faces the second wall; iv) the second wall faces the first wall; v) the third wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening, faces the fourth wall, and terminates at least in part at the second curved lifter surface; vi) the fourth wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening, faces the third wall, and terminates at least in part at the first curved lifter surface; vii) the first curved lifter surface extends from the fourth wall and terminates, at least in part, at the lifter surface; viii) the second curved lifter surface extends from the third wall and terminates, at least in part, at the lifter surface; ix) the lifter surface is, relative to the curved lifter surfaces, generally flat and oriented to be generally orthogonal to a valve lifter axis; c) cold forming a second lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) the second lifter cavity extends axially into the valve lifter body from a second lifter opening; ii) the second lifter cavity includes a second inner lifter surface; and d) providing the forgeable material with a lifter well. 2. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming. 3. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 4. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the valve lifter body with a first end; b) providing the valve lifter body with a second end; c) cold forming an outer lifter surface onto the forgeable material; and d) cold forming an undercut lifter surface into the outer lifter surface so that the undercut lifter surface extends from the second end of the valve lifter body. 5. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the valve lifter body with a first end; b) providing the valve lifter body with a second end; c) cold forming an outer lifter surface onto the forgeable material; d) machining a first cylindrical lifter surface into the outer lifter surface so that the first cylindrical lifter surface is provided with a first radius; and e) machining a second cylindrical lifter surface into the outer lifter surface so that the second cylindrical lifter surface extends from the second end of the valve lifter body and is provided with a second radius. 6. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of: a) cold forming the forgeable material to provide an outer lifter surface, a first end, and a second end; and b) cold forming the second end to provide a generally cylindrical surface having a reduced diameter relative to the outer lifter surface. 7. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 wherein the step of cold forming the second lifter cavity into the forgeable material provides the lifter well and a lead surface. 8. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 wherein the step of cold forming the first lifter cavity into the forgeable material further includes providing the lifter surface with a generally circular shape. 9. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 wherein the step of cold forming the first lifter cavity into the forgeable material further includes providing the lifter surface with a generally rectangular shape. 10. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 further comprising the step of machining the second inner lifter surface to provide a lead surface that extends racially from the lifter well and terminates, at least in part, at the second inner lifter surface of the second lifter cavity. 11. The process for manufacturing the valve lifter body according to claim 1 wherein the step of cold forming the second lifter cavity into the forgeable material further includes providing at least a portion of the lifter well and a lead surface that is frusto-conical in shape. 12. The process of claim 1 wherein the step of cold forming the first lifter cavity further includes: a) providing a first angled wall, a second angled wall, a third angled wall, and a fourth angled wall that extend axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening; b) providing a first angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the first wall, the fourth wall, and the first angled wall; c) providing a second angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the first wall, the third wall, and the fourth angled wall; d) providing a third angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the second wall, the third wall, and the second angled wall; e) providing a fourth angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the second wall, the fourth wall, and the third angled wall; f) cold forming the first angled wall so that it terminates, at least in part, at the first angled lifter surface; g) cold forming the second angled wall so that it terminates, at least in part, at the third angled lifter surface; h) cold forming the third angled wall so that it terminates, at least in part, at the fourth angled lifter surface; i) cold forming the fourth angled wall so that it terminates, at least in part, at the second angled lifter surface; and j) cold forming at least one of the angled lifter surfaces so that it extends from at least one of the angled walls towards the valve lifter axis and is oriented to be at an angle relative to a plane that is orthogonal to the valve lifter axis, the angle measuring between twenty-five and about ninety degrees. 13. The process of claim 1 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a lash adjuster body through cold forming; b) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; and c) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 14. The process of claim 12 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a lash adjuster body through cold forming; b) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; c) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming; d) machining at least a portion of the lash adjuster body so that the lash adjuster body telescopes within the valve lifter body; and e) machining at least, a portion of the leakdown plunger. 