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Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | UP-0437828 (2006-05-22) |
등록번호 | US-7532451 (2009-07-01) |
발명자 / 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 2 인용 특허 : 244 |
An electrostatic fluid acceleration and method of operation thereof includes at least two synchronously powered stages with final or rear-most electrodes of one stage maintained at substantially the same instantaneous voltage as the immediately adjacent initial or forward-most electrodes of a next s
An electrostatic fluid acceleration and method of operation thereof includes at least two synchronously powered stages with final or rear-most electrodes of one stage maintained at substantially the same instantaneous voltage as the immediately adjacent initial or forward-most electrodes of a next stage in an airflow direction. A single power supply or synchronized and phase controlled power supplies provide high voltage power to each of the stages such that both the phase and amplitude of the electric power applied to the corresponding electrodes are aligned in time. The frequency and phase control allows neighboring stages to be closely spaced at a distance of from 1 to 2 times an inter-electrode distance within a stage, and, in any case, minimizing or avoiding production of a back corona current from a corona discharge electrode of one stage to an electrode of a neighboring stage. Corona discharge electrodes of neighboring stages may be horizontally aligned, complementary collector electrodes of all stages being similarly horizontally aligned between and horizontally offset from the corona discharge electrodes.
The invention claimed is: 1. A method of accelerating a fluid including the steps of: synchronizing independent first and second high frequency power signals to a common frequency and phase; and powering first and second adjacent arrays of corona discharge and accelerating electrodes with respectiv
The invention claimed is: 1. A method of accelerating a fluid including the steps of: synchronizing independent first and second high frequency power signals to a common frequency and phase; and powering first and second adjacent arrays of corona discharge and accelerating electrodes with respective ones of said first and second high voltage signals while maintaining said high voltage signals at substantially equal syn-phased operating voltages. 2. The method according to claim 1 further comprising a step of transforming a primary power signal into independent first and second voltages respectively including said independent first and second high frequency power signals, said step of transforming includes steps of increasing a voltage of said primary power signal to provide first and second high voltage alternating secondary power signals and independently rectifying said first and second high voltage alternating secondary power signals to provide said first and second high frequency power signals. 3. A method for providing an electrostatic fluid accelerator, said method comprising: determining an intra-stage spacing to facilitate a corona onset voltage between corona discharge electrodes and accelerating electrodes of an electrostatic fluid accelerator while minimizing sparking between said corona discharge electrodes and said accelerating electrodes; determining an inter-stage spacing to prevent a back corona forming between accelerating electrodes of a first electrostatic accelerator stage and corona discharge electrodes of a second electrostatic accelerator stage; disposing said accelerating electrodes of said first electrostatic accelerator stage in a first plane; disposing said corona discharge electrodes of said second electrostatic accelerator stage in a second plane, wherein said first and second planes are parallel, and wherein a spacing between said first and second planes is less than said inter-stage spacing; and powering said first electrostatic accelerator stage and said second electrostatic accelerator stage with a substantially equi-potential synchronized high voltage waveform. 4. The method of 3, wherein said step of disposing said corona discharge electrodes of said second electrostatic accelerator stage in said second plane comprises: disposing said corona discharge electrodes substantially parallel to and in an offset configuration with said accelerating electrodes. 5. The method of 3, further comprising: disposing corona discharge electrodes of said first electrostatic accelerator stage in a third plane, wherein said first, second, and third planes are substantially parallel, and wherein a spacing between said first and third planes is less than said intra-stage spacing. 6. The method of 5, wherein said step of disposing said corona discharge electrodes of said first electrostatic accelerator stage in said third plane comprises: disposing said corona discharge electrodes of said first electrostatic accelerator stage parallel to and in-line with said corona discharge electrodes of said second electrostatic accelerator stage and substantially parallel to and in an offset configuration with said accelerating electrodes of said first electrostatic accelerator stage. 7. The method of 3, further comprising: providing said first electrostatic accelerator stage having a first array of corona discharge electrodes and a first array of accelerating electrodes comprising said accelerating electrodes of said first electrostatic accelerator stage, wherein said providing said first electrostatic accelerator stage includes spacing each corona discharge electrode of said first array of corona discharge electrodes apart from said accelerating electrodes of said first array of accelerating electrodes said intra-stage spacing; providing a second electrostatic accelerator stage having a second array of accelerating electrodes and a second array of corona discharge electrodes comprising said corona discharge electrodes of said second electrostatic accelerator stage, wherein said providing said second electrostatic accelerator stage includes spacing each corona discharge electrode of said second array of corona discharge electrodes apart from said accelerating electrodes of said second array of accelerating electrodes said intra-stage spacing. 