IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0309644
(2006-09-02)
|
등록번호 |
US-7452513
(2008-11-18)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
7 |
초록
▼
A triple helical flow vortex reactor has a reaction chamber (100) with the means to create three fluid flow vortexes and an optional double end orbiting plasma arc to sustain combustion. The first vortex is of fuel and combusted gases such that said fuel and combusted gases spiral away from a fuel i
A triple helical flow vortex reactor has a reaction chamber (100) with the means to create three fluid flow vortexes and an optional double end orbiting plasma arc to sustain combustion. The first vortex is of fuel and combusted gases such that said fuel and combusted gases spiral away from a fuel inlet end (150) towards an exhaust nozzle or gas outlet end (110) of the reaction chamber (100). The second vortex is one starting at the gas outlet end (110) and confined to a thin layer at the inner wall surface (130) of the reaction chamber (100). The second vortex spirals in a direction reverse to the flow of the first vortex towards the fuel inlet end (150) of the reaction chamber (100). The third vortex is starting at the fuel inlet end and also confined to a thin layer at the inner wall surface (130) of the reaction chamber (100) in a direction with the flow of the first vortex.
대표청구항
▼
What is claimed is: 1. A triple helical flow vortex reactor with a reaction chamber having a fuel inlet end, a gas outlet end at opposing axial ends of the reaction chamber, and an inner wall, comprising, (a) a means for creating a fluid flow first vortex of combusted gases such that said combusted
What is claimed is: 1. A triple helical flow vortex reactor with a reaction chamber having a fuel inlet end, a gas outlet end at opposing axial ends of the reaction chamber, and an inner wall, comprising, (a) a means for creating a fluid flow first vortex of combusted gases such that said combusted gases spiral away from said fuel inlet end towards said gas outlet end; (b) a first circumferential flow apparatus fluidly connected to the reaction chamber at the gas outlet end for creating a circumferential fluid flow second vortex at the periphery of the reaction chamber such that said second vortex spirals away from said apparatus towards the fuel inlet end in a direction reverse to the fluid flow first vortex; and, (c) a second circumferential flow apparatus at the fuel inlet end having a fluid connection for creating a circumferential fluid flow third vortex at the periphery of the reaction chamber such that said vortex spirals in a forward direction with the outward flow of combusted gases and creates a mixing region adjacent to the fuel inlet end. 2. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 1, wherein the third circumferential flow apparatus is configured to produce a flow rate of the fluid in the third vortex less than the flow rate of the fluid in the second vortex. 3. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 1 wherein the third circumferential flow apparatus is configured to produce a flow rate of the fluid in the third vortex up to 15 percent of the flow rate of the fluid in the second vortex. 4. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 1 wherein the reaction chamber is configured to electrically connect to ground to form an anode; and further comprising, a charged cathode that is configured to (a) electrically insulate from and affix in the reaction chamber to the fuel inlet end; (b) enable formation of an arc initiated between the cathode and the anode in a circumferential gap that spans the fluid connection from the second circumferential flow apparatus; and, (c) enable the arc to expand away from the circumferential gap. 5. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 4, wherein the cathode is a shaped body that rises into a mixing zone. 6. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 4, wherein the circumferential gap is less than about 3 millimeters. 7. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 4, wherein the second circumferential flow apparatus is electrically nonconducting and has a layer of material on its surface facing the reaction chamber to partially increase electrical conductivity of said surface, said layer of material selected from the group consisting of a semi-conductor and sapphire. 8. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 4, wherein the second circumferential flow apparatus is electrically nonconducting and has an electrical conductor which is electrically connected to the anode and inserted into the second circumferential flow apparatus, said conductor being inserted at a location that separates it from the cathode by the circumferential gap. 9. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 4, wherein the second circumferential flow apparatus comprises, (a) a first portion configured to electrically conduct and to electrically connect to the anode; and, (b) a second portion comprising an electrically non-conducting material configured to be recessed in respect to the first portion, serves to insulate the anode from the fuel inlet end; and is of a thickness to provide the necessary circumferential gap between the anode and cathode. 10. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 9 further comprising a layer of material on a surface of the second portion facing the reaction chamber to partially increase electrical conductivity of said surface of the second portion, said layer of material selected from the group consisting of a semi-conductor and sapphire. 11. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 4, further comprising a co-axial cylindrical central body within the reaction chamber. 12. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 11, wherein the co-axial cylindrical central body extends through the reaction chamber and is configured to restrict the first, second and third vortexes to an annulus extending from the outer wall of the co-axial cylindrical central body to the inner wall of the reaction chamber. 13. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 12, wherein the co-axial cylindrical central body is double-walled and perforated such that oxidizer and reagents can be fed into the reaction chamber through the perforations. 14. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 11, wherein the co-axial cylindrical central body extends from the gas outlet end to a position above the fuel inlet end such that fluid within the reaction chamber can enter the cylindrical central body and wherein said coaxial cylindrical central body comprises, (a) a circumferential flow apparatus attached to the coaxial cylindrical central body; (b) a cap atop said circumferential flow apparatus that extends radially inward on the coaxial cylindrical central body; and, (c) spray nozzles for introduction of fuel at both ends of the reaction chamber. 15. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 1, further comprising at least one additional coaxially adjoining triple helical flow vortex reactor, wherein the reaction chambers are fluidly connected together in series, such that the gas outlet end of any one reactor adjoins the fuel inlet end of another reactor. 16. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 1, further comprising a circumferential flow restrictor on the inner wall of the reaction chamber to limit the circumferential fluid flows from the second and third vortexes. 17. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said reaction chamber is configured to be radio-transparent and further comprising an electromagnetic wave generator, which comprises, (a) a high frequency generator capable of creating electromagnetic waves at a plurality of frequencies selected from within a range of tens of kilohertz to hundreds of gigahertz through said portion; (b) a wave guide; (c) an initiator within the reaction chamber; and, (d) a plasma generator capable of initiating plasma discharges by injecting ionized fuel and oxidizer into the reaction chamber. 18. The triple helical flow vortex reactor of claim 17, further comprising a co-axial cylindrical, radio-transparent central body within the reaction chamber extending from the gas outlet end to a position above the fuel inlet end such that a fluid within the reaction chamber can enter the central body and exit the reaction chamber at the gas outlet end.
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