15. A process for manufacturing a valve lifter body, comprising the steps of: a) providing a forgeable material; b) cold forming a first lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) the first lifter cavity is shaped to accept a roller; ii) the first lifter cavity is provided with a first lifter opening that is located at a first end; iii) a first inner lifter surface extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and includes a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall, a first curved lifter surface, a second curved lifter surface, and a lifter surface; iv) the first wall faces the second wall; v) the second wall faces the first wall; vi) the third wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening, faces the fourth wall, and terminates at least in part at the second curved lifter surface; vii) the fourth wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening, faces the third wall, and terminates at least in part at the first curved lifter surface; viii) the first curved lifter surface extends from the fourth wall and is located adjacent to the lifter surface; ix) the second curved lifter surface extends from the third wall and is located adjacent to the lifter surface; x) the lifter surface is, relative to the curved lifter surfaces, generally flat and oriented to be generally orthogonal to a valve lifter axis; c) cold forming a second lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) the second lifter cavity extends axially into the forgeable material from a second lifter opening; ii) the second lifter cavity includes a second inner lifter surface; and d) machining the second inner lifter surface to provide a plurality of cylindrical surfaces. 16. The process of claim 15 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming. 17. The process of claim 15 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 18. The process of claim 15 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; and b) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 19. The process of claim 15 further comprising the steps of: a) cold forming the forgeable material to provide, at least in part, a first end wherein the first lifter opening is located and a second end wherein the second lifter opening is located; and b) cold forming the forgeable material to include an undercut lifter surface that extends from the second end. 20. The process of claim 15 wherein the step of cold forming the second lifter cavity into the forgeable material includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well. 21. The process of claim 15 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) machining the outer lifter surface, at least in part, to provide a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface wherein the first cylindrical surface is provided with a first radius and the second cylindrical surface is provided with a second radius that is smaller than the first radius. 22. The process of claim 15 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) cold forming the forgeable material to provide, at least in part, a cylindrical surface with a reduced diameter located on the outer lifter surface. 23. The process of claim 15 wherein the step of machining the second inner lifter surface further includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well that is generally cylindrical in shape with a diameter that is smaller than a diameter of the second inner lifter surface. 24. A process for manufacturing a valve lifter body that includes a valve lifter axis, comprising the steps of: a) providing a forgeable material; b) cold forming a first lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) a first end is provided wherein the first end includes a first lifter opening shaped to accept a roller; ii) the first lifter cavity includes a first inner lifter surface provided with a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall, a first curved lifter surface, a second curved lifter surface, and a lifter surface; iii) the walls extend axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and are positioned so that: 1) the first wall faces the second wall; 2) the second wall faces the first wall; 3) the third wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening, faces the fourth wall, and is located adjacent to the second curved lifter surface; 4) the fourth wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening, faces the third wall and is located adjacent to the first curved lifter surface; iv) the first curved lifter surface extends from the fourth wall and is located adjacent to the lifter surface; v) the second curved lifter surface extends from the third wall and is located adjacent to the lifter surface; vi) the lifter surface is, relative to the curved lifter surfaces, generally flat and oriented to be generally orthogonal to the valve lifter axis; c) cold forming a second lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) a second end is provided wherein the second end includes a second lifter opening that is generally cylindrical in shape; ii) the second lifter cavity extends axially into the valve lifter body from the second lifter opening; iii) the second lifter cavity includes a second inner lifter surface; and d) heat-treating the valve lifter body. 25. The process of claim 24 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming. 26. The process of claim 24 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 27. The process of claim 24 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; and b) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 28. The process of claim 24 further comprising the step of cold forming the forgeable material to include an undercut lifter surface that extends from the second end. 29. The process of claim 24 wherein the step of cold forming the second lifter cavity into the forgeable material includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well. 30. The process of claim 24 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) machining the outer lifter surface, at least in part, to provide a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface wherein the first cylindrical surface is provided with a first radius and the second cylindrical surface is provided with a second radius that is smaller than the first radius. 