8. The method of 7, further comprising: exciting said first electrostatic accelerator stage and said second electrostatic accelerator stage with a synchronized high voltage waveform. 9. The method of 8, further comprising: syn-phasing said high voltage waveform such that a potential difference between said first array of electrodes and said second array of electrodes is maintained substantially constant. 10. A method of operating an electrostatic fluid accelerator comprising the steps of: supplying a high voltage power at a particular output voltage and current, said voltage and current waveforms each including constant and alternating components; arranging a plurality of stages of electrodes in tandem, each stage of electrodes including at least one corona discharge electrode and at least one complementary electrode; supplying said high voltage power to each of said stages of electrodes with substantially identical waveforms of said alternating component of said output voltage; maintaining adjacent ones of said stages of electrodes at substantially equal syn-phased operating voltages; and sequentially accelerating a fluid passing through said stages of electrodes. 11. The method according to claim 10 wherein said step of maintaining adjacent ones of said stages of electrodes at substantially equal syn-phased operating voltages includes maintaining a complementary electrode of one stage and a corona discharge electrode of an immediately subsequent stage within 100 volts rms of each other. 12. The method according to claim 10 wherein said step of maintaining adjacent ones of said stages of electrodes at substantially equal syn-phased operating voltages includes maintaining a complementary electrode of one stage and a corona discharge electrode of an immediately subsequent stage within 10 volts rms of each other. 13. The method according to claim 10 wherein said step of maintaining adjacent ones of said stages of electrodes at substantially equal syn-phased operating voltages includes maintaining a current flow between said adjacent stages to a value of less than 1 mA. 14. The method according to claim 10 wherein said step of maintaining adjacent ones of said stages of electrodes at substantially equal syn-phased operating voltages includes maintaining a current flow between said adjacent stages to a value of less than 100 μA. 15. The method according to claim 10 wherein said step of supply said high voltage power to each of said stages of electrodes includes supplying said high voltage to each of said plurality of stages of electrodes substantially in phase and with substantially equal levels of said alternating component of said output voltage. 16. The method according to claim 10 wherein said step of supply said high voltage power to each of said stages of electrodes includes supplying said high voltage to each of said plurality of stages of electrodes substantially in phase and with substantially equal levels of said alternating component of said output currents. 17. The method according to claim 10 wherein said step of supply said high voltage power at a particular voltage and current includes: transforming a primary power to said high voltage power to provide separate high voltage outputs; and synchronizing alternating components of said separate high voltage outputs produced by said transforming step. 18. The method according to claim 17 wherein said step of transforming said primary power to said high voltage power includes steps of transforming a voltage of said primary power to a voltage of said high voltage power and rectifying said high voltage power. 19. The method according to claim 10 wherein said alternating component of said output voltage has a frequency range within 50 Hz to 1000 kHz, said step of supply said high voltage power to each of said stages of electrodes including supplying said corona discharge electrodes of each of said stages with said alternating voltage component in phase and with substantially equal amplitude. 20. The method according to claim 10 wherein said alternating component of said output voltage has a frequency range within 50 Hz to 1000 kHz, said step of supply said high voltage power to each of said stages of electrodes including supplying said corona discharge electrodes of each of said stages with said alternating current component in phase with each other and with substantially equal amplitudes. 21. The method according to claim 10 wherein each of said stages of said electrodes comprises a first regular array of corona discharge electrodes and a second regular array of accelerating electrodes, said corona discharge electrodes and accelerating electrodes oriented substantially parallel to each other and each of said arrays of corona discharge electrodes spaced from each of said arrays of said accelerating electrodes of the same stage, corresponding ones of said electrodes of different ones of said stages being parallel to each other and to the electrodes of a nearest stage. 22. The method according to claim 21 wherein further comprising a step of spacing apart said corona discharge electrodes and accelerating electrodes of respective immediately adjacent ones of said stages a distance d that is 1 to 2 times greater than a closest distance between ones of said corona discharge electrodes and immediately adjacent ones of the electrodes of each of said stages. 