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A method and apparatus for transmitting data frames, and a method and apparatus for data rate matching wherein, via an interleaver, elements to be transmitted are distributed over a plurality of radio frames and repeated, the repetition being carried out in such a way that, when put into its relatio

A method and apparatus for transmitting data frames, and a method and apparatus for data rate matching wherein, via an interleaver, elements to be transmitted are distributed over a plurality of radio frames and repeated, the repetition being carried out in such a way that, when put into its relationship with the original arrangement of the elements before the interleaving, the pattern prevents the spacing between arbitrary consecutive repeated elements from being substantially greater than the mean repetition spacing.

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The invention claimed is: 1. A method for data rate matching, the method comprising the steps of: distributing data to be transmitted as bits over a set of frames via a first interleaver; carrying out a repetition method, for purposes of the data rate matching, on the transmitted data after interle

The invention claimed is: 1. A method for data rate matching, the method comprising the steps of: distributing data to be transmitted as bits over a set of frames via a first interleaver; carrying out a repetition method, for purposes of the data rate matching, on the transmitted data after interleaving such that a same number of bits are repeated in each of the frames, and the repeated bits have as uniform as possible a spacing from one another with regard to a sequence of the transmitted bits upstream of the first interleaver; and applying, in displaced fashion, a repetition pattern of the repetition method, which is applied inside a first frame of the frames, and also inside further frames of the set of frames, wherein a repetition rate is not an integral fraction, and wherein a displacement S(k) of the repetition pattern to the set of frames is performed using a displacement of a next lower repetition rate that is an integral fraction, wherein the displacement S(k) of the repetition pattern to a frame k of the frames is obtained via: calculation of a mean repetition distance q, using the following formulation: description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"q:=(┌Nc/(/Ni-N c/)┐)description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" where ┌ ┐ signifies rounding up, and // signifies an absolute value, Nc represents a number of bits of each of the frames before the rate matching, and Ni represents a number of bits of the each of the frames after the rate matching and if q is even then q=q+1cd(q, F)/F, where 1cd (q, F) signifies a greatest common divisor of q and F, where F is the number of the frames endif calculation of the S(k), the displacement of the repetition pattern each column k, using the following formulation: for I=0 to F-1 description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"S(RF(└i*q┘ mod F))=(└i*q┘ div F)description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" where, └ ┘ signifies rounding down, and RF(k) is an inversion of a column exchange operation of the first interleaver end for, and displacing the repetition pattern of the frame k by the amount S(k). 2. The method for data rate matching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the displacement S(k) of the repetition pattern onto the frame k is obtained via the following steps by comparison with application of the repetition pattern to the frame k=0: q:=(┌Nc/(/Ni-Nc/)┐), where ┌ ┐ represents rounding up and // signifying an absolute value if q is even then q=q+1cd(q, F)/F, F signifying a number of the columns and 1cd (q, F) signifying a greatest common divisor of q and F endif for i=0 to F-1 S(└i*q┘ mod F)=(└i*q┘ div F), └ ┘signifying rounding down end for. 3. The method for data rate matching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the displacement S(k) of the repetition pattern to the frame k is obtained via: calculation of a mean repetition distance description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"q:=┌Nc/(((Ni-Nc /2)mod Nc,-Nc/2)┐description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" --here, ┌ ┐ signifies rounding up to a next greater whole number if q is even--avoid hitting a same column too early a second time then q'=q+1cd (|q|, F)/F where, 1cd signifies a greatest common divisor q' is not a whole number, but a multiple of ⅛, or a multiple of F ∥ signifies an absolute value else q'=q endif calculation of S(k), the displacement of the column k: for i=0 to F-1 S(RF(/└i*q'┘/mod F))=(|└i*q'┘|div F) where, └ ┘ signifies rounding down, RF(k) is an inversion of a column exchange operation of the first interleaver end for. 4. The method for data rate matching as claimed in claim 1, wherein bits to be repeated are obtained via: a) determination of an integral fraction q of a mean repetition distance with the aid of q:=(┌Nc/(/Ni-Nc/)┐), ┌ ┐ signifying rounding up, and Ni; and Nc, denoting a number of elements after and before the rate matching; b) selection of a bit to be repeated in a first column; c) selection of a next bit to be repeated in a next column starting from a last bit to be repeated in a preceding column, this being done, starting with the last bit to be repeated, by selecting the next bit with spacing q, referred to the original sequence, when this does not lead to double repetition of a column, and a bit with a spacing changed from q being selected when use of the spacing q would lead to double repetition of a column; and d) repetition of step c) until all columns have been repeated once. 5. The method for data rate matching as claimed in claim 4, wherein a spacing q+1 is selected for determination of the next bit if use of the spacing q would lead to double repetition of a column. 6. The method for data rate matching as claimed in claim 4, wherein the spacing q+1 is selected for selection of the next bit when use of the spacing q would lead to double repetition of the column. 