31. The process of claim 24 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) cold forming the forgeable material to provide, at least in part, a cylindrical surface with a reduced diameter located on the outer lifter surface. 32. The process of claim 24 wherein the step of machining the second inner lifter surface further includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well that is generally cylindrical in shape with a diameter that is smaller than a diameter of the second inner lifter surface. 33. A process for manufacturing a valve lifter body that includes a valve lifter axis, a first lifter cavity with a first inner lifter surface extending from a first lifter opening located at a first end, and a second lifter cavity with a second inner lifter surface extending from a second lifter opening located at a second end, wherein the first inner lifter surface includes a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall, a first angled wall, a second angled wall, a third angled wall, a fourth angled wall, a first angled lifter surface, a second angled lifter surface, a third angled lifter surface, and a fourth angled lifter surface, the process for manufacturing the valve lifter body comprising the steps of: a) providing a forgeable material; b) cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces so that: i) the walls extend axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and are positioned so that the first wall faces the second wall and the third wall faces the fourth wall; ii) the first angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the first wall and the fourth wall; iii) the second angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the first wall and the third wall; iv) the third angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the second wall and the third wall; v) the fourth angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the second wall and the fourth wall; vi) the first angled wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the first angled lifter surface; vii) the second angled wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the third angled lifter surface; viii) the third angled wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the fourth angled lifter surface; ix) the fourth angled wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the second angled lifter surface; c) cold forming the second lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that the second lifter cavity extends axially into the forgeable material from the second lifter opening and includes the second inner lifter surface that is generally cylindrical in shape; and d) heat treating the valve lifter body. 34. The process of claim 33 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces further includes orienting at least one of the angled lifter surfaces to be at an angle relative to a plane that is orthogonal to the valve lifter axis, the angle measuring between twenty-five and about ninety degrees. 35. The process of claim 33 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces further includes orienting the fourth angled lifter surface to extend from the third angled wall at an angle relative to a plane that is orthogonal to the valve lifter axis measuring between 45 degrees and 65 degrees. 36. The process of claim 33 further comprising the steps of: a) providing a combustion engine; b) cold forming, at least in part, a lash adjuster body; c) locating the lash adjuster body within the valve lifter body so that the lash adjuster body telescopes within the valve lifter body; and d) locating the valve lifter body within the combustion engine where it functions, at least in part, to operate a valve. 37. The process of claim 33 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces further includes orienting at least one of the angled lifter surfaces to extend from at least one of the angled walls at an angle relative to a plane that is orthogonal to the valve lifter axis measuring between 25 degrees and 75 degrees. 38. The process of claim 33 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces further includes orienting at least one of the angled lifter surfaces to be at an angle relative to a plane that is orthogonal to the valve lifter axis. 39. The process of claim 33 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces further includes providing a first curved lifter surface and a second curved lifter surface so that: a) the fourth wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the first curved lifter surface; and b) the third wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the second curved lifter surface. 40. The process of claim 33 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces further includes providing a first curved lifter surface and a second curved lifter surface so that: a) the fourth wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the first curved lifter surface; b) the third wall extends axially into the valve lifter body from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the second curved lifter surface; c) the first angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the first wall, the fourth wall, the first angled wall, and the first curved lifter surface; d) the second angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the first wall, the third wall, the fourth angled wall, and the second curved lifter surface; e) the third angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the second wall, the third wall, the second angled wall, and the second curved lifter surface; and f) the fourth angled lifter surface is located adjacent to the second wall, the fourth wall, the third angled wall, and the first curved lifter surface. 