23. The method according to claim 10 wherein each of said stages of electrodes includes a plurality of corona discharge electrodes located in a common transverse plane, each of said transverse planes being substantially orthogonal to an airflow direction and ones of said corona discharge electrodes of neighboring ones of said stages located in respective common planes orthogonal to said transverse planes. 24. The method according to claim 10 wherein each of said stages of electrodes includes a plurality of parallel corona discharge wires positioned in a first plane and a plurality of parallel accelerating electrodes having edges closest to the corona discharge electrodes aligned in respective second plane, said first and second planes substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to a common average airflow direction through said stages. 25. A method of operating an electrostatic fluid accelerator comprising the steps of: independently supplying a plurality of electrical output power signals substantially in phase with each other; supplying a plurality of stages of an electrostatic fluid air accelerator unit with a respective one of said plurality of electrical output power signals, each of said stages including a first array of corona discharge electrodes and a second array of attractor electrodes spaced apart from said first array along an airflow direction, each of said stages connected to a respective one of said output circuits for supplying a corresponding one of said electrical output power signals to said corona discharge and attractor electrodes of said first and second arrays, and maintaining said second array of attractor electrodes of one of said stages and said first array of corona discharge electrodes of an immediately subsequent one of said stages at substantially equal syn-phased operating voltages. 26. The method according to claim 25 wherein said step of maintaining includes maintaining said attractor electrodes of said one stage and said corona discharge electrodes of said immediately subsequent stage at syn-phased operating voltages within 100 volts rms of each other. 27. The method according to claim 25 wherein said step of maintaining includes maintaining said attractor electrodes of said one stage and said corona discharge electrodes of said immediately subsequent stage at syn-phased operating voltages within 10 volts rms of each other. 28. The method according to claim 25 wherein said step of maintaining includes maintaining said attractor electrodes of said one stage and said corona discharge electrodes of said immediately subsequent stage at syn-phased operating voltages such that a current flow therebetween is less than 1 mA. 29. The method according to claim 25 wherein said step of maintaining includes maintaining said attractor electrodes of said one stage and said corona discharge electrodes of said immediately subsequent stage at syn-phased operating voltages such that a current flow therebetween is less than 100 μA. 30. The method according to claim 25 wherein said step of independently supplying a plurality of electrical output power signals substantially in phase with each other includes transforming a primary power source voltage to a high voltage, rectifying said high voltage high voltage power source to obtain a high voltage direct current, and synchronizing said high voltage direct current of each of a plurality of electrical power signals to provide said electrical output power signals. 31. The method according to claim 25 wherein each of said electrical output power signals has an a.c. component having a fundamental operating frequency within a range of 50 Hz to 1000 kHz. 32. A method of constructing an electrostatic fluid accelerator comprising the steps of: orienting a first array of corona discharge electrodes disposed in a first plane; orienting a second array of corona discharge electrodes in a second plane, said second plane being parallel to and spaced apart from said first plane; orienting a third array of accelerating electrodes in a third plane, parallel to said first and second planes and disposed therebetween, wherein each accelerating electrode of said third array is disposed in a staggered configuration with respect to said corona discharge electrodes of said first array; and maintaining said third array of accelerating electrodes at a substantially equal syn-phased operating voltage with said second array of corona electrodes. 33. The method according to claim 32 including a step of maintaining said second and third arrays at syn-phased operating voltages within 100 volts rms of each other. 34. The method according to claim 32 including a step of maintaining said second and third arrays at syn-phased operating voltages within 10 volts rms of each other. 35. The method according to claim 32 including a step of maintaining said second and third arrays at syn-phased operating voltages such that a current flow therebetween is less than 1 mA. 36. The method according to claim 32 including a step of maintaining said second and third arrays at syn-phased operating voltages such that a current flow therebetween is less than 100 μA. 37. The method according to claim 32 including staggering each accelerating electrode of said third array with respect to said corona discharge electrodes of said second array. 38. The method according to claim 32 including aligning said corona discharge electrodes of said first array with said corona discharge electrodes of said second array. 39. The method according to claim 32, including a step of spacing each corona discharge electrode of said second array from a nearest accelerator electrode of said third array to achieve a spacing that is within the range of 1.2 to 2 times a spacing between each corona discharge electrode of said first array and a nearest accelerator electrode of said third array. 40. The method according to claim 32, including a step of spacing each corona discharge electrode of said second array from a nearest accelerator electrode of said third array to achieve a spacing that is within the range of 1.2 to 1.65 times a spacing between each corona discharge electrode of said first array and a nearest accelerator electrode of said third array. 