IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0679605
(2003-10-01)
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등록번호 |
US-7306868
(2007-12-11)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
- Hewlett Packard Development Company, L.P.
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
6 인용 특허 :
8 |
초록
▼
An integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor apparatus includes a fuel cell stack assembly having multiple fuel cell stacks between which is defined a cavity, each of said fuel cell stacks including a plurality of individual fuel cells; and a catalytic combustor disposed at least partially
An integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor apparatus includes a fuel cell stack assembly having multiple fuel cell stacks between which is defined a cavity, each of said fuel cell stacks including a plurality of individual fuel cells; and a catalytic combustor disposed at least partially within the cavity, the catalytic combustor having a catalytic bed and a catalytic igniter.
대표청구항
▼
What is claimed is: 1. An integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor apparatus, comprising: a fuel cell stack assembly having multiple fuel cell stacks between which is defined a cavity; each of said fuel cell stacks including a plurality of individual fuel cells; and a catalytic combustor
What is claimed is: 1. An integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor apparatus, comprising: a fuel cell stack assembly having multiple fuel cell stacks between which is defined a cavity; each of said fuel cell stacks including a plurality of individual fuel cells; and a catalytic combustor disposed at least partially within said cavity and between adjacent fuel cell stacks, said catalytic combustor having a catalytic bed and a catalytic igniter, wherein said catalytic combustor is configured to receive and combust excess exhausted fuel from said fuel cell stacks; wherein a flow of reactant through said fuel cell stacks is in a direction counter to a direction in which said excess exhaust fuel flows to said catalytic combustor such that a heat generation profile in said catalytic combustor is opposite that in said fuel cell stacks such that operation of said catalytic combustor normalizes a temperature profile along a length of said fuel cell stack assembly. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a fuel flow channel defined in space between said catalytic combustor and said fuel cell stacks. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a cathode air profiling manifold disposed around said fuel cell stacks such that an air flow to said fuel cell stacks is optimized by said air profiling manifold. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said air profiling manifold comprises an outer skin and an inner profiling skin having a plurality of holes enclosing said fuel cell stacks. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said air profiling manifold is further defined by an intermediate profiling skin disposed between said inner and outer skins. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising an oxidant manifold fluidly coupled to said air profiling manifold. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a fuel manifold in fluid communication with said fuel channel and wherein said oxidant manifold and said fuel manifold are coupled to a proximal end of said fuel cell stack assembly. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a flame arrestor in fluid communication between a distal end of said fuel cell stacks and said catalytic combustor. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising an excess cathode air router coupled to said distal end of said fuel cell stacks. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said catalytic combustor further comprises a shell. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a plurality of pass through holes defined in said shell of said catalytic combustor, said plurality of holes serving as inlets for said catalytic combustor. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said catalytic combustor further comprises catalytic flow channels defined in said catalytic bed between a distal end and a proximal end of said catalytic combustor. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said catalytic bed comprises catalytic beads. 14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said catalytic bed has a catalytic profile varying between a higher catalytic coefficient at a distal end of said catalytic combustor and a lower catalytic coefficient at a proximal end. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising an exhaust coupled to a proximal end of said catalytic combustor. 16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said fuel cells comprise solid oxide fuel cells. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said fuel cell stacks comprise a substrate of porous material. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said porous material comprises a ceramic. 19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said catalytic combustor is configured to receive remaining cathode air, surplus fuel and reaction byproducts from said fuel cell stacks. 20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said catalytic combustor comprises a graduated packing of a catalytic bed with catalytic particles of varying size such that a catalytic coefficient of said particles increases from a proximal end to a distal end of said combustor. 21. An integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor assembly, comprising: a frame; a fuel cell stack assembly comprising multiple fuel cell stacks coupled to said frame, said fuel cell stack assembly having opposing fuel cell stacks between which is defined a cavity; each of said fuel cell stacks including a plurality of individual fuel cells each having an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte; and a catalytic combustor disposed at least partially within said cavity between adjacent fuel cell stacks such that a fuel channel is defined in a space between said catalytic combustor and said fuel cell stacks, and wherein said catalytic combustor includes a catalytic bed and a catalytic igniter, wherein said catalytic combustor is configured to receive and combust excess exhausted fuel from said fuel cell stacks; wherein a flow of reactant through said fuel cell stacks is in a direction counter to a direction in which said excess exhaust fuel flows to said catalytic combustor such that a heat generation profile in said catalytic combustor is opposite that in said fuel cell stacks such that operation of said catalytic combustor normalizes a temperature profile along a length of said fuel cell stack assembly. 22. The assembly of claim 21, wherein said frame comprises an upper member, a lower member and a transverse member coupling said upper and lower members. 23. The assembly of claim 22, wherein said lower member further comprises a fuel manifold, an oxidant inlet, and an exhaust manifold; and a proximal end of said fuel cell stack assembly is coupled to said lower member. 24. The assembly of claim 21, further comprising an electric igniter wire assembly coupled to said catalytic combustor. 25. The assembly of claim 24, further comprising a plurality of integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustors coupled to said frame. 26. The assembly of claim 25, in which said igniter wire assembly, a non-active ceramic portion of said integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor, said catalytic core, and said cathode air profiling skin provide electrical routing from the cells out while still allowing said cathode air profiling skin to surround a electrochemically active surface. 27. The assembly of claim 26, wherein said frame acts as ground to complete said electrical routing. 28. The assembly of claim 25, wherein said anodes of said fuel cells are disposed along an interior of said fuel cell stack assemblies. 29. The assembly of claim 25, wherein said integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor further comprises a cathode air profiling manifold enclosing said fuel cell stack assembly. 30. The assembly of claim 29, wherein said air profiling manifold comprises an outer skin and an inner profiling skin configured to direct cathode air to a cathode air channel along a length of said fuel cell stack assembly. 31. The assembly of claim 30, wherein each of said air profiling manifolds further comprises an intermediate profiling skin disposed between said inner and said outer skins. 32. The assembly of claim 21, wherein said catalytic bed comprises catalytic beads. 33. The assembly of claim 21, wherein said catalytic bed has a catalytic profile varying between a higher catalytic coefficient at a distal end of said catalytic combustors and a lower catalytic coefficient at a proximal end. 34. The assembly of claim 22, further comprising a current collection assembly coupled to said upper member. 35. The assembly of claim 34, wherein said current collection assembly comprises electrical interconnects coupled to distal ends of said integrated fuel cell stack and catalytic combustor. 36. The assembly of claim 35, wherein said current collection assembly further comprises positive power stack collectors coupled to said electrical interconnects. 37. The assembly of claim 21, further comprising an excess cathode air router coupled to an end of said fuel cell stack assembly. 38. The assembly of claim 37, wherein said upper member further comprises an excess cathode air manifold in fluid communication with said excess cathode air router. 39. The assembly of claim 38, wherein said transverse member comprises an excess cathode air return tower fluidly coupled to said excess cathode air manifold.
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