41. The process of claim 33 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the angled walls, and the angled lifter surfaces further includes: a) providing the first angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the first wall, the fourth wall, and the first angled wall; b) providing the second angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the first wall, the third wall, and the fourth angled wall; c) providing the third angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the second wall, the third wall, and the second angled wall; d) providing the fourth angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the second wall, the fourth wall, and the third angled wall; e) providing at least one of the angled lifter surfaces so that it extends from at least one of the angled walls towards the valve lifter axis; and f) orienting at least one of the angled lifter surfaces to be at an angle relative to a plane that is orthogonal to the valve lifter axis, the angle measuring between twenty-five and about ninety degrees. 42. The process of claim 33 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a lash adjuster body through cold forming; b) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; and c) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 43. The process of claim 42 further comprising the steps of: a) machining at least a portion of the lash adjuster body so that the lash adjuster body telescopes within the valve lifter body; and b) machining at least a portion of the leakdown plunger. 44. A process for manufacturing a valve lifter body that includes a valve lifter axis, comprising the steps of: a) providing a forgeable material; b) cold forming a first lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) the forgeable material is provided with a first lifter opening that is shaped to accept a roller; ii) the first lifter cavity extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and includes a first inner lifter surface that is provided with a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall, a first angled wall, a second angled wall, a third angled wall, a fourth angled wall, a first curved lifter surface, a second curved lifter surface, and a lifter surface; iii) the first wall and the second wall extend axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and are positioned so that the first wall faces the second wall; iv) the third wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the second curved lifter surface; v) the fourth wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening and terminates, at least in part, at the first curved lifter surface; vi) the third wall and the fourth wall are positioned so that the third wall faces the fourth wall; vii) the first angled wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening, faces the second angled wall, and is located between the fourth wall and the first wall; viii) the second angled wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening, faces the first angled wall, and is located between the second wall and the third wall; ix) the third angled wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening, faces the fourth angled wall, and is located between the second wall and the fourth wall; x) the fourth angled wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening, faces the third angled wall, and is located between the first wall and the third wall; xi) the first and the second curved lifter surfaces are, at least in part, located adjacent to the lifter surface, which is, relative to the curved lifter surfaces, generally flat and oriented to be generally orthogonal to the valve lifter axis; c) cold forming a second lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that: i) the forgeable material is provided with a second lifter opening; and ii) the second lifter cavity extends axially into the forgeable material from the second lifter opening and includes a second inner lifter surface. 45. The process of claim 44 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming. 46. The process of claim 44 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 47. The process of claim 44 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; and b) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 48. The process of claim 44 further comprising the steps of: a) cold forming the forgeable material to provide, at least in part, a first end wherein the first lifter opening is located and a second end wherein the second lifter opening is located; and b) cold forming the forgeable material to include an undercut lifter surface that extends from the second end. 49. The process of claim 44 wherein the step of cold forming the second lifter cavity includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well. 50. The process of claim 44 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) machining the outer lifter surface, at least in part, to provide a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface wherein the first cylindrical surface is provided with a first radius and the second cylindrical surface is provided with a second radius that is smaller than the first radius. 51. The process of claim 44 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) cold forming the forgeable material to provide, at least in part, a cylindrical surface with a reduced diameter located on the outer lifter surface. 52. The process of claim 44 wherein the step of machining the second inner lifter surface further includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well that is generally cylindrical in shape with a diameter that is smaller than a diameter of the second inner lifter surface. 53. The process of claim 44 wherein the step of cold forming the first lifter cavity further includes providing the lifter surface with a generally circular shape. 54. The process of claim 44 wherein the step of cold forming the first lifter cavity further includes providing the lifter surface with a generally rectangular shape. 55. The process of claim 44 wherein the first lifter opening is a chamfered opening that has been fabricated, at least in part, through cold forming. 