7. The method for data rate matching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the displacement S(k) of the repetition pattern to the frame k by comparison with application of the repetition pattern to the frame k=0 is obtained via: a) calculation of a mean repetition distance q in accordance with a relationship: description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"q:=(┌Nc/(/Ni-N c/)┐),description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" ┌ ┐ signifying rounding up and // signifying an absolute value, and Nc signifying a number of bits per column before the rate matching and Ni a number of bits per column after the rate matching; b) calculation of a changed mean repetition distance q changed if q is even, in accordance with a relationship: description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"q changed=q+1cd(q, F)/F, description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" F signifying a number of columns and 1cd (q, F) signifying a greatest common divisor of q and F; c) setting a variable i equal to zero; d) calculation of S(k) in accordance with a relationship; description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"S(RF└i*q┘ mod F))=└i*q┘ div F),description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" └ ┘ signifying rounding down and RF inverting or modifying a column exchange produced by the first interleaver; e) increasing i by one; and f repetition of steps e) and f) until i=F-1. 8. A method for transmitting data frames, the method comprising the steps of: distributing elements that are transmitted, over a set of frames via an interleaver; and carrying out a repetition method, for data rate matching, after interleaving such that a repetition pattern of the repetition method effects substantially equidistant spacings between consecutive repeated elements, the substantially equidistant spacings being regarded in relation to a sequence of the elements upstream of the interleaver, wherein the elements to be repeated are obtained via: a) determination of an integral fraction q of a mean repetition distance with the aid of q:=(┌Nc(/Ni-Nc/)┐), ┌ ┐ signifying rounding up, and Ni and Nc denoting a number of elements after and before the rate matching; b) selection of a first element of the elements to be repeated in a first column; c) selection of a next element of the elements to be repeated in a next column starting from the first element to be repeated in the first column starting with the first element to be repeated, by selecting the next element with the mean repetition distance q, referred to the sequence of the elements when the selecting the next element with the mean repetition distance q does not lead to double repetition of the next column, and selecting the next element with a spacing changed from q when the selecting the next element with the mean repetition distance q leads to double repetition of the next column; and d) repetition of step c) until all columns, corresponding to the frames, have been repeated once. 9. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 8, wherein the repetition rate is not an integral fraction, and the repetition pattern applied inside the first frame also being applied, in displaced fashion, inside further frames of the set of frames, with displacements being applied that are applied for q', q' being calculated from q by rounding up q to a next whole number q", and a greatest common divisor of q" and F being divided by F and added if q" and F have a common divisor. 10. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 8, wherein the displacement of the repetition pattern is determined with the aid of a puncturing rate, the puncturing rate being equal to a multiple of 100% minus the repetition rate, and the puncturing rate being in a range from 0% inclusive to 100% exclusive. 11. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 10, wherein the displacement of the repetition pattern is determined with the aid of a puncturing rate if the corresponding puncturing rate fulfils prescribed conditions. 12. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 11, wherein the displacement of the repetition pattern is determined with the aid of a puncturing rate if the corresponding puncturing rate is in a range of between 0% and 50% inclusive. 13. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 10, wherein the displacement S(k) of the repetition pattern to a frame k is obtained via: calculation of a signed mean repetition spacing: description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"R=(Ni-Nc)mod Nc,description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" where, x is mod Nc, in the range from 0 to Nc-1, that is to say-1 mod 10=9, and if R≠0 and 2*R≦Nc then q=┌Nc/R┐ else q=┌Nc/(R-Nc)┐ endif if q is even, then description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"q'=q+1cd(|q|, F)/F-1cd(|q|, F),description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" signifying the greatest common divisor of |q| and F, where q' is not a whole number, but a multiple of ⅛ or a multiple of 1/F; else q'=q endif calculation of S(k), the displacement of the column k: for k=0 to F-1 description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"S(RF([|└k*q'┘ mod F]))=(|└k*q'┘ div F),description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" RF(k) is an inversion of a column exchange operation of the interleaver end for. 14. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 8, wherein the elements are binary numbers. 15. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 8, wherein the frames have a duration of 10 ms, and the interleaving is carried out over a plurality of frames, the number of frames being a power of two. 16. The method for transmitting data frames as claimed in claim 8, wherein the frames are transmitted by using a CDMA radio transmission method. 17. An apparatus for transmitting data frames, the apparatus comprising: parts for distributing elements, that are transmitted, over a set of frames via an interleaver, and parts for carrying out a repetition method, for purposes of data rate matching, after the interleaving such that the repetition pattern of the repetition method prevents spacing between two arbitrary consecutive repeated elements from being greater than a mean repetition distance, the mean repetition distance being regarded in relation to a sequence of the elements upstream of the interleaver, wherein elements to be repeated are obtained via: a) determination of an integral fraction q of the mean repetition distance with the aid of q:=(┌Nc/(/Ni-Nc/)┐), ┌ ┐ signifying rounding up, and Ni and Nc denoting a number of elements after and before the rate matching; b) selection of an first element to be repeated in a first column; c) selection of a next element of the elements to be repeated in a next column starting from the first element to be repeated in the first column starting with the first element to be repeated, by selecting the next element with the mean repetition distance q, referred to the sequence of the elements when the selecting the next element with the mean repetition distance q does not lead to double repetition of the next column, and selecting the next element with a spacing changed from q when the selecting the next element with the mean repetition distance q leads to double repetition of the next column; and d) repetition of step c) until all columns, corresponding to the frames, have been repeated once.