41. The method according to claim 32, including a step of spacing each corona discharge electrode of said second array from a nearest accelerator electrode of said third array to achieve a spacing that is approximately 1.4 times a spacing between each corona discharge electrode of said first array and a nearest accelerator electrode of said third array. 42. The method according to claim 32, further comprising the steps of: longitudinally orienting a fourth array of accelerating electrodes in a fourth plane, said fourth plane being parallel to said first, second, and third planes and disposed on an opposite side of said second array than is said third plane; and disposing each accelerating electrode of said fourth array in a staggered orientation with respect to said corona discharge electrodes of said second array. 43. The method according to claim 32, further comprising the step of: coupling a high voltage power supply circuit to said first and third arrays; providing a high voltage waveform to corona discharge electrodes of said first array; and synchronizing said high voltage waveform provided to said corona discharge electrodes of said first array with a high voltage waveform provided to corona discharge electrodes of said second array. 44. The method according to claim 43, further comprising the steps of: coupling a first high voltage power supply to said first array; coupling a second high voltage power supply to said second array; and controlling each of said high voltage power supplies to generate synchronized and syn-phased high voltage waveforms. 45. A method of constructing an electrostatic fluid accelerator system having a plurality of closely spaced electrostatic accelerator stages, said method comprising the steps of: disposing a first array of corona discharge electrodes of a first electrostatic accelerator stage in a first plane; disposing a first array of accelerating electrodes of said first electrostatic accelerator stage in a second plane; disposing a second array of corona discharge electrodes of a second electrostatic accelerator stage in a third plane; disposing a second array of accelerating electrodes of said second electrostatic accelerator stage in a fourth plane, disposing each corona discharge electrode of said second array of corona discharge electrodes offset from each accelerating electrode of said first array of accelerating electrodes; and maintaining each corona discharge electrode of said second array of corona discharge electrodes at a substantially equal syn-phased voltage with said first array of accelerating electrodes. 46. The method according to claim 45 including a step of orienting said first, second, third, and fourth planes substantially parallel to each other. 47. The method according to claim 45 including a step of providing a high voltage waveform to said first array of corona discharge electrodes synchronized with a high voltage waveform provided to said second array of corona discharge electrodes. 48. The method according to claim 47 including a step of providing said high voltage waveform to said first array of corona discharge electrodes syn-phased with said high voltage waveform provided to said second array of corona discharge electrodes. 49. The method according to claim 45 including the steps of: coupling a first high voltage power supply to said first array of corona discharge electrodes; coupling a second high voltage power supply to said second array of corona discharge electrodes; and controlling said first and second high voltage power supplies to generate synchronized high voltage waveforms. 50. The method according to claim 45 including the step of disposing each accelerating electrode of said first array of accelerating electrodes offset from each corona discharge electrode of said first array of corona discharge electrodes. 51. The method according to claim 50 including the step of disposing each accelerating electrode of said second array of accelerating electrodes offset from each corona discharge electrode of said second array of corona discharge electrodes. 52. The method according to claim 50 including the step of aligning corona discharge electrodes of said first array of corona discharge electrodes with corona discharge electrodes of said second array of corona discharge electrodes. 53. The method according to claim 50 including a step of spacing said corona discharge electrode of said first array of corona discharge electrodes from said accelerating electrodes of said first array of accelerating electrodes by a first distance that is greater than an intra-stage electrode spacing as measured along a line normal to each first and second planes. 54. The method according to claim 53 including a step of spacing each corona discharge electrode of said second array of corona discharge electrodes from said accelerating electrodes of said first array of accelerating electrodes by a second distance, said second distance being greater than an inter-stage electrode spacing as measured along a line normal to each said second and third planes, said second distance being greater than said first distance. 55. The method according to claim 54 wherein said second distance is in the range of 1.2 to 2 times said first distance. 56. The method according to claim 54 wherein said first distance is selected as a function of a corona onset voltage between said corona discharge electrodes of said first array of corona discharge electrodes and said accelerating electrodes of said first array of accelerating electrodes. 57. The method according to claim 54 wherein said second distance is selected to prevent a back corona between said second electrostatic accelerator stage and said first electrostatic accelerator stage.
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