56. The process of claim 44 further comprising the steps of: a) providing a combustion engine; b) cold forming, at least in part, a lash adjuster body; c) locating the lash adjuster body within the valve lifter body so that the lash adjuster body telescopes within the valve lifter body; and d) locating the valve lifter body within the combustion engine where it functions, at least in part, to operate a valve. 57. The process of claim 44 wherein the step of cold forming the first lifter cavity further includes: a) providing a first angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the first wall, the fourth wall, and the first angled wall; b) providing a second angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the first wall, the third wall, and the fourth angled wall; c) providing a third angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the second wall, the third wall, and the second angled wall; d) providing a fourth angled lifter surface so that it is located adjacent to the second wall, the fourth wall, and the third angled wall; e) providing at least one of the angled lifter surfaces so that it extends from at least one of the angled walls towards the valve lifter axis; and f) orienting at least one of the angled lifter surfaces to be at an angle relative to a plane that is orthogonal to the valve lifter axis, the angle measuring between twenty-five and about ninety degrees. 58. The process of claim 44 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a lash adjuster body through cold forming; b) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; and c) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 59. The process of claim 58 further comprising the steps of: a) machining at least a portion of the lash adjuster body so that the lash adjuster body telescopes within the valve lifter body; and b) machining at least a portion of the leakdown plunger. 60. A process for manufacturing a valve lifter body that includes a valve lifter axis, a first lifter cavity with a first inner lifter surface extending from a first lifter opening located at a first end, and a second lifter cavity with a second inner lifter surface extending from a second lifter opening located at a second end, wherein the first inner lifter surface includes a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall, a first curved lifter surface, a second curved lifter surface, and a lifter surface, the process for manufacturing the valve lifter body comprising the steps of: a) providing a forgeable material; b) cold forming the walls, the curved lifter surfaces, and the lifter surface into the forgeable material so that: i) the first wall faces the second wall; ii) the second wall faces the first wall; iii) the third wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening, faces the fourth wall, and terminates, at least in part, at the second curved lifter surface; iv) the fourth wall extends axially into the forgeable material from the first lifter opening, faces the third wall, and terminates, at least in part, at the first curved lifter surface; v) the first curved lifter surface extends from the fourth wall and terminates, at least in part, at the lifter surface; vi) the second curved lifter surface extends from the third wall and terminates, at least in part, at the lifter surface; vii) the lifter surface is, relative to the curved lifter surfaces, generally flat and oriented to be generally orthogonal to the valve lifter axis; and c) cold forming the second lifter cavity into the forgeable material so that the second lifter cavity extends axially into the forgeable material from the second lifter opening and includes the second inner lifter surface that is generally cylindrical in shape. 61. The process of claim 60 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming. 62. The process of claim 60 further comprising the step of fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming. 63. The process of claim 60 further comprising the steps of: a) fabricating, at least in part, a socket body through cold forming; and b) fabricating, at least in part, a leakdown plunger through cold forming. 64. The process of claim 60 further comprising the steps of cold forming the forgeable material to include an undercut lifter surface that extends from the second end. 65. The process of claim 60 wherein the step of cold forming the second lifter cavity includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well. 66. The process of claim 60 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) machining the outer lifter surface, at least in part, to provide a first cylindrical surface and a second cylindrical surface wherein the first cylindrical surface is provided with a first radius and the second cylindrical surface is provided with a second radius that is smaller than the first radius. 67. The process of claim 60 further comprising the steps of: a) providing the forgeable material with an outer lifter surface; and b) cold forming the forgeable material to provide, at least in part, a cylindrical surface with a reduced diameter located on the outer lifter surface. 68. The process of claim 60 wherein the step of machining the second inner lifter surface further includes providing, at least in part, a lifter well that is generally cylindrical in shape with a diameter that is smaller than a diameter of the second inner lifter surface. 69. The process of claim 60 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the curved lifter surfaces, and the lifter surface further includes providing the lifter surface with a generally circular shape. 70. The process of claim 60 wherein the step of cold forming the walls, the curved lifter surfaces, and the lifter surface further includes providing the lifter surface with a generally rectangular shape. 71. The process of claim 60 wherein the first lifter opening is a chamfered opening that has been fabricated, at least in part, through cold forming.
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